Download Page 1 of 21 Emergency Medical Responder: Anatomy

Emergency Medical Responder: Anatomy & Physiology Question Book
Terms of Position and Direction
1. A section that separates the body in to right and left portions would be the
A. Frontal section
B. transverse section
C. coronal section
D. sagittal section
2. The thoracic cavity lies where in relationship to the abdominopelvic cavity?
A. Dorsal (posterior)
B. Ventral (anterior)
C. Superior
D. Inferior
3. When the body is placed in the anatomical position, which of the following is not true?
A. The face is forward
B. The arms are at the sides
C. The palms are facing backward
D. The body is erect
4. A parietal membrane __________, where as a visceral membrane ______________.
A. covers organs; lines cavities
B. lines cavities; covers organs
C. is thick; is thin
D. secretes mucous; secretes serous fluid
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5. The diaphragm separates the thoracic and the abdominopelvic cavities.
A. True
B. False
6. The elbow is distal to the wrist.
A. True
B. False
7. Which of the following terms describes the motion of bending the forearm toward the body?
A. Abduction
B. Eversion
C. Flexion
D. Pronation
E. Supination
8. The anatomic location of the spinal canal is
A. caudal
B. dorsal
C. frontal
D. transverse
E. ventral
9. The anatomical position is characterized by all of the following except:
A. palms facing posterior
B. thumbs pointing laterally
C. face pointing anteriorly
D. body standing upright
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10. Medial is to lateral, as posterior is to ___________.
11. The plane which separates the left and right side of the body is called the ______________.
Characteristics of Living Matter
1. Which of the following lists best illustrates the idea of increasing levels of complexity?
A. Cells, tissues, organelles, organs, systems
B. tissues, cells, organs, organelles, systems
C. organs, organelles, systems, cells, tissues
D. organelles, cells, tissues, organs, systems
2. Homeostasis is defined as the
A. ability of human beings to keep body weight within normal limits
B. maintenance of a constant external temperature inside a room
C. Ingestion of enough food to keep hunger pains from developing
D. Tendency of the body to maintain a stable environment
3. Physical and chemical changes or reactions that occur within the body are collectively known as
A. Metabolism
B. Physiology
C. Assimilation
D. excretion
4. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of life:
A. growth
B. responsiveness
C. reproduction
D. organ systems
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The Cell
1. The selectively permeable membrane which surrounds a cell is called the __________________.
2. The "basic unit of life" is:
A. the atom
B. water
C. the cell
D. the chemical level of organization
3. The movement of molecules across cell membranes is generally termed:
A. Induction
B. Contusion
C. Infusion
D. Diffusion
4. Genetic material is stored within the:
A. Cytoplasm
B. Endoplasm
C. Nucleus
D. Golgi Apparatus
5. Cells that make up Single-cell organisms are also known as
A. Specialized cells
B. Undifferentiated cells
C. Stem cells
D. Cellulose
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Tissues
1. Which of the following is not one of the 4 basic body tissues
A. epithelial tissue
B. connective tissue
C. brain tissue
D. muscle tissue
2. Epithelial tissue functions in
A. secretion
B. absorption
C. protection
D. all of the above
3. Which of the following can be found in cartilage but not bone tissue:
A. lacunae
B. protein fibers
C. blood vessels
D. chondroitin
4. Epithelia that consist of more than one layer of cells is termed:
A. striated
B. stratified
C. stipilated
D. intercalated
5. Small hair-like structures on the surface of some epithelial cells are termed:
A. cilia
B. glia
C. villi
D. microvilli
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6. These cells are located in bone tissue:
A. chondroblasts
B. osteocytes
C. fibroblasts
D. chondrocytes
7. Based on basic tissue type, which of the following terms does not belong grouped with the others:
A. muscle
B. ligament
C. cartilage
D. blood
Organs
1. A structure composed of two or more tissues is termed:
A. organ
B. serous membrane
C. complex tissue
D. organ system
2. Which of the following organs is located in the abdominopelvic cavity?
A. Heart
B. Trachea
C. Thymus gland
D. Kidney
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3. A patient sustains severe blunt trauma to the left upper abdomen and requires surgery. The body
organ most likely to be involved is the
A. appendix
B. gallbladder
C. pancreas
D. urinary bladder
E. spleen
4. Each of the following is located in the mediastinum EXCEPT the
A. aorta
B. esophagus
C. heart
D. pancreas
E. trachea
5. Which of the following is located beneath the diaphragm in the right upper quadrant of the
abdominal cavity?
A. Appendix
B. Kidney
C. Liver
D. Spleen
E. Stomach
6. Which of the following is the lymphoid organ that is a reservoir for red blood cells and filters
organisms from the blood?
A. Appendix
B. Gallbladder
C. Pancreas
D. Spleen
E. Thymus
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The Skeletal System
1. Which of the following is the large bone found superior to the patella and inferior to the ischium?
A. Calcaneus
B. Femur
C. Symphysis pubis
D. Tibia
E. Ulna
2. The physician directs the medical assistant to complete a request form for an x-ray study of the fibula.
The procedure will be performed on which of the following structures?
A. Heel
B. Lower leg
C. Toes
D. Thigh
E. Pelvis
3. The study of the structure of bones is called
A. Histology
B. Pathophysiology
C. Virology
D. Osteology
4. Which of the following bones is not located in the upper half of the body
A. Humerus
B. Maxilla
C. Patella
D. Scaphoid
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5. Please list the four main classifications of bones in the human body:
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
6. The cranium consists of ___ major bones
A. 4
B. 5
C. 6
D. 8
7. The line where two bones fuse together in the skull is called a:
A. Suture
B. Structure
C. Fault
D. Foramen
8. The only movable facial bone is the __________________.
9. The lowest section of the vertebral column is the:
A. Lumbar
B. Sacrum
C. Coccyx
D. Cervical
10. The cuplike structure which the head of the femur fits into is called the:
A. Patella
B. Iliac Crest
C. Pubis
D. Acetabulum
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Joints
1. Please list the three main classifications of joints in the human body
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
2. Which of the following is flexible connective tissue that is attached to bones at the joints?
A. Adipose
B. Cartilage
C. Epithelial
D. Muscle
E. Nerve
3. Straightening, or unbending, of a limb is called:
A. Flexion
B. Abduction
C. Extension
D. Adduction
4. All of the following are types of joints except:
A. Ball-and-socket joint
B. Arched joint
C. Gliding joint
D. Hinge joint
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Muscles
1. The muscle tissue that can be consciously controlled is
A. smooth
B. skeletal
C. intercalated
D. none of the above
2. Which of the following does not describe skeletal muscle tissue fibers:
A. striated
B. voluntary
C. multinucleate
D. branched
3. List the 3 main functions of muscles:
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
4. All of the following are chemical waste products of muscular contraction except:
A. Calcium bicarbonate
B. Lactic acid
C. Carbon Dioxide
D. Acid phosphate
5. The ability to respond to a stimulus is called:
A. Reaction
B. Automaticity
C. Excitability
D. Conductivity
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6. The muscle used to rotate the arm inward is called the:
A. Deltoid
B Biceps Brachii
C. Triceps Brachii
D. Pectoralis Major
The Integumentary System
1. Which of the following is a structural, fibrous protein found in the dermis?
A. Collagen
B. Heparin
C. Lipocyte
D. Melanin
E. Sebum
2. All of the following are functions of the skin except:
A. Proctecting againt infection
B. Water absorption
C. Temperature regulation
D. Water retention
3. Immediately below the epidermis lies the _____________.
4. Oil producing glands in the skin are known as:
A. Sebaceous glands
B. Sweat glands
B. Epithelial glands
C. Endocrine glands
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The Circulatory System
1. The carotid pulse is located
A. in front of the ears and just above eye level
B. in the antecubital space
C. in the middle of the groin
D. on the anterior side of the neck
E. on the medial aspect of the wrist
2. Where is the sinoatrial node located?
A. Between the left atrium and the left ventricle
B. Between the right atrium and the right ventricle
C. In the interventricular septum
D. In the upper wall of the left ventricle
E. In the upper wall of the right atrium
3. Blood flows from the right ventricle of the heart into the
A. inferior vena cava
B. left ventricle
C. pulmonary arteries
D. pulmonary veins
E. right atrium
4. Oxygenated blood is carried to the heart by the
A. aorta
B. carotid arteries
C. inferior vena cava
D. pulmonary veins
E. superior vena cava
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The Lymphatic System
1. Lymphatic vessels are analogous to:
A. Bronchioles
B. Nerves
C. Veins
D. Arteries
2. Once interstitial fluid enters the lymphatic system it is referred to as:
A. Lymph
B. Lymphocytes
C. Plasma
D. None of the above
3. Lymph nodes are found in all of the following areas except:
A. Inguinal region
B. Axillary region
C. Pelvic cavity
D. Cranial cavity
The Respiratory System
1. The membrane on the surface of a lung is called the
A. Visceral pleura
B. parietal pleura
C. visceral pericardium
D. parietal pericardium
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2. Which of the following closes and seals off the lower airway during swallowing?
A. Alveoli
B. Epiglottis
C. Larynx
D. Uvula
E. Vocal cords
3. Exhaled air, when compared with inhaled air, contains more
A. carbon dioxide and less oxygen
B. nitrogen and less carbon dioxide
C. oxygen and less carbon dioxide
D. oxygen and less carbon monoxide
E. oxygen and less nitrogen
4. In the lungs, gas exchange occurs in tiny one-celled air sacs called
A. alveoli
B. bronchi
C. bronchioles
D. capillaries
E. pleurae
5. The parietal pleura:
A. is the membrane lining surface of the lungs
B. is the membrane lining the wall of the thoracic cavity
C. is the fluid around the lungs
D. is the thinnest portion of the peritoneum
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The Nervous System
1. The point at which an impulse is transmitted from one neuron to another neuron is called the
A. dendrite
B. glial cell
C. nerve center
D. synapse
E. terminal plate
2. The area of the brain associated with coordination of motor impulses is the:
A. Cerebrum
B. Cerebellum
C. Duodenum
D. Brain Stem
3. The three layers of the meninges are:
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
4. Situations in which the spinal cord responds to emergency signals without the brain are:
A. Spinal responses
B. Snap decisions
C. Reflex arcs
D. None of the above
5. There are ______ pairs of cervical nerves.
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The Endocrine System
1. Which of the following controls body temperature, sleep, and appetite?
A. Adrenal glands
B. Hypothalamus
C. Pancreas
D. Thalamus
E. Thyroid gland
2. Which of the following is the master gland of the endocrine system?
A. Adrenal
B. Pancreas
C. Pineal
D. Pituitary
E. Thyroid
3. Chemical messengers within the human body are often called:
A. Nerves
B. Dendrites
C. Catalysts
D. Hormones
4. All of the following are hormone-producing glands except:
A. Lymphatic
B. Pituitary
C. Adrenal
D. Gonads
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The Sensory System
1. Which of the following cranial nerves is related to the sense of smell?
A. Abducens
B. Hypoglossal
C. Olfactory
D. Trochlear
E. Vagus
2. The outer layer of the eye is called the
A. Iris
B. Sclera
C. Retina
D. Pupil
3. The tube connecting the middle ear with the pharynx is called the
A. Esphagus
B. Endotracheal
C. Epidermic
D. Eustachian
The Digestive System
1. Bile enters the gastrointestinal tract at the
A. gastroesophageal sphincter
B. duodenum
C. ileocecum
D. jejunum
E. pyloric sphincter
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2. Each of the following is a segment of the large intestine EXCEPT the
A. ascending colon
B. cecum
C. ileum
D. sigmoid colon
E. transverse colon
3. Which of the following is an accessory organ of the gastrointestinal system that is responsible for
secreting insulin?
A. Adrenal gland
B. Gallbladder
C. Liver
D. Pancreas
E. Spleen
4. The process whereby the stomach muscles contract to propel food through the digestive tract is
called
A. absorption
B. emulsion
C. peristalsis
D. regurgitation
E. secretion
5. The digestive juice responsible largely for the breakdown of fats is
A. Peptidase
B. Amylase
C. Lipase
D. None of the above
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The Urinary System
1. Urine flows through the urinary system in which order?
A. Bladder, kidney, ureter, urethra, urethral meatus
B. Bladder, urethra, kidney, urethral meatus, ureter
C. Kidney, ureter, bladder, urethra, urethral meatus
D. Kidney, urethra, urethral meatus, bladder, ureter
E. Urethra, bladder, ureter, kidney, urethral meatus
2. Male hormones are produced by which of the following?
A. Glans penis
B. Prepuce
C. Prostate
D. Testes
E. Vas deferens
3. The kidneys are located behind the other abdominal organs in the _______________ cavity.
A. Thoracic
B. Pelvic
C. Retroperitoneal
D. None of the above
4. The functional unit of the kindeys is called:
A. Islets of Langerhams
B. Loop of Henle
C. Nephron
D. None of the above
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The Reproductive System
1. Fertilization of an ovum by a spermatozoon occurs in the
A. cervix
B. fallopian tube
C. ovary
D. uterus
E. vagina
2. The production of sperm is referred to as _____________________.
3. The epididymis secretes the hormone _____________ to help increase sperm longevity.
A. Testosterone
B. Aldosterone
C. Progesterone
D. Glycogen
4. The penis consists of all the following sections except:
A. Corpus Christi
B. Corpus Cavernosa
C. Corpus spongiosum
D. Glans penis
5. The hormone that triggers the maturation of primordial follicles in pubescent girls is:
A. Estrogen
B. Follicle-Stimulating Hormone
C. Progesterone
D. None of the above
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