Download Bringing Scale to DRM: Organization of Eastern

The Global Facility for Disaster
Reduction and Recovery
Niels Holm-Nielsen
Lead Disaster Risk Management Specialist
Bringing Scale to Disaster Risk Management:
the Eastern Caribbean
Eastern
Caribbean
2
Photo Credit: http://www.geographicguide.com/caribbean-map.htm
Socio-Economic Profile of OECS
Population, total
GDP (US$ million)
GDP growth (annual %)
GDP per capita (US$)
Gross government debt (% of GDP)
AB
89,985
1,230
0.6
13,669
94.2
DOM
72,003
505
(0.8)
7,011
75.1
GRE
105,897
834
1.8
7,876
109.8
SKN
54,191
743
2.0
13,710
103.1
SLU
182,273
1,332
(0.5)
7,309
79.6
SVG
109,373
725
2.8
6,634
74.0
Malta
423,282
9,642
2.9
22,780
71.7
Key: AB – Antigua and Barbuda, DOM – Dominica, GRE – Grenada, SKN – Saint Kitts and Nevis, SLU – Saint Lucia, SVG – Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Source: World Bank Development Indicators, 2013; IMF World Economic Outlook, October 2014
Photo Credit: http://www.mrwallpaper.com/saint-lucia-landscape-wallpaper/
3
1970s-1990s: Early World Bank
Disaster related Engagement =
Recovery
3 Projects: Dominica, Saint Kitts & Nevis, Saint Lucia
Total Financing: US $18.9 Million
In 1979, Hurricane David hit Dominica,
causing $45 million in damages,
approximately 117% of GDP
Photo Credit: National Geographic
Phase 1
2000 – 2009: World Bank engagement now encompasses Risk
Reduction and Financial Protection
1970 – 1999
2000 – 2009
Risk Identification
Disaster Management Project in
St. Lucia ($10.5 million)
Risk Reduction
Preparedness
CCRIF Established ($10 million
WB capital contribution)
Financial Protection
Resilient Recovery
Phase 2
Emergency Recovery Projects in
3 countries (US$18.9M)
Emergency Recovery Projects in
3 countries (US$46.9M)
GFDRR Grant (US$150,000) in 2009 allowed for improved
understanding of client context
Better Understanding of Countries Needs
Political environment
To provide technical support
to Eastern Caribbean
countries to identify and
prepare DRM and climate
resilience programs
National priorities
Local capacity
Concerns about climate change
Frustrations with regional approaches
Phase 2
GFDRR Grant leveraged additional sources of funding and deepened
partner relationships
Donors, UN
& Banks
Science &
Knowledge
NGOs
Caribbean
• DFID, EU, CDB, IDB, JICA, GIZ, Mexico, CIDA, CIFPPCR, UNDP, PAHO.
• UWI, USACE, NASA, ESA, CCCCC
• The Nature Conservancy, MoSSaiC
• CCCCC, OECS Sec., CDEMA, CCRIF
Phase 3
2009 GFDRR Grant
2009 GFDRR Grant (US$150,000) catalyzed critical outcomes
Phase 3
Leveraging additional financing
Fostering long-lasting partnerships
Reducing infrastructure vulnerability
Improving community & citizen
engagement
Building regional capacity
Phase 3
Through MoSSaiC, the vision for proactive landslide risk
management is shared, championed, and owned by the
communities themselves, not only by the government or
implementing agency.
Phase 3
In Dominica, technical assistance financing by GFDRR enabled use of
new technology for shelter prioritization for vulnerability reduction
Prioritizing Shelters for
Vulnerability Reduction:
•
Conduct Structural
Vulnerability Assessment
annually prior to
hurricane season
•
Evaluate shelter amenities
and establish minimum
standards
•
Train technical staff in
remote sensing, GIS and
network analysis
Phase 3
“This [DaLA] report serves as a reminder and proof of the
Government’s resolve and commitment to risk reduction as well
as the well-being of our people. The Government recognizes the
necessity to better understand our climate and disaster risk
context, and will do our best to reduce this risk and improve
resilience across all sectors.”
~ The Honorable Dr. Ralph Gonsalves, Prime Minister, SVG
Phase 3
12
Potential export of a Caribbean Success: CCRIF to cover Central
America
Objectives:
- Improve affordability of high
quality sovereign catastrophe
risk transfer associated with
earthquakes, tropical
cyclones and excess rainfall
- Enhance capacity of the
ministries of finance to
develop and implement
disaster risk financing and
insurance strategies
Phase 3
Improved engagement resulted in increased investment in DRM
Investment in DRM in OECS countries (US$millions)
$200.0
$150.0
$100.0
$50.0
$0.0
1970 - 1999
Dominica
Phase 3
2000 - 2009
Grenada
St. Kitts and Nevis
2010 - 2014
St. Lucia
SVG
2010 – 2014: Countries prioritization and financing of DRM is now
more comprehensive and spans all 5 pillars
1970 – 1999
2000 – 2009
Hazard Maps, GeoNode,
Engineering Association
Risk Identification
DRM Project in St. Lucia
(US$10.5M)
Risk Reduction
Financial Protection
Phase 3
Slope Stabilization, Coastal
and River Defense
Shelter Assessments,
Retrofitting Emergency
Shelters
Preparedness
Resilient Recovery
2010 – 2014
Emergency Recovery
Projects in 3 Countries
(US$18.9M)
CCRIF Established
Emergency Response
Component
Emergency Recovery
Projects in 3 Countries
(US$46.9M)
Damage and Loss
Assessments
Subsequent GFDRR funding enabled further technical assistance
Dominica (2)
St. Lucia (1)
Regional (5)
Grenada (3)
St . Lucia (1)
SVG (3)
Regional (2)
Dominica (1)
St. Lucia (1)
Regional (2)
Total of ~US$7.86 million in GFDRR Funding over time
Phase 3
Grenada (3)
St. Lucia (2)
SVG (3)
Regional (1)
What’s Next?
Vision 2030: What will it take to
reduce risk by 50 percent?
Vision 2030 involves measuring risk reduction at a national level
Asset Inventory &
Management System
Risk Baseline
Risk Assessment
Modeling Platform
Disaster
Evaluation of Risk
Reduction
Alternatives
Risk Reduction
Investments
Vision 2030: What will it take?
Total Risk
Risk-informed economic
growth
Cost-efficient risk
reduction and prevention
Cost-efficient financial
protection for residual risk
Maximum
bearable loss
Bringing Scale to Disaster Risk Management:
the Eastern Caribbean
Niels Holm-Nielsen
Lead Disaster Risk Management Specialist
World Bank Group
Dennery Beach, Saint Lucia – now protected by a breakwater that has helped regenerate the
lost beach.