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Midterm Review Chutes and Ladders Sit with your teammates at the tables Orange Team Pink Team Blue Team Breonda Madison Chryshel Carla Lavohn April Henry Miya Lauren Chloe H’Chiem Amir Maudia Feven One skip during the game Rules • If you drive me crazy, we will stop and do this on a worksheet • We will play by playground rules – You go up the ladder and down the slide – You cannot do the opposite for any reason…this will lead to a crazy Mrs. Marquez and worksheet • You can’t “steal” squares. If you try to cheat, I will send you back to your seat Rules • Each team will be given a question – If you correctly answer, I will “roll” the dice. You will move according to the dice. – If you incorrectly answer or cannot answer, you will stay put until it is your turn again. • Each team will elect a spokesperson. He or she will provide me with the final answer. Do not yell out the answers. This will lead to a crazy Mrs. Marquez. Proclamation of 1763 • Pontiac’s uprising in Detroit in 1763 was a direct cause of No taxation without Representation! • How did the Stamp Act, the Tea Act, and the Intolerable Acts encourage American colonists to consider revolution against British rule? Intolerable Acts – closed harbor, no town meetings and set curfew • What act was a direct result of the Boston Tea Party? Homemade goods after the boycott • How did the Daughters of Liberty contribute to the American boycott of British goods in the late 1760s? Spirit • England had a clear advantage at the outset of the Revolutionary War, but Americans had which of the following factors operating in their favor? Boston Massacre • Five Bostonians were shot and killed by British troops who were later exonerated of the crime. Tea Act • Which act was written and enforced due to the British need to bail out the financially strapped British East India Company? Surprise attack and first victory! • What was significant about George Washington’s leading of his troops across the Delaware River on Christmas night in 1776? France; revenge • ______________ gave serious consideration to an alliance with the rebel colonies primarily because it regarded the war as an opportunity to ________________ Surrounded and cut off by land and sea • Why did the British surrender to the Americans in the Battle of Yorktown in 1781? Northwest Ordinance • It prohibited slavery in the territory and earmarked funds from land sales for public schools. States • Under the Articles of Confederation, who had most of the power? Shay’s Rebellion • What event proved that a stronger national government was needed to solve the nation’s problems. Salutary Neglect • British crown ignored the colonies and they developed their own system of government. Trade • Why was the Mississippi so important to both the French and the English? Pontiac • Which famous Ottawa chief led a rebellion of Native Americans against the British in 1763? Proclamation of 1763 • Colonists couldn’t move west of the Appalachian Mountains Mercantilism • Colonists could only purchase and sell their goods to the mother country Virtual – don’t forget this!!!! • British politicians respond to the American’s cry of “no taxation without representation” by stating that the colonists had ___________ representation. Boycott • In the decade before the American Revolution, the colonists’ achieved the greatest effect by using which of the following means of protest? Quartering Act • British troops could stay in a colonist’s home Yorktown • Which battle marked the end of the American Revolution in 1781? France • Which country entered the war after the Battle of Saratoga? Olive Branch Petition • Which document was written to profess American loyalty to the crown and begging the king to prevent further hostilities? Thomas Paine • Who wrote Common Sense? Thomas Jefferson • Who wrote the Declaration of Independence? Virginia Plan • Large states supported this plan basing representation in congress on a state’s population New Jersey Plan • Small states supported this plan basing representation in congress on equality Great Compromise • What was the name of the plan that combined the Virginia and the New Jersey plans together? Great Compromise • What was the name of the plan that combined the Virginia and the New Jersey plans together? 3/5 Compromise • Slaves counted as 3/5 of a free white man for representation in Congress Electoral College • This was added to the Constitution to prevent stupid farmers from electing a stupid farmer as the president Democratic-Republicans and Federalists • Political squabbling had divided the government by the end of Washington’s term in office into which two political parties? Federal gov’t assuming state debt • What was the most controversial part of Alexander Hamilton’s economic program to pay off the domestic debts of the States? President would enforce laws • The decision of President George Washington to use troops to put down the Whiskey Rebellion in 1794 demonstrated… VA and KY Resolutions • The states could nullify the federal government if they didn’t agree with a law. Hamilton • Who was the head of the Federalist party during Washington’s Presidency? Jefferson • Who was the head of the DemocraticRepublican party during Washington’s Presidency? Elastic • When Congress makes laws “necessary and proper for carrying out its enumerated powers,” it is using what clause? Embargo • During the ___________ of 1807, Jefferson stopped trading with ALL other countries. War of 1812 • The violation of America’s rights as a neutral power, British helping the Native Americas, and the desire of the Americas to want more land led to which war? Treaty of Ghent • Which treaty officially ended the War of 1812? John Marshall • Which supreme court justice was most famous for wanting the federal government to be strong? Jefferson • Who was Washington’s Secretary of State? Hamilton • Who was Washington’s Secretary of Treasury? Capital to DC • What was moved South in order for the Southerners to finally agree to assumption and funding at par of the state debts since they had almost paid theirs off? tariff • Tax on imported good Excise tax • Tax on domestic good Political parties; foreign involvement • What two things did Washington warn against in his Farewell Address? XYZ Affair • “Millions for defense, but not one cent for tribute” describes which infamous event during the presidency of Adams? Stay in office (federalists) • Why did the Adams administration pass the Alien and Sedition Acts? VA and KY Resolutions • What were written in response to the Alien and Sedition Acts by Jefferson and Madison in secret? Jefferson • During the Election of 1800, two candidates tied with the most electoral votes. The House of Representatives, influenced by Alexander Hamilton, selected which President? Midnight judges; Marbury v. Madison • What was the nickname for the judges appointed at the last minute by President Adams? Which Supreme Court case came from these appointments? He strictly interpreted the Constitution • Explain why the Purchase of Louisiana was difficult for Jefferson. William Henry Harrison • Which war hero gained his fame at the Battle of Tippecanoe? Washington DC • During the War of 1812, which famous city was burned by the British? New Orleans • Which battle in the War of 1812, which battle took place after the war was over? American System • P – Protective tariff • I – Internal Improvements • N – National Bank Missouri Compromise • Missouri = slave state • Maine = free state • No slavery north of 36’ 30 Very little farming could be done north of the line (no need for slaves) • Explain why the 36°30’ line wasn’t a bigger problem for the Southern states. Monroe Doctrine • Non-intervention • Non-colonization Abominations • South Carolina’s adoption of the theory of nullification was encouraged by the tariff of ________________ Electoral College • The House of Representatives decided the 1824 presidential election when no candidate received a majority of the vote in the ______________ ________________ Andrew Jackson • Which president was known for Indian removal, the removal of federal deposits from the Bank of the United States, use of the presidential veto power? Corrupt Bargain • After the election of 1824, the president’s choice of Henry Clay as secretary of state resulted in charges of a ___________ ________________with John Quincy Adams Supreme Court • In the first half of the nineteenth century, Cherokee efforts to retain their tribal lands in Georgia received direct support from which federal body? Jackson (Pet Banks) • The number of banks, each issuing its own paper currency, increased during whose administration? Women’s rights • What did the Declaration of Sentiments and Resolutions support? Enforce the tariff laws by sending troops • What was President Andrew Jackson’s response to South Carolina’s nullification of the Tariffs of 1828 and 1823? Cotton Gin • What invention had the greatest impact on the institution of slavery in the United States in the first quarter of the nineteenth century? An overwhelming majority of native-born Americans welcomed the immigrants as a cheap source of labor. • • • • PICK OUT THE LIE Improvements in ship technology made the ocean voyage relatively cheap and fast. Poorer immigrants lived in the cities while those with some money farmed in the West. An overwhelming majority of native-born Americans welcomed the immigrants as a cheap source of labor. The South attracted the least number of immigrants. 1ST women’s rights convention • Why was the Seneca Falls Convention significant? Charles Finney • Which of the following was the greatest of all the revival preachers who believed that alcohol and slavery should be abolished? North (anti-slavery) • Opposition to the US plan for the annexation of Texas came, primarily, from IV only Which of the following is true regarding Texas? I. the U.S. got it from Spain after the Mexican War II. its annexation was most strongly supported by New Englanders who viewed it as a potential market III. Southerners were eager to acquire it to stop the spread of slavery IV. it was annexed partially because the U.S. feared British designs on it Wilmot Proviso • What sought to ban slavery in the territory acquired from Mexico Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo What treaty gave us the territory in letter C? Ireland and Germany • Which two countries supplied the largest number of immigrants to the United States during the first half of the nineteenth century? Potatoes • During the 1840s, large numbers of Irish immigrated to the United States mainly because of Famine resulting from the failure of which crop? Civil disobedience • Which belief did Henry David Thoreau, Mahatma Gandhi, and Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. share in common? Dorothea Dix • Who was the leader of the movement to reform asylums and prisons? Horace Mann • Who was the most influential spokesman for the common school movement? Texas • Which state actually existed for ten years as an independent nation before its admission to the Union? Oregon • The rallying cry “Fifty-Four Forty or Fight” referred to which desired territory? Strike • Refusing to work Elias Howe • Sewing Machine Catherine Beecher • Urged women to teach John Deere • Steel plow Cyrus Field • Cable in the Atlantic Eli Whitney • Interchangeable parts Scabs • Strike breakers Samuel Morse • Telegraph Cyrus McCormick • Mechanical reaper Samuel Slater • Father of Industry Lowell Mills • Factory workers were mostly girls where? Lincoln • Person known for spot resolutions Santa Ana • Defeated American forces at the Alamo Alamo • Battle where Texans lost against Santa Ana Mexico • Country who emancipated slaves in 1830 Nicholas Trist • Person who negotiated Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo San Jacinto • Santa Anna was forced to surrender after this battle they could not afford the purchase price • The majority of southern whites owned no slaves because Uncle Tom’s Cabin • Harriet Beecher Stowe's, ________________, was the enforced separation of slave families. Popular Sovereignty • The American public should vote on whether to admit states with or without slavery. California • The quick formation of an effective government in ______________was essential because of the very large and unruly population drawn into the state by the discovery of gold. Fugitive Slave Law • The existence of the “Underground Railroad” added to southern demands for a stronger ________________ ___________ ________ added to the Compromise of 1850. Compromise of 1850 • California = free • Texas = slave • New Mexico and Utah = popular sovereignty The extension of slavery to United States territories should be prohibited by the federal government, but slavery should be protected where it already existed. • In the presidential campaign of 1860, what position was asserted by the Republican Party platform with respect to slavery? Nicaragua and Cuba • Southerners seeking to expand the territory of slavery undertook filibustering military expeditions to acquire which two countries? Missouri Compromise • Northerners especially resented Douglas’s Kansas-Nebraska Act because it repealed the ________________ ____________ prohibiting slavery in northern territories. John Brown • The fanatical abolitionist __________ ___________ made his first entry into violent antislavery politics by killing five proslavery settlers at Pottawatomie Creek, Kansas. Gadsden • What was the name of the purchase that happened to facilitate a Southern route for the transcontinental railroad in Southern California? Dred Scott • Which Supreme Court Case stated that the Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional? Africa • The American Colonization Society wanted blacks to return to which continent? William Lloyd Garrison • Which famous abolitionist was the publisher of the Liberator? Harriet Tubman • Who was the most famous “conductor” on the Underground Railroad? Republican • Which political party made huge strides in the election of 1856 although they didn’t win? John Brown • Which famous abolitionist led a raid on Harper’s Ferry to provide weapons to slaves? Lincoln • Within two months after the election of ____________________, seven southern states had seceded and formed the Confederate States of America. Border • During the Civil War, Missouri, Kentucky, Maryland were known as ___________ states. Fort Sumter • The firing on ___________ _____________ had the effect of arousing Northern support for a war to put down South’s “rebellion.” II Only • Immediately following secession, which of the following is true? I. the North tied reentry into the Union to the abolition of slavery II. the North was receptive to compromise to restore the Union III. both Buchanan and Lincoln moved quickly to restore the Union by force IV. the South was receptive to compromise to restore the Union Fort Sumter • Lincoln’s plan for the besieged units in _______________ ______________ was to provide provisions for the garrison but not to reinforce it. Union; Slaves • Lincoln at first declared that the war was being fought only to save the _________and not to free the _______________. I • At the outset of the Civil War, the South had all of the following advantages EXCEPT I. better generals II. the hope of enlisting support from the border states III. hope of foreign intervention IV. adequate manufacturing resources I and II • Which of the following were advantages for the North at the outset of the Civil War? I. II. III. IV. they had a stronger navy than the South they had better political leaders they were fighting a defensive war they had better generals Butternut • The areas of southern Ohio, Indiana, and Illinois that sympathized with the South and opposed an antislavery war. Better generals • Among the potential advantages of the Confederacy at the beginning of the Civil War was Britain • The South’s weapon of “King Cotton” failed to draw _____________into the war on the side of the Confederacy because cotton from previous stockpiles and other sources like Egypt and India. I, II, and III • Which of the following was true during the Civil War? I. II. III. IV. personal liberties were constricted executive power increased conscription (draft) was practiced the election of a president was suspended until the end of the war South Carolina • The first state to secede from the Union was Border States • President Lincoln was reluctant to emancipate the slaves in the first years of the Civil War because he feared that emancipation would drive the __________ ______________ out of the Union Emancipation Proclamation • In the ________________ _______________, President Lincoln announced that as of January, 1 1863, he would free slaves in states in rebellion against the United States. Lee, Stonewall Jackson • List one of the most famous Southern generals. Grant, Sherman, McClellan • List one of the most famous Northern generals. Blockade • What was term used to describe the prevention of ships entering or leaving Southern forts? Jefferson Davis • Who was elected as the president of the Confederacy? John Wilkes Booth • Who shot Lincoln? Antietam • Ensured that France and Britain would not enter the war on behalf of the Confederacy Sherman’s March • Involved the capture of Atlanta Fort Sumter • 1st Battle of the Civil War Appomattox Courthouse • South surrendered Bull Run • Proved that the war might last longer that was originally expected Anaconda Plan • Surround the Confederacy by blockade, controlling the Mississippi, and capturing Richmond Gettysburg • Northern most battle of the Civil War Vicksburg • Capture of the Mississippi Freedman’s Bureau • The original purpose of the Freedmen's Bureau was to assist blacks in their transition from slaves to freedmen Sharecroppers • During Reconstruction, most Southern newly freed slaves couldn’t afford to leave the South. Therefore they became __________. Church • What was the “bedrock” of the black community during Reconstruction? 10% Plan • What was the nickname for Lincoln’s plan for Reconstruction? Black Codes • During Reconstruction, what were written in order to regulate the affairs of the emancipated blacks? Johnson • Which president was impeached for dismissing a federal employee, regardless of the Tenure of Office Act? Alaska • What land was bought from Russia and known as “Seward’s Folly?”