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Project Plan
North East Coast, St. Lucia
Feria Narcisse-Gaston
Forestry Department, St. Lucia
St. Lucia Iguana Iguana iguana (Photo by Liz Corey)
Feria Narcisse-Gaston
Forestry Department, St. Lucia
January 2008
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Theory of Change
4
Introduction
7
Country Profile
Population
Topography
Climate
8
8
8
8
St. Lucia Parrot Campaign Summary
9
Project Site Focus Summary
Introduction to the North East Coast
Geology and Soils
10
12
Biodiversity
Forest eco-system
Mangrove eco-system
Marine/Coastal eco-system
Wildlife
Conservation requirements of endemic wildlife
15
15
15
15
16
Land Use
Current Land-use Policy
Human Induced Threats
Potential Impact
Policy, Legislation and institutional responsibilities
18
18
19
20
21
Stakeholders Matrix and Narrative
Stakeholders Matrix
Stakeholders Narrative
Concept Model
Stakeholders meeting photos
22
22
25
27
Focus Group Summary
28
Summary of Survey Questionnaire
Sample Population
Sample Questionnaire
32
33
Summary of Survey Results
Respondent’s Sex, Occupation, Age, Education
Media Preferences
Knowledge & Awareness
Attitude & Behavior
Flagship Species
39
41
45
51
59
Description
Distribution
Social Behavior
Biology
Reproduction
Threats
Lifestyle
Diet
60
61
61
61
61
62
62
62
Threat Ranking
Revised Concept Model
63
63
Work Plan
65
Monitoring Plan
92
Project Timeline
103
Appendices
106
Theory of Change for St. Lucia “Iyanola” Pride Campaign
North East Coast, St. Lucia
The north east coast of St.Lucia is characterized for its high rate of endemism and great biological diversity. This site is
the last refuge for the endangered St.Lucian Iguana. It is also an important habitat for the endangered white breasted
thrasher bird and leatherback turtles.
The goal of the “Iyanola1” Pride Campaign is to “increase public environmental knowledge and build community support
and action for the conservation of endangered species population island-wide, with a focus on the North East coast of
St.Lucia.”
The Iyanola Pride campaign will increase knowledge of the uniqueness of the North East coast and its biodiversity and the
threats it faces, including invasive species – cats and dogs (which predate on the iguanas) and rats (which are
encouraged by littering), sand mining (which impacts nesting sites of iguanas and leatherback turtles) and hunting.
The campaign will enhance local ownership amongst the communities of the North East Coast, with the philosophy of
“Keeping it Green”. This approach will encourage positive community-led action to protect nesting sites by preventing
sand-mining vehicles from accessing the beaches, encouraging men to stop hunting iguanas, changing pet owners
behavior to stop dogs and cats from predating on iguanas and turtles, initiate regular litter collection (to reduce rat
predation of iguanas and turtles) and by enabling greater enforcement of legislation (through increased Forestry Office
patrols).
Messages will be spread through a range of activities for community members including – the creation of neighborhood
watch patrols, football competitions, an Iyanola Festival, billboards, printed materials such as posters and fact sheets,
beach cleanups, and economic enterprises such as craft making.
To support these conservation initiatives the Pride Campaign will “Show the Value” by creating an Iyanola Eco-regional
brand – through a national awareness-raising campaign, by using media such as radio, television.
In the end, the campaign will be seen as successful if there is an increase in the population of the iguana from less than
1,000 to 1,500 by the year 2020.
Development
Iyanola means “the land of iguanas” and is believed to be the name used for St. Lucia prior to European colonization. Since the iguana is
restricted to the tropical dry forest of the north east coast, Iyanola can provide both the basis for the eco-regional brand, as well as the “flagship”
species to capture the uniqueness of the area.
1
“Make it green” (Encourage green and low-footprint” development)
What do we know?
 Development is an important process within any economy, as is the case of St Lucia where tourism has become
the main foreign exchange earner.
 The government favors large developments and therefore is against small investment hotels/resorts that offer a low
impact on the environment.
 There is no known zoned land-use plan, signed up to by the National development Planning Committee (NDC),
Tourism and Economic Planning, not just Physical Planning.
St Lucia boasts a “Simply Beautiful” island offering a fulfilling natural experience. The island has developed over the years
as a premiere tourist destination, where the tourism sector has become the main income earner. Therefore, development
has focused mainly on the improvement of this sector with very little regard to maintaining its rich natural beauty.
The Iyanola pride campaign recognizes the need for development in Saint Lucia, the need for enhancing livelihoods for
the people and the vital importance of maintaining and benefiting from the islands natural resources: plants, animals, and
ecosystems. This process of development is without a doubt an integral part of improvement for our local economy.
However, a small developing nation like ours requires that we not only focus on methods of promoting economic growth
and structural change but also on improving the potential for the mass population given our limited resources. Thus, the
Iyanola Pride Campaign seeks to guide the development process utilizing multiple approaches in a time where so little of
our natural environment remains unblemished by the economics of change.
A strong focus will be placed on the primary approach which will incorporate social and political factors to devise particular
plans that will be based on the fundamentals of increasing awareness on the positive and negative impacts of habitat loss
through development, what habitat loss is and actually results in. This will involve interaction with both policy makers and
the general public in the current environment that is rich with appropriate developmental opportunities and a where there
is growing relationship and interest among all the stakeholders involved. This interaction will be facilitated by the creation
of the Iyanola Eco-regional brand through a national awareness-raising campaign which will lead to the realization of
positive developmental outcomes that are essential if development is to be successfully sustainable for generations to
come.
The Iyanola Pride campaign will also allow for the improvement of current methods and mechanisms that aid in the
determination of the types of policies and practices that guide the entire development process. Targeting the policy
makers, this will involve influencing the restructuring of development incentives that encourage small green/low footprint
development, using improved methods for project monitoring and enforcement of a strengthened environmental impact
assessment process. Also, it will involve a mixture of methods to encourage better investments that will safeguard the
natural beauty of our unique island. This mixture of methods should be part of “St. Lucia’s plan” for investment that
includes zoning, wildlife conservation, sustainable development and which recognises the north east coast as the most
threatened wildlife area on St. Lucia apart from our already well protected natural rainforest areas.
Although the concept of sustainability is often included in many forums for development, the outcomes are rarely visible in
the implementation of local projects that have demonstrated very little regard for the environment. The Iyanola Pride
campaign believes that a sustainable approach to development is one which takes account of economic, social and
environmental factors to produce projects and programmes which will have results which are not dependent on our finite
resources. A tourism sector which is sustainable will not use more natural resources than the local environment can
supply; more financial resources than the local community can sustain; and will have the necessary support from the
community, government and other stakeholders to carry on indefinitely. However such is never the case in the ideal world
and due to many factors the norm is to always increase foreign investment so that small nations can compete and face
the growing challenges of globalization.
Notwithstanding, the Iyanola Pride campaign will promote “green development” as it follows a growing world movement
and should be seen as a welcomed trend that will only increase our development potential. Understanding what we have
will be the first step to considering how important what we possess is to us. Helping the population and more importantly
the decision makers appreciate and consider these areas as assets to positive development will ensure that St. Lucia
remains simply beautiful for generations to come.
INTRODUCTION
Country Profile
The island of St. Lucia is situated between 14’ 05’ and 13’ 07’ latitude, and between 60’ 53’and 61’ 05’ W longitude. It is
the second largest island of the group with an area of approximately 238 square miles (616 km2). The closest
neighboring countries are Martinique, 20 miles (32 km) to the north and St. Vincent, 25 miles (40 km) due south. (St. Lucia
Environmental Profile)
Population
The population of St. Lucia was estimated to be 157,490 in 2001. The census revealed that the total population of St.
Lucia has reached 156,635 inhabitants. (St. Lucia Government Statistics Department) This total comprises 77,664 males and
78,971 females. The population is unevenly distributed, with a major concentration found in the districts of Castries and
Gros Islet situated in the North West of the island.
Topography
St. Lucia has a mountainous topography dominated by a central main ridge running almost the length of the island. The
valleys between are broad and flat. These valleys (mainly Cu-de-Sac, Roseau and the Mabouya) together with the area
around Vieux-Fort in the south, account for most of the flat land areas on the island. The highest peaks occur in the southwestern portion of the country with Mount Gimie being the tallest at 3,117 feet (959m) above sea level. The two famous
peaks, Gros Piton and Petite Piton, are also situated along the western coast in the south with a height of 2,619 ft (798m)
and 2,461 ft. (750m) respectively.
Climate
December- May is the driest and coolest time, with day temperatures in the 70- 80 F/23 - 32 C and night temperatures
in the 60- 70 F/15- 27 C. During the hottest time of year (June-August), daytime temperatures can reach the 90
F/32- 37 C. The rainy season is June-November, but don't expect a constant downpour. Rather, there are numerous
short but incredibly intense showers. Trade winds provide breezes year-round, regardless of the season.
St. Lucia Parrot Campaign Summary
“In Saint Lucia, there is the mounting pressure on the natural environment particularly on the land resource base (the
forest). As a result the department experienced a dramatic decline of our parrots (Amazona versicolor). The Forestry
Department is charged with the responsibility to protect and manage all wildlife species; how was that done?
In 1978, a local campaign was conducted on saving the St. Lucia’s parrots followed by the Pride Campaign in 1991. This
campaign educated every school child, community groups, housewives and the man on the street. The parrot locally
known as “Jacquot", became a household name, “Save the Parrot”. This could be seen on billboards, posters, in schools,
banks and churches just to name a few. The laws were changed and the parrot was made the island’s national bird in
1979; a source of national pride. The parrot also features on the coat of arms and is also an important flagship for St.
Lucia’s Rainforest biodiversity”.
Although there are grounds for cautious optimism about the future of the St. Lucia Parrot, based on the research to date
and the sightings of birds in areas never seen before, the department must now take into account that it has been over ten
years since the parrot success has been around. It is time for a new flagship species to emerge as eco- tourism is the
buzz word of the nation.
The Tourist Industry has now become the main economic stay of the Island as an alternative for bananas. Hotel
development (The North East Coast) has taken the spotlight; the dry forest habitat is now under attack, releasing the
pressure from the central rain forest. Another important and rare species, the St. Lucia Iguana is now under threat as a
result of the proposed development along the North East Coast. (Michael Bobb, Deputy Chief Forest Officer)
North East Coast Project Site Focus
The project site i.e. from Grande Anse to Fond’or stretches for approximately 73 sq km along the east coast of the island.
It is estimated that the area comprises approximately 7271 hectares and it is owned by government crown lands, Louvette
estate (500+ acres), Grande Anse Estate (2000 acres), private land owners and a few individuals. (Forestry Department,
Mapping Unit 2007)
The north east coast has a number of unique features which includes archeological and historical sites, low-lying areas
rolling hills, steep cliffs, deep embayment which are the most important turtle nesting areas in St. Lucia. The north east
coast is also characterized for its high rate of endemism and great biological diversity. This area is listed as a proposed
national park under the Systems Plan of Protected Areas.
The nearest human settlements to the project site focus are Desbarras, Garrand, Boguis, Aux Leon and La Perlle. Census
from the Government Statistics Department reveals that these communities have a total population of 3,992 representing
1,940 male and 2052 female.
Infrastructure has been developed to service the communities including roads, electricity and water. The area as a whole
is remote and access to these undeveloped areas has been limited to rugged roads which can be transverse by the use of
a four wheel drive vehicle and hiking trails. There is also an elaborate network foot path throughout the project site. The
northern part of the project site is accessible by way of the Desbarras-Grande Anse road, while the central part is
accessible by the Aux Leon-Louvette road. Figure 1 illustrates north east coast settlements.
Geology and Soils
The soil of the area is of several types.
According to Stark et. al. (1966), five major
soil types predominates in this area; Anse
Clay, Falaise Stony Loam, Franciou Stony
Clay, Delomel Clay and Latille Clay. Falaise
Stony Clay and Falaise Stony Loam are said
to have a very high erosion hazard, while
Anse clay and Delomel have a moderate
erosion hazard.
Latille Clay Loam is considered to be one of
the best soils for agricultural land use in St.
Lucia because of the topography on which it is
located, effective soil depth, texture, structure
and other physical parameters. The main
characteristics of these soils are presented in
table 1.
Table 1
Dominant Soils and their Characteristics in Dennery north to Grande Anse (Stark et al 1966)
Soil type
Drainage
Through
Soil
Moisture
Supplying
Capacity
Factors
Erosion
Natural
Any special
Limiting
Harzard
Fertility
Soil Management
Root
Problems
Penetration
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Falaise
Rapid
Poor
AgglomerHigh to
Low
Erosion control
Stony
Fair
ate at
very
slightly
should not be cultivated
Loam
15” – 20”
high
acidic
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Franciou
Rapid
Poor
AgglomerHigh to
Low
Erosion control
Stony
ate at
very
neutral to
stoniness little
Clay
12” – 24”
high
slightly
agricultural use
acidic
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Anse Clay
Slow
Good
Mottled
Moderate
Low
Drainage erosion
Subsoil
clay
very
control. Low fertility.
below
acidic
6” – 12”
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Latille
Moderate
Good
Almost
High
Almost none.
Nil
acidic
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Delomel
Slow
Fair
Compact
Moderate
Medium
Erosion control
Clay
to
mottled
acidic
difficult soil to work.
very slow
clay 8” – 15’
Drainage in wet periods
BIODIVERSITY
A number of ecosystems occur in the area namely: Forest ecosystem, Mangrove ecosystem and Marine/coastal
ecosystem. These ecosystems have unique functions that sustain livelihoods, species survival and conservation. (St.
Lucia Biodiversity Country Report)
Forest Eco-system
The forest vegetation of the project site is very diverse with a total of 50 tree species. The trees vary in height and size
with the largest trees reaching a maximum height of 15 to 18 meters and a diameter of 30cm dbh (diameter at breast
height). The trees along the coast line are stunted with flat windswept crowns. The development of the trees increases
further from the coast line where the effect of the wind and sea blast is reduced.
The forest type of this area as described by Beard in 1949 comprises Rain Forest, Montane Thicket/Elfin Woodland and
Dry Scrub Woodland.

Rain Forest: These forests are typically three-tiered with a scattered main canopy at 80 – 130 feet (24 – 40
meters) a secondary layer of specific species and a scrub layer. The ground layer is moderately dense and
consists of semi-shrubs, seedlings of the main dominants and ferns. Epiphytes, lianas and climbers are common
throughout the main canopy due to the relative openness of the stands.

Montane Thicket/Elfin Woodland: Montane thicket is found on the prominent mountain peak of La Sociere and
on some of the higher ridges and usually merges with lower montane rain forest at lower elevations. The elfin
woodland consists of gnarled, low growing tree species heavily covered with mosses and epiphytic plants.

Dry Scrub Woodland: The north east coast has extensive areas covered by xerophytic vegetation. This
vegetation is typically scattered , low growing and predominated by Logwood (Haematoxylum campechianum) and
some Acacia (Acacia nilotica)
Mangrove Ecosystem
The Mangroves protect the coastline, support the reefs and seagrass beds and serve as vital habitats. The plant type in
this mangrove is dominated by the red, white and black mangrove. These mangrove plants have adaptations which
enable them to tolerate salt in their tissues. Major threats to the mangroves include deforestation for charcoal production
and poor land use.
There are five mangroves situated within the study area namely, Grande Anse Beach, Anse La Sociere, Anse La
Chaloupe, Anse Louvet and Trou Hal Hal. Both Grande Anse and Anse Louvette mangroves are designated marine
reserves under the Fisheries Act No, 10 of 1984. Deforestation and poor land use is severely affecting the Grande Anse
Mangrove. The three other mangroves occupy small areas but are important in performing vital functions. (St. Lucia
Biodiversity Country Report).
Marine/Coastal Eco-system
The sandy beach of the north east coast is subjected to a number of degrading activities such as sand mining and
garbage accumulation. This area plays a critical role in providing a habitat for a wide range of invertebrates and nesting
sites for leatherback turtles and iguanas.
The reefs off the east coast are less diverse than that of the west coast. These reefs have a comparatively higher algal
cover and coral colonies are generally small. Larger and denser seagrass beds are found off the east coast and like coral
reefs, these habitats have been subjected to stress resulting from silt laden waters due to poor management of human
and natural resources.
Wildlife Species
The north east coast vegetation has undergone significant changes primarily due to impacts associated with agriculture
and development. The results of these impacts have resulted in several endemic species now considered threatened or
endangered. Some of these species and sub-species are of scientific interest as well as a source of our natural pride.
Prominent among these is the St. Lucia Parrot, which as the national bird has become a state symbol. (D. Anthony,
Forestry Department).
Status and conservation requirements of Endemic Species of Wildlife on the North East Coast
Birds
Species
Scientific Name
Population
Estimate
Widespread
and
locally common
Common
Legally
Protected
Yes
St. Lucia Oriole
Contopus oberi
St. Lucia Pewee
Icterus laudabilis
St.
Lucia
Blackfinch
Melanspiza
richardsoni
Widely distributed
Yes
St.
Warbler
Lucia
Dendroica
Dendroica delicate
Yes
Lucia
Camprimulgus
otiosus
Widespread
and
common in all
habitat types.
A rare species
occurring mainly in
the north-east
St.
Nightjar
Yes
Yes
White Breasted
Thrasher
Ramphocinclus
brachyrus
About 1100
Yes
St. Lucia Wren
Tryglodytes aedon
Restricted
to
specific habitats
Yes
Over 800 in the
wild
Yes
St. Lucia Parrot
Amazona versicolor
Conservation Requirements
IUCN Conservation Status
Threats include brood parasitism by
the shiny cowbird
Continued protection
Near threatened (2000)
Habitat management to ensure the
presence of dense vegetation and
thick cover where species occur.
Continued protection
Habitat protection and predator
control.
Requires dry scrub
woodland in coastal areas.
-----
Endangered
Least concern (2004)
Critically Endangered
Habitat protection and predator
control. Protection of scrub habitat
lining dry river valleys between
Petite Anse in the north to Louvette.
Habitat protection. Restricted to
coastal shrub along the north east
coast between Louvet and Marquis.
On the pitons in Soufriere and
under threat by habitat clearance.
Habitat protection. Restricted to
rain forest areas with lush habitat.
Endangered (2005)
Conservation Requirements
IUCN Conservation Status
Habitat
control
Endangered (M. Morton,
Durell Wildlife Preservation
------
Vulnerable (2000)
Source: Donald Anthony, Forestry Department
WWW.IUCN
Reptiles
Species
St.
Iguana
Scientific Name
Lucia
Iguana iguana
Population
Estimate
About 1000
Legally
Protected
Yes
protection
and
predator
Trust 2004)
St.
Lucia
Anolis
St.
Lucia
Pygmy Gecko
St. Lucia Worm
Snake
St. Lucia Boa
Constrictor
St. Lucia Viper
Anolis luciae
Sphaerodactylus
microlepis
Leptotyphylops
bilineata
Constrictor oraphias
Abundant
everywhere
Common in rain
forest
Widely distributed
Common in some
areas
Bothrops caribbaeus Common in some
areas
Source: Donald Anthony, Forestry Department
IUCN Red List
No
-----
No
Not assessed
No
Need legal protection
-----
Yes
Continued Education
Not assessed
No
Continued Education
Not assessed
Land Use
The North East Coast has been and still is utilized by people of the surrounding communities for a number of reasons
including charcoal production, broom making etc.; these uses are summarized in Table 3 (appendix). Many of the land
uses are traditional and have been under an open access system that led to excessive exploitation of the natural
resources, including the forest and forest products. This trend has continued on the north east coast for centuries, where
lands are de-surfaced of forest vegetation for many reasons bringing out a change in the vegetation type or change in the
use of the land. (North East Coast Draft Report 2007)
This type of action has affected the habitat of wildlife and impacted on their population. This is evident in this area where
three (3) species of birds, the St. Lucia Nightjar (Caprimulgus otiosus), the St. Lucia Wren (Troglodytes aedon), the
White- Breasted Thrasher (Ramphocinus brachyurus) and the St. Lucia Iguana (Iguana iguana) were common and are no
longer well distributed. These species are only found on the north east coast, where they occupy this limited habitat and
are considered endangered due to habitat destruction.
Current National Land Use Policy
The island economic development is integrally linked to the use of its natural environmental resource base. Land in
particular has been and continues to be the platform for all human activities, linked to their economic, social and political
well being.
Until recent years, agriculture has been the major source of economic development and this has been based on its use of
the natural resource base. With the expansion of tourism, construction and other economic activities in the last decade,
this has been linked to exploitation of the resource.
The strategy for more efficient use and management of the islands natural and environmental resources need to be
designed within a larger sustainable development framework. This requires a multi sectoral and multi-institutional
approach to policy and strategy. A sustainable development approach is an appropriate strategy for minimizing policy
conflicts and provides a balance between the need for a long-term development perspective and the right to a safe and
protected environment. (Forestry Department, 2007)
Human Induced Threats
A wide range of human activities directly impact the north east coast. Some of these activities may be officially
authorized, while some are done illegally or as a result of ignorance, for example indiscriminate setting of fires.

Pollution: The high use of ago-chemicals produces contamination of ground water and soil which can adversely
affect the marine eco-system. Indiscriminate disposal of garbage along the coast are major sources of pollution.

Shifting Cultivation: The communities on the north east coast carry out shifting cultivation. This is compounded
by the use of fire as part of the land clearing process. The most immediate effect of shifting cultivation is the
destruction and fragmentation of habitat types and forest. These areas have extremely fragile soils and if they are
not managed properly will lead to severe erosion problems and habitat destruction.

Sand mining: The north east coast is a prime target site for illegal sandmining because it is located in remote
areas and this makes surveillance by relevant authorities difficult. Efforts have been made to reduce sandmining
practices such as importing sand and alternate aggregates e.g. pumice.

Invasive Alien Species: Invasive Alien Species (IAS) in the terrestrial environment represents one of the greatest
threats to the island ecosystem and the biodiversity contained therein. Along with the over exploitation of natural
resources, marine pollution and the physical alteration or destruction of habitats, IAS are causing impacts to the
environment, global industry and human health. However, unlike many other types of impacts, invasions are
largely irreversible and eradication extremely costly.
In the area under study a number of IAS have caused the decline of many indigenous and some endemic species.
Listed below are the known invasive species found in the area.






Red Palm Mite
Varroa Mite
Giant African Snail
Cane Toad
Mongoose
Scinax Rubra (South American tree frog
Added to this are domesticated species such as goats, pigs and cats that have gone feral.


Poaching and Illegal Hunting: A moratorium on turtles was declared by the Department of Fisheries in 1996 as a
result of high levels of illegal slaughtering and harvesting of eggs mainly on the Grande Anse beach. The
Department of Fisheries in collaboration with the Naturalist’s Society (SLNT) conducts a number of turtle watch
monitoring activities and there has been an increase in the number of nesting turtles observed for Grande Anse.
However, illegal slaughtering and harvesting of eggs is difficult to control since this is a remote area.

Firewood and Minor Forest Produce: The collection of firewood and minor forest produce within the natural
forest causes destruction of the habitat. This activity is done illegally with no consideration for regeneration of the
resources.
Potential Impact
A proposed development of the north-east coast which will include road construction, hotel development and building new
communities could impact negatively on the fragile ecosystems at Louvet and Grand Anse. These activities may result in
degradation and/or destruction of the critical habitat of the threatened and endangered animal life. Some of these species
for example the St. Lucia Iguana are found almost exclusively in this area. Table 3 (Appendix) summarizes the negative
and positive impacts and the possible mitigation of the north east coast proposed development.
Policy, Legislation and Institutional Responsibilities
A number of policy and legislative instruments relating to conservation of biodiversity exist in St. Lucia. Responsibility for
implementing the provisions of these instruments and the management of forest and terrestrial water eco-systems are
shared by a number of public sector agencies including a quasi-government institution and a non-governmental
organization which is the St. Lucia National Trust.
Wildlife Protection Act (1980) No. 9 of 1980: Provision of conservation of wildlife and recommendations for designation
of wildlife reserves, enforcement of hunting regulations.
The Forest Soil and Water Conservation Ordinance (1946) as amended in 1957 and 1983. Management of
forest; establishment of forest reserves, protected forest soil and water conservation programs to protect forested areas.
Fisheries Act (1984) Fisheries Regulation SI (No. 9 of 1994): management and use of fisheries and marine
resources.
Beach Protection Act (1967) amendment No. of 1984: Protection of beaches through permitting system for
beaches.
Parks and Beaches Commission Act (1983) No. 4 of 1983: Provision for the management of public parks,
garden and beaches.
St. Lucia National Trust Act 1979 (No. 16 of 1975): Provision for the preservation of buildings and objects of
historical and architectural value and areas of natural scenic importance.
Land Development (Interim Control Act, 1971): Regulation of unsustainable land development.
STAKEHOLDER MATRIX
Forestry Department
St. Lucia
No.
Participant Description/ Position
Sector:
(Private, NGO,
Government,
Individual,
etc.)
1
Government
Name/Position
Donald Anthony
David Lewis
Ananias verneuil
Key Issues of
Organization/Per
son
Protection of ecosystems in critical
forest habitat
Policy
2
Forestry Dept, Min. of Agriculture
Ministry of Agriculture, Biodiversity
Unit
Government
3
Fisheries Dept, Min. of Agriculture
Government
4
Agriculture
(Farmers)
Unit
Government
Adline Eudovic
Farming practices
5
Ministry of Planning, Sustainable
development
Ministry of Planning, Physical
Planning & Environmental Unit
Ministry of Planning, Physical
Planning
Government
Caroline Eugene/Sus
Development Officer
Donnalyn Charles/Sus.
Development Officer
Christopher Williams/
Planning officer
8
Ministry of Tourism
Government
9
Ministry of Education, Desbarras
Primary School
Government
Alicia Vallace
10
Ministry of Education, Aux Lyon
Primary School
Government
Priscillia Monlouis
6
7
Extension
Government
Government
Anita James/
Biodiversity
Coordinator
Daniel
Medard/
Fisheries Assistant
Marine Reserves
Stakeholder
Contribution
(what the stakeholder may
bring to the meeting)
Technical Knowledge
Advising
Stakeholder Interest
(what the meeting can give
to stakeholder)
Natural
Resource
management/educati
on
Awareness
Technical Assistant on
turtles, sand mining and
mangroves
Knowledge on farming
practices
Resource
management
Sustainable
Development
Sustainable
Development
Plans
for
development/infra
structure
Eco-Tourism
Program
School curriculum,
educational tools
and material
Future development plan
for area, e.g. zoning
Future development plan
for area, e.g. zoning
Plans for development of
infrastructure
Interfacing with other
stakeholders
Interfacing with other
stakeholders
Plan for area and
species present
Tourist Potential
School curriculum,
educational tools
and material
Education methods and
designing
appropriate
activities
Promoting
ecotourism/marketing
Environmental
education
activities
and to be able to
incorporate env. Edu.
in the syllabus
Environmental
education
activities
and to be able to
incorporate env. Edu.
in the syllabus
Education methods and
designing
appropriate
activities
Cooperation in project
implementation
11
Crown Lands Department
Government
Jamie James
Management
Public Lands
12
Ministry of Social Transformation
Government
Jahto Mahal
Community
Development
13
UNESCO
Government
P. Turmel-John/
Secretary General
Education
conservation
and
14
UNESCO
Government
Bernice
Marcellin/
Documentalist
Education
conservation
and
15
Durrell Wildlife Conservation Trust
Researchers
Mathew Morton
Conservation
16
St. Lucia National Trust
NGO
Policy Advocacy
17
Individual, Broom Maker
Individual
Bishnu Tulsie/
Director
Paulina Ferdinand
18
Individual, Farmer (Desbarras)
Individual
Terrance Volney
Farming
19
Individual, Farmer (Aux Lyon)
Individual
Vincent St. Marthe
Farming
20
Individual, Fisherman (Desbarras)
Individual
Julian Louis
Fishing/Craftstman
Land Use and the status
of species on farm lands
Land Use and the status
of species on farm lands
Knowledge of Land
21
Individual, Private Land Owner
(Desbarras)
Individual
George Jules
Management
Private land
of
Status of species
private lands
on
22
Individual, Private Land Owner
(Aux Lyon)
Individual
Alan George
Management
Private land
of
Status of species
private lands
on
Important issues and
knowledge
23
Individual,
Representative
Sand Miner
Individual
Mathew Francois
on
Individual
Romiel Antoine
Knowledge
community
Sand Mining
Potential for community
to support the project
How livelihood will be
affected
Information
on
threats
Possible alternatives
that exist and the
change
to
more
sustainable practice
24
Community
of
Potential acquisition of
Grande Anse
Social aspects of area
Discuss the man and
biosphere concept that
will
contribute
to
conservation
and
protection
Discuss the man and
biosphere concept that
will
contribute
to
conservation
and
protection
Technical
Assistant/biological data
Advocacy/Influencing
Policy
Opportunity to articulate
their stake
Broom Making
Information
for
acquisition
justification
Opening avenues i.e.
eco-friendly ways for
employment
Information on the
various resources that
need protection.
Information on the
various resources that
need protection.
Species
Conservation/effect
on species
Justification for policy
advocacy
How the project will
positively affect their
livelihood
Important issues and
knowledge
Important issues and
knowledge
Positive
effect
of
project
on
their
livelihood
Important issues and
knowledge
25
Desbarras Turtle
Representative
26
Watch
Group
CBO
Fendley Estaphane
Turtle Watching
Oleon Development Committee
CBO
Philbert Antoine
Community
development
Improve turtle watching,
using conservation to
improve livelihoods
Knowledge
on
community skills, issues
27
Caribbean
Network
Environmental
Youth
NGO
Crisy Darcheville
Environmental
related activities
Participating
in
environmental activities
28
Maybouya
Club
Valley
Environmental
CBO
Mallines Herman
Environmental
related activities
Participating
in
environmental activities
Provide opportunity
for Networking and
re-enforcement.
Community
Project
planning
and
implementing
Volunteering services
Volunteering services
Initial Concept Model and Narrative
The stakeholder’s meeting was held on Thursday October 4th 2007 at the Forestry Department Conference room with a
total of twenty three participants. The target condition for this concept model is the North East Coast Forest and Wildlife.
A number of threats which directly impact the target condition were identified including sand mining, top soil removal, poor
agricultural practices, pollution, physical development, deforestation and bush fires.
Poaching seems to be a serious threat. Although persons may be aware of the laws, this illegal continues because of
person’s apathetic attitude and the demand for the product and lack of law enforcement in this area. Species targeted by
poachers include the St. Lucia iguana and the leatherback turtle.
The north east coast has been and still is used by Saint Lucians for many purposes. Many of these land uses are
traditional (Latanye’ harvesting for broom making etc.) and can be sustained if managed effectively. On the other hand
some extractive uses such as sand mining and top soil removal cannot be sustained and are a serious cause of concern.
Likewise driving vehicles on the beach sand destroys nests and seems to be a serious threat.
Stray animals are a direct threat to the target condition. These stray and feral domestic animals such as cows, goats,
pigs, dogs and cats, destroy vegetation and habitats. There is also direct predation of nesting birds and nesting iguanas.
Pollution is also noted with the large group of pigs.
Another direct threat is the proposed development on the north east coast. This development is being proposed by
private land owners, namely the Grande Anse & Louvette estate owners. This proposed development will result in
extensive forest clearing for road and hotel construction. This activity will have a negative impact on the ecosystem and
will also result in the destruction of the habitat of many of the endangered and threatened wildlife.
Lack of discussion with the community has led to the insufficient understanding between resource conservation and
sustainable livelihood. There is the urgent need to engage the public regarding the future vision for the land.
Iyanola is the proposed name for the iguana flagship mascot for the Pride Campaign. It symbolizes St. Lucia and it
means “the land of iguanas” believed to be widespread on the island before European colonization. Since it now seems
restricted to the tropical dry forest of the north east coast, it can provide us with a “flagship” that will capture the
uniqueness of this area which is of great biodiversity.
Land Acquisition
Challenges
Lack of Land use
Plan
Limited Financial,
Institutional,
Technical
and
Human Resources
Squatting
Poverty
Unemployment
Lack
of
Discussion with
Stake Holders
Insufficient
Understanding
between
Resource
Conservation
and
Sustainable Livelihood
Pollution
Poor Agricultural
Practices
Road
Development
Deforestation
Tourist
Development
Lack
of
Awareness
Population
Hunting
Poaching
Physical Development
Topography
Driving on
Beach Sand
Sustainable
Livelihood
Attitude
Climate
Change
Bush Fires
Greed
Lack
of
Enforcement
Political
Business Cycle
Indirect
Factors
Contributing
Factors
North East Coast
Forest and Wildlife
Top Soil Removal
Inadequate
Resources
Direct Factors
Natural
Disaster
s
Sand Mining
Increase
Apathetic
Stray Animals
Location
Accessibility
First Stake Holders Meeting Photos