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CP Chemistry 2013-2014 Chapter 3 Notes Name: Atoms JJ Thomson Law of multiple prop Bohr model of atom Oil drop experiment Protons Isotopes Important Vocab Democritus Lavosier Law of def proportions Millikan Dalton Rutherford Plum pudding alpha particles Nucleus Atomic number Electrons Neutrons Atomic mass unit Section 3-1 Actual science began around: The first person to mention idea of an atom was: Atomos means: What has happened over the years to the idea of the atom and why: What evidence do we have that matter is made of atoms?: Antoine Lavoisier: father of Modern Chemistry? a. b. c. d. 1 Law of conservation of mass Cathode ray experiment Bohr Gold foil experiment Mass number Atomic mass Law of conservation of mass-energy: Ex: Law of definite proportions: Ex: Law of multiple proportions: Ex: John Dalton: father of modern chemistry? 1803 Dalton’s original atomic theory a. b. c. d. Dalton’s model of the atom: How has the original theory been modified? Why? 2 Section 3-2 JJ Thomson 1897 The experimental apparatus looked like: Thomson was able to: a. b. c. Robert Millikan 1909 The experimental apparatus looked like: Millikan was able to: a. b. Ernest Rutherford 1911 What did the experimental apparatus look like? Who performed the actual experiment? What are alpha particles? 3 The observations from the gold foil experiment are: The results from the gold foil experiment are: What does this mean to us? What are some analogies that help us to understand the size of the atom: a. b. So, how big are atoms? What is the nucleus? The three basic subatomic particles Name Where it is located relative mass (u) Section 3-3 Atomic number: Ex: 4 Actual mass (g) relative charge Actual charge (C) Mass number: Ex: Isotopes: Ex: Chlorine Ex: Hydrogen Nuclear symbols: Ex: a. b. How do we determine the number of protons, electrons and neutrons are in an atom?: a. b. c. d. Fill in the following table (check projector for filled in information) Name Symbol Atomic # Mass # # # protons neutrons 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 5 # electrons Charge How does one calculate the average atomic mass (or atomic mass)? weighted average Ex: a. Chlorine b. c. d. How is this different from a normal average? Ex: test scores 6