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Chapter 2 Earth Science Matter Words to Know – Section 1 Atoms • • • • • • • • • matter atom element proton neutron electron atomic number mass number isotope anything that has mass and takes up space • matter tiny building blocks of matter, made up of protons, neutrons, and electrons • atom substance that is made of only one type of atom • element particle that has a positive electric charge • proton particle without an electric charge • neutron particle with a negative charge • electron the number of protons in an atom • atomic number the number of protons plus the number of neutrons in an atom • mass number atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons • isotope Words to Know – Section 2 Combinations of Atoms • compound • molecule • ion • mixture • heterogeneous mixture • homogeneous mixture • solution atoms of more than one type of element that are chemically bonded together • compound a group of atoms connected by covalent bonds • molecule electronically-charged atom whose charge results from an atom losing or gaining electrons • ion composed of two or more substances that are not chemically combined • mixture a mixture which is not mixed evenly and each component retains its own properties • heterogeneous mixture a mixture which is evenly mixed throughout • homogeneous mixture a mixture which is evenly mixed throughout; also known as a homogeneous mixture • solution Words to Know – Section 3 Properties of Matter • density measurement of the mass of an object divided by its volume • density