Download Term Exam Review 2015

The ability to do work (move an
object over a distance) or cause a
change is _____.
energy
The unit for measuring energy is
_____.
joules
The energy of motion is called
Kinetic energy
Name 3 types of potential energy.
Chemical potential energy
Gravitational potential energy
Elastic potential energy
Name 6 forms of energy.
Chemical
Nuclear
Electromagnetic
Electrical
Mechanical
Thermal (Heat)
Energy cannot be created or
destroyed; it can be converted
from one form to another is
known as the _____.
Law of Conservation of Energy
When energy is transferred from
one form to another, what form
of energy is lost to the
environment?
Thermal (Heat)
List the four phases of matter in
order of least energetic
molecules to most energetic
molecules.
Solid
Liquid
Gas
plasma
The total energy of all the
particles in a substance is ____.
Thermal energy
The average kinetic energy of the
particles in a substance is ____.
temperature
In what direction does thermal
energy move?
From objects of warmer
temperature to objects of cooler
temperature
Name 3 methods of heat transfer.
Conduction
Convection
Radiation
The distance a wave travels in a
certain amount of time is the
_____.
speed
All electromagnetic waves have
the same _____.
speed
Which electromagnetic waves
have the longest wavelengths
and the lowest frequencies?
radio
Electromagnetic waves can
transfer energy without a _____.
medium
The range of electromagnetic
waves placed in a certain order
is called the _____.
electromagnetic spectrum
When a police officer uses radar
for speed control, the officer is
using what kind of
electromagnetic waves?
radio waves (more specifically
– microwaves)
Visible light has a higher
frequency than ____.
radio waves, microwaves and
infrared rays
Clear glass, water and air are
examples of what kind of
material?
transparent
A material that reflects or
absorbs any light that strikes it
is _____.
opaque
What happens when parallel
rays of light hit a smooth
surface?
regular reflection
Frosted glass and wax paper are
translucent
When the surface of a mirror
curves inward, like the inside of
a bowl, it is called a _____.
concave
What happens to the speed
when light passes from air into
water?
It slows down.
What happens to white light
when it strikes a black object?
All the light is absorbed. None
is reflected.
Name the primary colors of
light.
red, green, blue
Any two primary colors of light
combined in equal amounts
produce _____.
secondary colors
A curved piece of glass or other
transparent material that is
used to refract light is called a
lens
What type of electromagnetic
waves cause sunburn?
ultraviolet
The type of radio waves with
the shortest wavelengths and
the highest frequencies are
called__.
microwaves
The part of the electromagnetic
spectrum you can see is called
_____ light.
visible
An opaque object has a
particular color because it
reflects some wavelengths of
light and _____ the rest.
absorbs
_____ _____ occurs when
parallel rays of light hit and
bounce off a bumpy, or uneven,
surface.
Diffuse reflection
The type of electromagnetic
wave used to make images of
bones inside the human body
_____.
X-rays
Electromagnetic waves are
classified as _____ waves.
transverse
Electromagnetic waves with the
longest wavelengths are _____.
radio
Put the electromagnetic
spectrum in order from longest
to shortest wavelength.
Radio waves, microwaves,
infrared waves, visible light,
ultraviolet, x-rays, gamma rays
Electromagnetic waves that
have wavelengths slightly
shorter than those of visible
light are called _____.
ultraviolet
A _____ lens is thicker in the
center than at its edges.
Convex
Name the type of wave that has
the highest frequency.
Gamma rays
Name the primary colors of
pigment.
Cyan, magenta and yellow
When the primary colors of
pigments are added together in
equal amounts, the resulting
color is _____.
black
What is a medium?
 A solid, liquid, or gas
Can sound travel through outer space?
 No way!
What type of wave does sound travel
as?
 longitudinal
You can hear sounds from around
corners because of _____.
 diffraction
The ability of a material to bounce back
after being disturbed is called _____.
 elasticity
Which will sound waves will travel
fastest through—very elastic or not
very elastic materials?
 Very elastic!
Which will sound waves travel fastest
through—more dense or less dense
materials?
 Less dense!
Which will sound waves will travel
fastest through—warmer air or cooler
air?
 Warmer air!
Loudness, or sound level, is
measured in units called _____.
 Decibels (dB)
Sound waves with frequencies above
the normal human range of hearing are
called _____.
 Ultrasound
The amount of energy a sound wave
carries per second through a unit area
is its _____.
 Intensity
The pitch of a sound that you hear
depends on the sound wave’s _____.
 Frequency
The changing pitch of a police car’s
siren as it moves by you is an example
of _____.
 The Doppler effect
Which term refers to how high or low a
sound seems to a person?
 Pitch
As a sound source moves toward a
listener, what happens to the pitch?
 Appears to increase
How well sounds can be heard in a
particular room or hall is described by
_____.
 Acoustics
A system of detecting reflected
sound waves is _____.
 SONAR
What does SONAR stand for?
 SOund Navigation And Ranging
Sound waves with frequencies above
20,000 Hz are called _____.

Ultrasound
Infrasound waves have what
frequencies?

Below 20 Hz
What do bats use to locate food
and to navigate?

Echolocation
A sonic _____ is a huge amount of
energy released in the form of a shock
wave.

boom
The repeating changes in loudness of
two sound waves that are interfering
are called _____.

beats
The _____ of a sound wave is the
distance between a compression or
rarefaction and the next compression
or rarefaction.

wavelength
Sound travels the slowest
through this medium: _____.

air
The “pile up” of sound waves as a
vehicle travels almost as fast as the
speed of sound is called (the) _____.

Sound barrier
True or False. Newton’s first law
of motion applies to both moving
and nonmoving objects.
True
According to Newton’s second
law of motion, with force constant,
if mass goes up acceleration _____.
Goes down
True or False. Weight is a force.
True
True or False. Weight is a scalar
quantity.
False
The acceleration due to gravity on
Earth is
9.8 m/s2
The acceleration due to gravity is
9.8 m/s2. After falling 5 seconds,
an object would have a velocity of
_____
49 m/s, downward
The weight of an object varies
with the _____.
The force of gravity
When forces applied to an object
are balanced, what happens to
the motion of the object _____?
No change
Forces that are equal in strength
and opposite in direction are
called _____ forces.
balanced
The tendency of matter to resist a
change in motion is called _____.
inertia
Which would have more inertia—a
kilogram of feathers or a kilogram
of iron?
The have the same amount of
inertia
Which would have more inertia—a
motorcycle or a full-size pick up
truck?
truck
What kind of force always causes
a change in motion?
unbalanced
How hard objects are pressed
together and the type of surface
that objects slide across
determines the amount of _____
friction
Rank the types of friction based
on the least amount to the
highest amount.
Fluid, rolling, sliding
Liquids and gases are called
_____.
Fluids
When air resistance equals the
force of gravity on a falling
object, the object reaches _____.
Terminal velocity
The force that opposes motion is
_____.
friction
Fluid friction that opposes the
force of weight in a falling object
is called _____.
Air resistance
A downhill skier experiences
_____ friction.
sliding
A falling leaf is an example of
____ friction.
fluid
According to Newton’s Second
Law of Motion, if the force
exerted on an object increases, so
will the ____.
acceleration
According to Newton’s Universal
Law of Gravitation, the amount of
the gravitational force between
two objects depends on the _____
and _____ the objects.
Mass and distance between
If two stars move farther apart,
the force of gravity between them
will _____.
decrease
Because it has both magnitude
and direction, a force is a _____
quantity.
vector
Calculating
With what force will a car hit a
tree if the car has a mass of 3500
kg and it’s accelerating at a rate
of 4 m/s2?
14,000 N (kg m/s2)
Calculating
What is the mass of a falling rock
if it hits the ground with a force
of 490 N?
50 kg
Calculating
What is the weight of a 82 kg
man?
803.6 N (kg m/s2)
Calculating
A skydiver with a weight of 775 N
reaches terminal velocity. What is
the force of air resistance acting
on the skydiver?
775N (kg m/s2)
What type of force occurs when
an object from the external world
touches a system and thereby
exerts a force on it?
contact
Forces exerted without contact or
at a distance, for example gravity,
are called ___ forces.
field
The only force exerted on an
object in free fall is _____.
gravity
What is it called when an object is
moving both horizontally and
vertically?
Projectile motion
voltage
battery
longer
series
They are not reusable
series
1000 volts
prevent an overload
in the circuit
Direct current
the strength of the static force
would decrease
Static Electricity
attract
ohms
the current will decrease
The electron flow goes around the
load so that it doesn’t work.
voltage
repel each other
10 ohms
alternating
chemical reaction
2.4 amps