Download bone/muscle worksheet

The Skeletal and Muscular Systems
Name: _________________
Date: __________
Period: ___________
Instructions:
1. Read the text.
2. Use the text and the descriptions to help you to label the diagram and answer the questions.
Part 1. NAMING THE BONES OF THE SKELETON
The human skeleton contains 206 bones. If you ever break a bone or suffer from a bone disease, your doctor will use
the bones’ scientific names to describe your condition; it could be very useful for you to know the names of the most
common bones.
Diagram A
Diagram B
Part 2. NAMING THE MUSCLES OF THE HUMAN BODY
Think of the different ways in which you can move your body. While throwing a ball, for example, you grip
with your fingers, raise your arm, bend your wrist, and arch your back. Suddenly your arm swings down, your wrist
moves forward, your back flexes, your fingers straighten, and you release the ball. You continually shift your weight
and reposition, your legs; your shoulders and your other arm move to accommodate the throwing movement and to
keep and maintain balance; your head moves as you watch the target or the flight of the ball.
All of these movements happen because the muscles in your arm, neck, shoulder, back, trunk, legs, hands, and
feet are attached to your skeleton, and these muscles pull your bones. In this project, you will learn to name and
describe some of the major muscles that move your skeleton.
Conclusion Questions:
1. The muscle that tilts your head backward is the ____________________________________________.
2.
The triangular muscle that helps you to lift your arm above your head is the __________________________________.
3.
The muscle that helps to lift you onto your toes is the _______________________________________.
4.
The muscle that pulls your leg back as you prepare to kick a ball is the _________________________________________.
5.
The muscle that pulls your leg rapidly forward so that you can kick the ball is the ______________________________.
6.
The muscle that straightens your arm is the __________________________________________________
7.
The muscle that shrugs your shoulders is the ________________________________________________.
8.
The muscle that helps you to sit “Indian style” is the _______________________________________________.
9. The muscle that helps you to move your arm toward your body is the _____________________________________.
10. The bones that form a cage around the chest are called the ___________________________________________.
11. The longest bone in the body is called the _____________________________________________________.
12. The general term for all of the bones in the head is _____________________________________________.
13. The spinal column is made of many small ___________________________________ stacked one on top of another.
14. The longest bone in the arm is the ____________________________________________.
15. The common name for the scapula is______________________________________________________.
16. How many bones are in the wrist? ___________________________________________________
17. The bones that make the palm are called _____________________________________________.
18. What are the wrist bones called? _____________________________________________________
19. Where on the hand are the phalanges located? ________________________________________________
20. The bone that attaches to the scapula is called the ___________________________________________________.
21. A bone found above the eyes is the ______________________________________________ bone.
22. The thinner bone in the lower leg is the _______________________________________________________.
23. The thicker bone in the lower leg is the ______________________________________________.
24. On what part of the skeleton is the calcaneus found? _________________________________________
25. Another set of bones, similar to the carpals, are called “tarsals.” What part of the foot do the tarsals make? (You can probably
guess easily; if not, use a skeleton model to help you to answer this question.)
_______________________________________________________________________________________
26. On the foot, the short bones that are similar to the metacarpals are called “metatarsals.” What part of the foot do the metatarsals
make? (Guess first; then use a skeleton model to check.)
_______________________________________________________________________________________
27. The lower arm has two long bones, the ulna and the radius. Why do you think it is necessary to have two bones in the lower arm
instead of just one? ____________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
28. Many murder mysteries feature a corpse with a dagger through its ribs; obviously, the ribs do not do a perfect job of protecting the
organs inside them. Better protection could be provided by a solid bony case like the skull; can you see any disadvantages in such
an arrangement? Explain. ___________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
29. Suppose your brain were protected only by a set of bones with openings between them, like the ribs. Would this be satisfactory?
Explain your answer. __________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
30. Explain how the skeletal and muscular systems work together to help you move? __________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
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