Download Energy and Heat Ch. 15 Energy and Ch. 16 Thermal Heat and Energy

Unit 6: Energy and Heat
Ch. 15 Energy and Ch. 16 Thermal Heat and Energy
Objectives:
1. Discuss the relationship between energy and work.
2. Explain and calculate the kinetic energy and potential energy of an object.
3. Describe the major forms of energy.
4. Demonstrate the law of conservation of energy.
5. Explain how energy and mass are related.
6. Describe the direction of heat flow.
7. Explain temperature and relate it to kinetic energy.
8. Relate temperature to thermal energy.
9. Explain how thermal energy causes thermal expansion.
10. Explain and calculate the specific heat of a substance.
11. Describe the process to measure heat changes of a substance.
12. Describe the ways in which thermal energy can be transferred.
13. Explain how thermal conductors and insulators work.
Vocabulary
Energy
Kinetic energy
Potential energy
Gravitational potential energy
Elastic potential energy
Mechanical energy
Thermal energy
Chemical energy
Electrical energy
Electromagnetic energy
Nuclear energy
Energy conversion
Heat
Temperature
Absolute zero
Thermal expansion
15.1 Energy and Its Forms
Read p. 446-452 and make notes by answering the following questions.
Describe the relationship between force, distance, work, and energy.
Explain the unit of energy and how it is derived.
Describe kinetic energy.
Specific heat
Calorimeter
Conduction
Thermal conductor
Thermal insulator
Convection
Convection current
Radiation
Describe potential energy.
Describe gravitational potential energy.
Describe elastic potential energy.
Describe the 6 major forms of energy and give an example of each.
15.2 Energy Conversion and Conservation
Read p. 453-459 and make notes by answering the following questions.
Describe energy conversion and state some examples.
What is the law of conservation of energy?
Describe the role that friction plays when determining the energy of an object.
Describe the energy conversion between KE and PE. State an example.
Describe what is happening to the amounts of KE and
PE as the girl moves from A to B.
Why must the first hill on a rollercoaster be the highest?
Describe the different energies that the ball has at A,
B, C, and D.
How can mass and energy be converted into each other?
16.1 Thermal Energy and Matter
Read p. 474-478 and make notes by answering the following questions.
State Count Rumford’s observations and conclusion.
What was causing the brass to heat up?
In what direction does heat flow? Give an example.
What is temperature? How is it measured? State some reference points. How is it related to KE?
What must you consider when determining the thermal energy of an object? How is thermal energy unlike
temperature?
What is the relationship between temperature and pressure?
What is thermal expansion and why does it occur? Give an example of where it is used in every day life.
On a hot summer day at the beach, why does the sand get hot but yet the water stays cool even though they are
both receiving the same amount of heat?
What is specific heat and what does its number mean?
An iron spoon and a silver spoon have the same mass. Which becomes hotter when both are left in hot tea for 1
minute?
What is a calorie?
Describe the equation used for specific heat.
If it takes 80 J to raise the temperature of a material by 10oC, how much heat must be added to cause an additional
increase of 20oC?
The specific heat of copper is 0.39 J/goC. How much heat is needed to raise the temperature of 1000 g of copper
from 25oC to 45oC?
Describe how a calorimeter works and what it is used to measure.
A peanut burned in a calorimeter transfers 18, 200 J to 100 g of water. What is the rise in the water’s temperature?
16.2 Heat and Thermodynamics
Read p. 479-481 and make notes by answering the following questions.
Give an example of how thermal energy is transferred through conduction.
State how conduction occurs faster in some materials than others.
Give examples of thermal conductors and thermal insulators.
Describe the movement of convection currents and give examples of where they occur.
Describe radiation and give examples of where it occurs.