Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Double-slit experiment wikipedia , lookup
Newton's laws of motion wikipedia , lookup
Shear wave splitting wikipedia , lookup
Atomic theory wikipedia , lookup
Photon polarization wikipedia , lookup
Relativistic mechanics wikipedia , lookup
Wave packet wikipedia , lookup
Matter wave wikipedia , lookup
Surface wave inversion wikipedia , lookup
Theoretical and experimental justification for the Schrödinger equation wikipedia , lookup
Due Date Name____________________________________________________#____ Period 1 2 3 4 5 6 Assigned Date: ______ Chapter 20 Skills Worksheet: *****Due Date: _________***** 20.3 Concept Review: Pages 708-717 Section: Origin of the Universe 20.3 Section Review: Pages 708-717 SECTION VOCABULARY Word Definition the theory that all matter and energy in the big bang universe was compressed into an extremely theory 1. Despite all the gas, dust and stars in the universe, the universe is still mostly 2. Explain the difference between red shift and blue shift. 3. Explain how scientists know that the universe is expanding. 4. Define the big bang theory. 5. Describe the three possible outcomes for the universe. Doppler effect universe small volume that 13 billion to 15 billion years ago exploded and began expanding in all directions an observed change in the frequency of a wave when the source or observer is moving the sum of all space, matter, and energy that exist, that have existed in the past, and that will exist in the future 1. Identify Relationships: Explain how Edwin Hubble’s observations of distant galaxies support the big bang theory. Use the term “Doppler effect” in your answer. 2. Explain: Why can’t we observe distant stars and galaxies as they are right now? 3. Describe: How does the amount of matter in the universe affect the possible futures of the universe? 4. Infer: Imagine that you are able to travel back through time. Describe what would happen to the universe’s size and temperature as you traveled farther and farther back. 6.Explain how dark matter affects models of the future of the universe. Right on Time CHAPTER 20: As you read this section, keep these questions in mind: • What is the universe? • How do scientists think the universe began? • How can scientists predict the future of the universe? Right on Time Due Date Name____________________________________________________#____ Period 1 2 3 4 5 6 Assigned Date: ______ Chapter 20 Skills Worksheet: *****Due Date: _________***** 20.3 Concept Review: Pages 708-717 Section: Earthquakes and Volcanoes 1. Define each of the following: a. P waves 20.3 Section Review: Pages 708-717 SECTION VOCABULARY Word Definition the point on Earth’s surface directly epicenter focus Richter scale seismology surface wave b. S waves vent c. surface waves 2. Describe in your own words how a seismograph detects and records earthquakes. 3. Explain why most earthquakes occur at tectonic plate boundaries. 4. Contrast shield volcanoes and cinder cones. above an earthquake’s starting point, or focus the location within Earth along a fault at which the first motion of an earthquake occurs a scale that expresses the magnitude of an earthquake the study of earthquakes, including their origin, propagation, energy, and prediction in geology, a seismic wave that travels along the surface of a medium and that has a stronger effect near the surface of the medium than it has in the interior an opening at the surface of Earth through which volcanic material passes 1. Identify: Describe the three main types of seismic waves. 2. Understand Relationships: Why do most strong earthquakes occur at subduction zone plate boundaries? 3. Describe: How did scientists use information from seismic waves to show that the outer core is liquid? 4. Explain: How can a chain of volcanoes form in the middle of a plate, far from a plate boundary? 5. Identify: At which kind of plate boundary do most underwater volcanoes occur? 5. Explain why volcanoes form at both convergent plate boundaries and divergent plate boundaries. Right on Time CHAPTER 20: As you read this section, keep these questions in mind: • What is the universe? • How do scientists think the universe began? • How can scientists predict the future of the universe? Right on Time Due Date Name____________________________________________________#____ Period 1 2 3 4 5 6 Assigned Date: ______ Chapter 20 Skills Worksheet: *****Due Date: _________***** 20.3 Concept Review: Pages 708-717 20.3 Section Review: Pages 708-717 1.Explain why a ceramic bowl will keep oatmeal hot longer than a stainless steel bowl. Word convection 2. Explain which method of heat transfer can take place if two objects at different temperatures are placed without touching each other in a vacuum. convection current radiation 3. Calculate how much energy must be transferred as heat in each of the following situations. Use the following equation: energy = (specific heat) × mass × (temperature change) a. A 100 kg tank of water is warmed from 10°C to 25°C; specific heat = 4,180 J/kg • K b. 100 kg of steam is raised from 120°C to 135°C; specific heat = 1,870 J/kg • K 4. Explain why steam (gas) has a lower specific heat than water (liquid). 5. Describe the method of heat transfer involved when you mix hot water with cold water to make lukewarm water. Specific heat Definition the movement of matter due to differences in density that are caused by temperature variations; can result in the transfer of energy as heat any movement of matter that results from differences in density; may be vertical, circular, or cyclical the energy that is transferred as electromagnetic waves, such as visible light and infrared waves the quantity of heat required to raise a unit mass of homogeneous material 1 K or 1 ºC in a specified way given constant pressure and volume the transfer of energy as heat through a material thermal conduction 1. Explain: Why are most cooking pots and pans made from metal? 2. Identify: Fill in the blanks in the table below. Example Type of Energy Transfer The moon’s surface has a higher temperature on the side facing the sun. When cold water is poured into a glass, the glass becomes colder. Warm ocean water carries heat from the equator toward the poles. The pavement in a parking lot becomes hot on a sunny day. 3. Draw Conclusions: Convection occurs within the rock in Earth’s mantle. What can you conclude about the rock in the mantle based on this information? (Hint: In what kind of matter can convection occur?) 6. Determine which is the best type of skillet. Some people prefer a heavy cast iron skillet while others prefer a thin stainless steel one. (Hint: Think about how each skillet conducts heat.) Explain your answer. 4. Infer: Why can energy move through outer space by radiation, but not by convection or conduction? 5. Calculate: A container holds 2.0 kg of liquid water. The water absorbs 477 kJ of energy. If the water’s initial temperature was 298 K, what is its final temperature? Show your work. (Hint: Rearrange the energy equation to solve for DT.) Section Vocabulary Right on Time CHAPTER 20: As you read this section, keep these questions in mind: • What is the universe? • How do scientists think the universe began? • How can scientists predict the future of the universe? Right on Time Due Date Name____________________________________________________#____ Period 1 2 3 4 5 6 Assigned Date: ______ Chapter 20 Skills Worksheet: *****Due Date: _________***** 20.3 Concept Review: Pages 708-717 20.3 Section Review: Pages 708-717 b. the depth of the water Section: Sound 1.Explain why the speed of sound changes if the temperature of the medium changes. SECTION VOCABULARY Word Definition slow vibrations of frequencies lower infrasound pitch 2. Explain what factors affect the loudness of a sound. resonance sonar 3. Describe how to change the pitch of a note played on a stringed instrument. sound wave ultrasound than 20 Hz a measure of how high or low a sound is perceived to be, depending on the frequency of the sound wave a phenomenon that occurs when two objects naturally vibrate at the same frequency; the sound produced by one object causes the other object to vibrate sound navigation and ranging, a system that uses acoustic signals and returned echoes to determine the location of objects or to communicate a longitudinal wave that is caused by vibrations and that travels through a material medium any sound wave with frequencies higher that 20,000 Hz 1. Compare: Give one similarity and one difference between infrasound and ultrasound. 4. Describe the difference between infrasound and ultrasound, and provide one example of how each is used. 2. Identify: What are two factors that affect the intensity of sound? 3. Describe: A flute player plays two notes. The second note is louder and has a higher pitch than the first note. Describe how the frequencies and amplitudes of the two notes are different. 5. Describe how sound waves travel from the air through the ear. 4. Describe: Fill in the blanks in the boxes below to show how the human ear works. 6. Determine the following distances based on the sonar data given. A ship sends a sound pulse downward and receives the reflected sound 2.50 s later. (Hint: Use the formula d = vt. Assume the speed of sound in sea water is 1,540 m/s.) a. the total distance traveled by the sound pulse 5. Compare Give one similarity and one difference between sonograms and sonar. Right on Time CHAPTER 20: As you read this section, keep these questions in mind: • What is the universe? • How do scientists think the universe began? • How can scientists predict the future of the universe? Right on Time Due Date Name____________________________________________________#____ Period 1 2 3 4 5 6 Assigned Date: ______ Chapter 20 Skills Worksheet: *****Due Date: _________***** 20.3 Concept Review: Pages 708-717 20.3 Section Review: Pages 708-717 constructive interference Section: Wave Interactions 1. Describe the behavior of the waves in the following situations, and give an example of each type of behavior. a. Waves strike a surface or boundary. destructive interference diffraction interference b. Waves pass an edge or an opening. reflection c. Waves pass from one medium to another. d. Waves pass through another wave. 2.Draw two waves that will interfere constructively and two waves that will interfere destructively, and draw the resulting wave produced in each case. Label each case constructive or destructive interference. refraction a superposition of two or more waves that produces an intensity equal to the sum of the intensities of the individual waves a superposition of two or more waves that produces an intensity equal to the difference of the intensities of the individual waves a change in the direction of a wave when the wave finds an obstacle or an edge, such as an opening the combination of two or more waves that results in a single wave the bouncing back of a ray of light, sound, or heat when the ray hits a surface that it does not go through the bending of a wave front as the wave front passes between two substances in which the speed of the wave differs a pattern of vibration that simulates a wave that is standing still standing wave 1. Compare: Give one difference and one similarity between constructive interference and destructive interference. 2. Identify: What allows you to hear sounds in a room when you are standing outside the door? Explain how this effect works. 3. Compare: How is refraction different from diffraction? 3.Determine the wavelength of the standing waves in the figure below. The string is 1.5 m long. 4. Infer: The crest of wave A has an amplitude of 5 cm. The trough of wave B has an amplitude of 2 cm. If the crest of wave A combines with the trough of wave B, what will be the amplitude of the resulting wave? Will the waves form a crest or a trough when they combine? 5. Draw Conclusions A student ties a rope to a doorknob. The student moves the rope to create a standing wave with two nodes and one antinode. In the space below, draw what the standing wave looks like. KEY ID Section Vocabulary Word Right on Time Definition CHAPTER 20: As you read this section, keep these questions in mind: • What is the universe? • How do scientists think the universe began? • How can scientists predict the future of the universe? Right on Time Due Date Name____________________________________________________#____ Period 1 2 3 4 5 6 Assigned Date: ______ Chapter 20 Skills Worksheet: *****Due Date: _________***** 20.3 Concept Review: Pages 708-717 20.3 Section Review: Pages 708-717 4. Describe: As the frequency of a wave increases, what happens to its period and wavelength if its speed stays the same? SECTION VOCABULARY Word Definition the maximum distance that the particles of a wave’s medium vibrate amplitude from their rest position an observed change in the frequency Doppler of a wave when the source or observer effect is moving the number of cycles or vibrations per unit of time; also the number of frequency waves produced in a given amount of time in physics, the time that it takes a complete cycle or wave oscillation to period occur wavelength the distance from any point on a wave to an identical point on the next wave 1. Identify: On the figure below, label the amplitude and wavelength of the wave. : Types of Waves 1. Give three examples of mechanical waves, and identify the medium through which they travel. Mechanical Wave Medium 2. a. Name the one type of wave that does not require a medium. _____________________ b. State what oscillates in this type of wave. 3. Describe the motion of the particles in the medium for each type of wave. Wave Type Motion of Particles Transverse Longitudinal How does this motion compare to the direction the wave travels? 2. Calculate: Green light has a wavelength of 5.20 × 10-7 m. The speed of light is 3.00 × 108 m/s. What is the frequency of green light waves? Show your work. (Hint: 1 m/s ÷ 1 m = 1 Hz.) 3. U A scientist strikes a long metal bar with a hammer. The energy produces waves that travel through the bar and through the air. Which will reach the end of the bar first, the wave traveling through the bar or the one traveling through the air? Explain your answer. Right on Time 4. Explain what happens to the motion of a particle as a wave passes through a medium. How is the motion of the particle like the motion of a mass on a spring? 5. Use this figure that shows the pattern of wave fronts that are formed when a pebble is dropped into a pool of water. a. Compare the height of the wave fronts in circles A, B, and C. b. Indicate the wave front in which the energy of the wave is most spread out. CHAPTER 20: As you read this section, keep these questions in mind: • What is the universe? • How do scientists think the universe began? • How can scientists predict the future of the universe? Right on Time Due Date Name____________________________________________________#____ Period 1 2 3 4 5 6 Assigned Date: ______ Chapter 20 Skills Worksheet: *****Due Date: _________***** 20.3 Concept Review: Pages 708-717 20.3 Section Review: Pages 708-717 . c. Compare the amount of total energy in each of the wave fronts. SECTION VOCABULARY Word Definition the highest point of a wave crest electromagnetic wave longitudinal wave mechanical wave medium transverse wave trough Section: Simple Machines x 1. Name an example of each of the following types of simple machines: a wave that consists of oscillating electric and magnetic fields, which radiate outward at the speed of light a wave in which the particles of the medium vibrate parallel to the direction of wave motion a wave that requires a medium through which to travel a physical environment in which phenomena occur a wave in which the particles of the medium move perpendicularly to the direction the wave is traveling the lowest point of a wave 1. Compare Give two similarities and one difference between mechanical waves and electromagnetic waves. a. lever b. wedge c. pulley d. wheel and axle e. inclined plane f. screw 2. Draw the three types of levers, and label the input force, output force, and fulcrum on each. First class lever Second class lever Third class lever 2. Apply Concepts: Why can light travel through outer space, but sound cannot? 3. Compare: What is the difference between how transverse waves and longitudinal waves move particles? Longitudinal Waves Transverse 4. Identify Problems: A student is describing a longitudinal wave in his notebook. She writes down “The distance between crests is 3 cm.” What is wrong with what the student recorded? 3. Compare a wedge and a screw with an inclined plane. 4. Describe how an inclined plane increases the force without changing the amount of work done. 5. Explain how a wheelbarrow is a compound machine. 5. Explain Why does a noise sound fainter as you move away from its source? Right on Time CHAPTER 20: As you read this section, keep these questions in mind: • What is the universe? • How do scientists think the universe began? • How can scientists predict the future of the universe? Right on Time Due Date Name____________________________________________________#____ Period 1 2 3 4 5 6 Assigned Date: ______ Chapter 20 Skills Worksheet: *****Due Date: _________***** 20.3 Concept Review: Pages 708-717 20.3 Section Review: Pages 708-717 (Hint: Can the height of a ramp ever be greater than SECTION 1 Work, Power, and Machines SECTION VOCABULARY Word Definition a machine made of more compound than one simple machine machine one of the six basic types of machines, simple which are the basis for all other forms machine of machines its length?) 1. List: What are the six simple machines? 2. Compare: How does the input distance of a single fixed pulley compare to the output distance? Explain your answer. (Hint: How are force and distance related?) 3. Infer: Why are wedges and screws part of the inclined plane family of simple machines? 4. Compare: How are second-class levers and thirdclass levers similar? How are they different? similar? different? 5. Explain: How are fixed pulleys similar to firstclass levers? 6. Infer: Can a simple inclined plane have a mechanical advantage less than one? Explain your answer. Right on Time Section: Work, Power, and Machines 1. Define each of the following terms, and write the equation for each. a. work b. power c. mechanical advantage 2. Explain the relationship between work and power. 3. Explain how machines make work easier if they still require that the same amount of work be done. 4. Calculate the amount of work done when a grocery store stocker uses 120 N of force to lift a sack of flour 1.5 m onto a shelf. 5. Calculate the average power in kilowatts required to pull a car up a ramp if the amount of work is 250 kJ over a period of 45 s. CHAPTER 20: As you read this section, keep these questions in mind: • What is the universe? • How do scientists think the universe began? • How can scientists predict the future of the universe? Right on Time Due Date Name____________________________________________________#____ Period 1 2 3 4 5 6 Assigned Date: ______ Chapter 20 Skills Worksheet: *****Due Date: _________***** 20.3 Concept Review: Pages 708-717 6. Calculate the mechanical advantage of a group of pulleys used to raise an engine from a car. The engine is raised 1.2 m with the pulleys when 4.8 m of rope is pulled through the pulleys. Section: What Is Energy? 1. Define the following terms: a. kinetic energy b. potential energy 20.3 Section Review: Pages 708-717 7. Contrast chemical energy with mechanical energy. SECTION VOCABULARY Word Definition the capacity to do work energy the energy of an object that is due to the kinetic object’s motion energy the amount of work an object can do mechanica because of the object’s kinetic and potential l energy energies the energy that an object has because of the potential position, shape, or condition of the object energy 1. c. mechanical energy 2. Calculate the gravitational potential energy of a 95 kg rock at the top of a 45 m cliff. The acceleration due to gravity is 9.8 m/s2. Explain: A boy on a bicycle is resting at the top of a hill. Then, he rides his bicycle down the hill. Describe how the boy’s potential and kinetic energy differ at the top, middle, and bottom of the hill. Top of the Middle of Bottom of the Hill Hill the Hill KE KE KE PE 3. Calculate the kinetic energy of a bicyclist traveling at 11 m/s. The total mass of the cyclist and the bike is 74 kg. 4. Identify the type of energy stored in a stretched bungee cord. 5. Explain how sunlight is converted into potential energy by plants. 6. Explain how the kinetic energy of an object changes when the speed of the object doubles. Right on Time PE PE 2. Describe: Fill in the table. Decide what form or forms of energy apply to each situation and whether each form is mechanical or nonmechanical energy. Situation Form(s) of Mechanical or Energy nonmechanical? Frisbee moving KE and PE through the air Cup of hot soup Sunlight Boulder sitting at the top of a hill A lit Light bulb Non-mechanical electrical energy and light energy 3. Apply Concepts: Why are water storage tanks usually built on towers or hilltops? CHAPTER 20: As you read this section, keep these questions in mind: • What is the universe? • How do scientists think the universe began? • How can scientists predict the future of the universe? Right on Time Due Date Name____________________________________________________#____ Period 1 2 3 4 5 6 Assigned Date: ______ Chapter 20 Skills Worksheet: *****Due Date: _________***** 20.3 Concept Review: Pages 708-717 4. Calculate: What is the potential energy of a 35 kg child sitting at the top of a slide that is 3.5 m above the ground? What is her kinetic energy if she moves down the slide at a speed of 5.0 m/s? Show your work. PE KE 3. Calculate the efficiency of the following machines: a. A lever is used to lift a 45 N rock. The applied force is 75 N. b. A pulley system raises a 39 N log with an applied force of 45 N. c. You do 425 J of work to push a 75 N box up a ramp until the box is 2.5 m above the ground. 4. Describe why a high-efficiency machine is more desirable than a low-efficiency machine. 20.3 Section Review: Pages 708-717 efficiency A quantity, usually expressed as a percentage that measures the ratio of work output to input. 1. Describe: State the law of conservation of energy in your own words. 2. Calculate: John uses a pulley to lift the sail on his sailboat. The sail weighs 150 N, and he must lift it 4.0 m. The pulley is 50% efficient. How much work must be done to lift the sail? How much work must John do on the rope to lift the sail? Show your work. 3. Calculate: A student does 100 J of work on the handle of a bicycle pump. The pump does 40 J of work pushing the air into the tire. What is the efficiency of the pump? Show your work. 4. Apply Concepts: Imagine a bouncing ball that does not lose any energy as it bounces. Could it ever bounce to a greater height than it was dropped from? Explain your answer. 5. Explain: Why are machines never 100% efficient? 6. Apply Concepts: Are living things open or closed 5. Explain why the height of a bouncing ball decreases after each bounce. systems? Explain your answer. 6. Explain how a skier, gliding down a hill, illustrates the conservation of energy. Explain your answer. Section Vocabulary Word Definition Right on Time CHAPTER 20: As you read this section, keep these questions in mind: • What is the universe? • How do scientists think the universe began? • How can scientists predict the future of the universe? Right on Time Due Date Name____________________________________________________#____ Period 1 2 3 4 5 6 Assigned Date: ______ Chapter 20 Skills Worksheet: *****Due Date: _________***** 20.3 Concept Review: Pages 708-717 20.3 Section Review: Pages 708-717 5. Compare: How is a circuit breaker different from a fuse? How are they similar? 4. Calculate A light bulb is connected to a battery. The battery has a voltage of 1.5 V. The light bulb has a resistance of 3.5 Ω. What is the current in the light bulb? Show your work. SECTION VOCABULARY Word Definition in electricity, a device that produces an cell electric current by converting chemical or radiant energy into electrical energy the ability to move electrical an electric charge from one point to potential another energy the rate at which charges pass electric through a given point; measured in current amperes the voltage difference in potential difference potential between two points in a circuit resistance in physical science, the opposition presented to the current by a material or device 1. Describe According to Ohm’s law, how are current, voltage, and resistance related? 2. Classify Fill in the blank spaces in the table below. Conductor or insulator? Resistance: High or Material Conductor Insulator Resistance High Low Copper Plastic Air Insulator Silver Low Concrete High Section: Newton's First and Second Laws 3. Calculate A portable lantern uses a 24 V power supply. The current in the lantern is 0.80 A. What is the resistance of the lantern? 1. Interpret the following situations to determine whether an object’s velocity is being altered by an applied force (answer Yes or No). Show your work. Right on Time CHAPTER 20: As you read this section, keep these questions in mind: • What is the universe? • How do scientists think the universe began? • How can scientists predict the future of the universe? Right on Time Due Date Name____________________________________________________#____ Period 1 2 3 4 5 6 Assigned Date: ______ Chapter 20 Skills Worksheet: *****Due Date: _________***** 20.3 Concept Review: Pages 708-717 A A batter hits a baseball upward into right field. B A satellite orbits Earth at a constant speed of 7,000 m/s. C A submarine moves due east at a constant speed of 45 m/s. D A falling book lands on the floor with a precollision speed of 9 m/s. 2. Calculate the acceleration of an 82 kg couch that is pushed across the floor with an unbalanced force of 21 N. 3. Apply Newton’s first and second laws to explain why an object moving in a circular path at a constant speed is undergoing acceleration and has a force exerted on it. 20.3 Section Review: Pages 708-717 a mass of 1,500 kg? Explain your answer. 2. Infer Newton’s first law of motion is sometimes called the “law of inertia.” Why? 3. List Give two examples of Newton’s second law of motion. 4. Calculate A baseball accelerates downward at 9.8 m/s2. The force pulling the ball downward is 1.4 N. What is the mass of the baseball? Show your work. 5. Calculate A model airplane has a mass of 3.2 kg. Its propeller pulls it forward with a force of 7.0 N. What is the airplane’s acceleration? Show your work. 4. Determine the force needed to accelerate a 1,357 kg car forward at 8.0 m/s2. 5. Explain why a backward-facing car seat is safer for an infant than a forward-facing car seat during a collision or abrupt stop. 6. Make Predictions Two cars are driving at the same speed. The cars have the same mass. One car is driving on an icy road. The other is driving on a dry road. Which car will be able to stop more quickly? Explain your answer. 6. Use the concept of inertia to illustrate why volleyball is not played with a ball that has a mass similar to a bowling ball. Section: Gravity Section 1 Review SECTION VOCABULARY inertia the tendency of an object to resist a change in motion unless an outside force acts on the object 1.Explain why free-fall acceleration can be regarded as a constant for objects falling within a few hundred miles of Earth’s surface. 1. Apply Concepts Which has more inertia, a car with a mass of 900 kg or a car with Right on Time CHAPTER 20: As you read this section, keep these questions in mind: • What is the universe? • How do scientists think the universe began? • How can scientists predict the future of the universe? Right on Time Due Date Name____________________________________________________#____ Period 1 2 3 4 5 6 Assigned Date: ______ Chapter 20 Skills Worksheet: *****Due Date: _________***** 20.3 Concept Review: Pages 708-717 2. Identify which pair of objects would have greater gravitational force between them in the examples below. Use the law of universal gravitation to explain your answer. 20.3 Section Review: Pages 708-717 motion terminal velocity weight Earth; the motion of objects that are moving in two dimensions under the influence of gravity the constant velocity of a falling object when the force of air resistance is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction to the force of gravity a measure of the gravitational force exerted on an object; its value can change with the location of the object in the universe 1. Apply Concepts: If Earth had no atmosphere, would a falling object ever reach terminal velocity? Explain your answer. 3.Predict the path of the cannonball below. To do this, draw a line in the direction of the cannonball’s flight. Also draw and label the horizontal and vertical components of the cannonball’s projectile motion. 2. Calculate: Fill in the blank spaces in the table below. Free-fall acceleration on Earth is 9.8 m/s2. On the moon, free-fall acceleration is 1.6 m/s2. Object Bowling ball Textbook Large dog Mass (kg) Weight on Earth (N) 5 Weight on the moon (N) 8 19.6 50 3. Identify: In the space below, write the equation for the law of universal gravitation. Explain what each variable in the equation represents. 4.Calculate the mass in kg of an object that weighs 1,225 N on Earth. 4. Explain: Why do astronauts in orbit in the space shuttle seem to float? 5. Identify: What two kinds of motion combine to produce projectile motion? SECTION VOCABULARY Term Definition the motion of a body when only the free fall force of gravity is acting on the body the curved path that an object follows when thrown, launched, or otherwise projected near the surface of projectile Right on Time Section 3: Newton’s Third Law 1. Identify: which of Newton’s three laws of motion specifically applies in each of the following situations: CHAPTER 20: As you read this section, keep these questions in mind: • What is the universe? • How do scientists think the universe began? • How can scientists predict the future of the universe? Right on Time Due Date Name____________________________________________________#____ Period 1 2 3 4 5 6 Assigned Date: ______ Chapter 20 Skills Worksheet: *****Due Date: _________***** 20.3 Concept Review: Pages 708-717 1st 2nd 20.3 Section Review: Pages 708-717 1. Explain: How is velocity related to momentum? 3rd You feel a force against the sole of your foot as you take a step forward. A B A meteor moving in a straight path changes direction when it flies by Earth. C A full grocery cart that is pushed starts moving and increases speed, but the same push increases its speed even more when the cart is empty. D A skateboard moves faster in the same direction it is pushed. 2. Identify: What is Newton’s Third Law of Motion? 3. Apply Concepts: A skier pushes her ski poles against the ground. She begins to move across the snow. Earth does not seem to move. Identify the action and reaction forces in this example and explain why the skier moves but Earth does not seem to move. 2. Apply: Newton’s third law of motion to explain how two billiard balls, moving toward each other at the same speed, collide and move away from each other at the same speed as before. 4. Calculate: A baby has a mass of 5.0 kg. The baby is on a train that is traveling at 72 meters/sec. What is the baby’s momentum? Show your work. 3. Apply the concept of momentum to compare the mass and velocity of a slow-moving train and of a high-speed bullet. 4. Indicate which of the following has the greatest momentum: a 500 kg car moving at 64 km/h, a 250 kg cart moving at 128 km/h, or a 1,000 kg truck moving at 32 km/h. Explain your answer. 5. Calculate: A kitten has a mass of 0.8 kg. It is moving forward with a momentum of 0.5 kg m/s. What is the kitten;s velocity? Show your work. 6. Compare: Describe the total momentum of billiard balls before and after the cue ball collides with another ball. Section 3 Review Momentum-a quantity defined as the product of mass and velocity of an object Right on Time Section: Earth’s Interior and Plate Tectonics CHAPTER 20: As you read this section, keep these questions in mind: • What is the universe? • How do scientists think the universe began? • How can scientists predict the future of the universe? Right on Time Due Date Name____________________________________________________#____ Period 1 2 3 4 5 6 Assigned Date: ______ Chapter 20 Skills Worksheet: *****Due Date: _________***** 20.3 Concept Review: Pages 708-717 20.3 Section Review: Pages 708-717 1.Label the major layers of Earth. A B C D E F 2.Draw and label the three types of tectonic plate 2A boundaries. Indicate the direction of movement for each plate. 2B 2C 3. Identify the geologic features that form at each of the following: a. a convergent boundary between an oceanic plate and a continental plate 4.Summarize what scientists discovered when they analyzed the magnetic bands on the ocean floor. b. a convergent boundary between two oceanic plates Right on Time CHAPTER 20: As you read this section, keep these questions in mind: • What is the universe? • How do scientists think the universe began? • How can scientists predict the future of the universe? Right on Time Due Date Name____________________________________________________#____ Period 1 2 3 4 5 6 Assigned Date: ______ Chapter 20 Skills Worksheet: *****Due Date: _________***** 20.3 Concept Review: Pages 708-717 20.3 Section Review: Pages 708-717 Section: Magnets and Magnetic Fields 1. Draw and label the orientation of two bar magnets that would attract each other and two bar magnets that would repel each other. 2. Determine how many north poles and south poles there are when you break a permanent magnet in half and then break each half in half. Right on Time CHAPTER 20: As you read this section, keep these questions in mind: • What is the universe? • How do scientists think the universe began? • How can scientists predict the future of the universe? Right on Time Due Date Name____________________________________________________#____ Period 1 2 3 4 5 6 Assigned Date: ______ Chapter 20 Skills Worksheet: *****Due Date: _________***** 20.3 Concept Review: Pages 708-717 20.3 Section Review: Pages 708-717 3. Draw the magnetic field for the permanent magnet shown below, and draw the direction a compass needle would point at each point indicated. 4. Compare the strength of the magnetic field near one pole of a bar magnet with the strength of the magnetic field farther away from the magnet. 2. Apply Concepts: Which pair of magnets below will move toward each other? 5. Determine which direction you are facing if the needle of a compass you are holding points directly to your left. Explain your answer. Explain your answer. 6. Describe the movement of a compass needle that is free to rotate in any direction as you fly straight from the magnetic north pole to the magnetic south pole. 3. Identify: What produces magnetic fields? 4. Explain: A student places a magnet into a box of paper clips. When she lifts the magnet, some of the paper clips are pulled out of the box. However, some of the clips remain in the box. Why can’t the student pull all of the paper clips out of the box? d SECTION VOCABULARY Word Defition magnetic A region where a magnetic force can be detected field magnetic One of two points, such as the ends of a magnet, that have opposing magnetic pole qualities 1. Draw: Label the north and south magnetic poles in the illustration below. A: N S Right on Time CHAPTER 20: As you read this section, keep these questions in mind: • What is the universe? • How do scientists think the universe began? • How can scientists predict the future of the universe? Right on Time Due Date Name____________________________________________________#____ Period 1 2 3 4 5 6 Assigned Date: ______ Chapter 20 Skills Worksheet: *****Due Date: _________***** 20.3 Concept Review: Pages 708-717 20.3 Section Review: Pages 708-717 S N B: N S N S C: S N N S Right on Time CHAPTER 20: As you read this section, keep these questions in mind: • What is the universe? • How do scientists think the universe began? • How can scientists predict the future of the universe? Right on Time