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Comins DEU 3e Ch 05 Quiz 4 completed
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1. Observation of clouds and structure in Jupiter's atmosphere
demonstrate that this planet rotates
• differentially, its polar regions rotating more rapidly than its equatorial regions because these regions are closer
to the rotation axis.
• like a solid body, all regions showing the same rotation period.
• differentially, its equatorial regions rotating more rapidly than its polar regions.
2. The major constituents of Jupiter are
• methane, ammonia, and water vapor.
• hydrogen and helium.
• rocks and minerals, similar to the Earth.
3. Upon its arrival at Jupiter, the /Galileo/ spacecraft released a
probe that
• soft-landed on the solid surface of Jupiter, just below the cloud layers.
• used a parachute to land on the oceans of water, hidden below the cloud layers.
• penetrated into the fluid atmosphere of Jupiter, never encountering a solid surface.
4. The average density of the massive planet, Jupiter, is
• less than that of the Earth but greater than that of water.
• similar to that of the Earth because it was made from the same protoplanetary material.
• greater than that of the Earth and of all other planets because of its much greater mass.
5. Jupiter's magnetic field is caused by
• electric currents flowing through the liquid metallic hydrogen in Jupiter's interior.
• electric currents flowing through Jupiter's magnetosphere and upper atmosphere.
• the magnetized iron core at the center of Jupiter.
6. What is the basic structure of Jupiter?
• Hydrogen gas throughout most of its interior, surrounding a small rocky core.
• Rock throughout most of the interior, with an atmosphere of hydrogen containing dense clouds.
• Hydrogen in liquid form throughout most of the interior, surrounding a small rocky core.
7. One significant physical characteristic of the high-pressure form of
hydrogen that is thought to exist in the interior of Jupiter is that it is
• a crystalline solid, making up the core and interior of Jupiter.
•
•
an electrically conducting liquid.
dark red in color, as seen in the gaps between the clouds, in the regions called belts.
8. The comet that impacted upon Jupiter in 1994 with devastating force
was fragmented into more than 20 pieces before impact by
• tidal forces and distortion during a previous close approach to Jupiter.
• intense solar heating and melting during a close approach to the Sun before this final impact upon Jupiter.
• the extreme speed of final approach to Jupiter as a result of the large gravitational force from this planet.
9. The wide range of colors?from yellow, orange, red, and even black?on
the surface of Io, Jupiter's moon, is evidence of
• the chemical element sulphur, which has been heated and cooled in various ways to produce diverse colors.
• auroral emissions produced by electrons from the solar wind, impinging upon the Io atmosphere and causing
fluorescence.
• the ices of many different chemicals, such as methane, ammonia, and water vapor, which come in many
different colors.
10. The behavior of the volcanoes on Io, the innermost Galilean moon of
Jupiter, most resembles which type of geological feature upon the Earth?
• The geysers or gaseous outbursts from hot springs such as those in Yellowstone National Park in the United
States.
• Slowly erupting volcanoes pushing magma relatively gently over the planet's surface, similar to those on the
Hawaiian islands.
• Explosive volcanoes such as Mount Etna in Italy and Mount St. Helens in the United States, throwing material
high above the surface.
11. The most volcanically active moon in the solar system at the present
time is
• Europa.
• Io.
• Triton.
12. The source of heat that drives the volcanic eruptions of sulfur and
sulfur compounds on Io, the giant moon of Jupiter, is
• radioactive heating in Io's interior, mainly from unstable radioactive sulfur isotopes.
• tidal distortion and flexing, caused by slight orbital changes.
• solar UV and visible radiation that is very efficiently absorbed by this material.
13. Jupiter's moon Europa appears to have liquid water just beneath its
frozen surface, as deduced from ice-flow patterns on spacecraft images
and their inferred movement. If so, what would be the source of heating
that keeps this water from freezing?
• Solar radiation, which at Jupiter's orbital distance is easily capable of melting ice.
• Tidal distortion and stress caused by the forces from Jupiter and its major moons.
• Radioactive decay of elements within the central core of the moon.
14. One fascinating speculation about Jupiter's moon Europa on the basis
of observations from spacecraft is that it has
• a solid surface dotted with numerous craters caused by asteroid impacts.
• numerous active volcanoes producing new surface material all the time.
• an ocean of liquid water beneath an icy crust.
15. The relative "ages" of different parts of the surface of Jupiter's
moons (the length of time since they were last overlaid by new material)
has been estimated by
• counting the relative numbers of impact craters on the different regions.
• estimation of the depth of the latest layers of surface material by radar reflection measurements.
• radioactive dating?by measuring radioactive particles with instrumentation on visiting spacecraft.
16. Which planets in our solar system are known to have rings around them?
• All of the giant outer planets: Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune.
• Only Saturn.
• Saturn, with its wide, bright rings and Uranus, with narrow, dark rings.
17. Where in the solar system would you look for the Cassini division?
• In the belts and zones of Jupiter's clouds.
• Between different regions of the asteroid belt.
• In Saturn's rings.
18. The Cassini division in Saturn's rings is
• a gap in the rings, swept clear of debris by gravitational disturbance from Mimas, a satellite that orbits well
outside the rings with an orbital period one-half that of material in the gap.
• the boundary between the B ring and the C ring, where the density and brightness of the rings change suddenly.
• a gap in the rings, swept clear of debris by a small moon orbiting within the gap.
19. Titan, the giant moon of Saturn, is exceptional in the planetary
system because
• it orbits the planet in a retrograde direction, opposite to the planet's rotation.
• volcanoes are active on its surface essentially all the time.
• it is the only moon to possess a significant atmosphere.
20. Titan, the largest satellite of Saturn, is the only planetary
satellite to have a dense atmosphere. This atmosphere is thought to be
composed mostly of
• hydrocarbons such as ethane and acetylene, produced by sunlight interacting with methane.
• carbon dioxide, like the atmospheres of Mars and Venus.
• nitrogen from the break-up of ammonia by solar ultraviolet light.