Download Tectonics Quiz Topics

Tectonics Quiz Topics:
What are the plate boundaries? Name and draw side views.
Oceanic-Oceanic Convergent (OO-C)
Oceanic-Continental Convergent (OC-C)
Oceanic-Oceanic Divergent (OO-D)
Oceanic-Oceanic Transform (OO-T)
Transform Boundary is circled (between the two ocean ridges--See the fracture zones)
Continental-Continental Convergent (CC-C)
Continental-Continental Divergent (CC-D)
Continental-Continental Transform (CC-T)
What is the force that moves the crustal plates?
Convection currents in the earth’s mantle move the crustal plates. Hot
mantle material (less dense) rises and cool mantle material (more dense)
falls.
Convection currents change direction depending upon where heat has built
up in the mantle.
How are oceanic and continental crust different?
Two distinct types of crust
Continental Crust
Characteristic
Oceanic Crust
THICK: 35-50 km
Thickness
THIN: 5-12 km
Granite and Rhyolite(light)
Composition
Basalt and Gabbro (dark)
to 3.8 billion years old
Geological age
to 200 million years old
2.7 or less times that of water
(or times that of a 7th grader)
Density
3.0 or more times that of water
(or times that of a 7th grader)
Ave. +1,000 meters above sea level
Elevation
Ave. - 3,000 meters below sea level
No
Remelted and destroyed
Yes
Yes
Deformed/Metamorphosed
No
33%
Current distribution
67%
Bonus: Describe and give examples of how plate boundaries can change from one type to another type.
See steps in your Wilson Cycle Diagrams
What types of landforms do you find at specific types of plate boundaries? Give examples where possible.
OO-C
OC-C
CC-C
Volcanic island arcs like Indonesia.
Volcanic mountain arcs like the Andes
Mountains like the Himalayas
Trenches
Mountains and the Cascades Range.
Rock deformed and metamorphosed.
Subduction zones
Trenches
Deep rock melts into magma, but cools before it
Crust melting into magma.
Subduction Zones
gets to the surface (minimal volcanic activity).
Big earthquakes like the one that caused the 2004 Crust melting into magma.
Earthquakes can be destructive (like the one in
Tsunami in the Indian Ocean.
Biggest earthquakes in recorded history: 9.4 in China a couple years ago).
Explosive volcanoes like Krakatau.
Chile.
Bits of ocean crust get scraped up as oceans close
Felsic (goopy) goopy magma with lots of silicon Explosive volcanoes like Mt. St. Helens in
and get caught between CC-C.
and feldspar.
Washington State.
First stage in converting oceanic crust into
Felsic (goopy) magma with lots of silicon and
continental crust: Eventually becomes OC-C!
feldspar.
At the edge of a closing ocean. Eventually will
be the site of CC-C
OO-D
CC-D
Mid-ocean ridges form.
Starts with upwarping.
Magma rises and forms volcanoes and fissure flows.
Rift valleys form and spread.
Earthquakes.
Volcanoes like Mt. Tom and Mt. Kilimanjaro (east Africa) form.
Lava is from the mantle and is runny and mafic (lots of magnesium and Earthquakes.
iron)
Block fault mountains form on edges.
OO-D boundaries are in every ocean around the world.
If it keeps growing, CC-D will eventually become OO-D!
Mid-Atlantic Ridge runs through Iceland and the new volcanic island of Connecticut Rift Valley is a failed rift valley because it didn’t keep
Surtsey.
growing!
OO-D boundaries start out as CC-D boundaries that kept growing and
came in contact with the sea.
OO-T
These form mainly around mid ocean ridges and OO-C boundaries.
They are perpendicular to the OO-D and OO-C boundaries.
As the plates slide past each other, friction makes earthquakes.
Volcanoes are NOT formed by these plate boundaries.
CC-T
San Andreas Fault in California is the most familiar to us.
As plates slide past each other, friction makes earthquakes.
The plates lock up and then break, creating a lot of earthquakes.
Volcanoes are NOT formed by these plate boundaries.
What kinds of evidence supports the theory of plate tectonics? Know at least 3 of these.
Explain how sea floor spreading supports the theory of plate tectonics.
Evidence of sea floor spreading shows that the ocean plates have moved away from the mid-ocean ridges over time. This has created new oceanic
crust and moved the continental plates further apart.
Explain how glacial deposits support the theory of plate tectonics.
Glacial deposits on different continents are the same age as each other and allow us to match the continents up like a jigsaw puzzle.
Explain how continental shapes support the theory of plate tectonics.
The continents on each side of the Atlantic Ocean have shapes that clearly fit together. Since this is true for a large area, it is probably NOT a
coincidence and the continents must have once been next to each other.
Explain how rock layers support the theory of plate tectonics.
Rock layers have been found in several continents that match up with each other. They break off at the edge of one continent and start up again at
the edge of another one. They can help us match of the jigsaw pieces of the continents.
Explain how fossil discoveries support the theory of plate tectonics.
Similar fossil deposits have been found on different continents. They are of organisms that could not have crossed oceans, so the continents must
have been connected at one time. The locations of the fossils helps us find out how to match of the jigsaw pieces of the crust.
Explain how mountain ranges support the theory of plate tectonics.
Mountain ranges of the same age and style stop at the edges of some continents and then continue on other continents. The mountains must have
once been together in a larger mountain range. The locations of the mountain ranges help us find out how to match of the jigsaw pieces of the crust.
Explain how magnetic fields support the theory of plate tectonics.
Magnetic fields in the ocean crust preserve a record of the changes in the earth’s magnetic field over time. As one moves out from the center of the
mid ocean ridges, the patterns of magnetic fields matches up symmetrically on both sides. This tells us that the sea floor was being created at the
same time on each side of the mid ocean ridge.
Tectonics Quiz Topics:
What are the plate boundaries? Name and draw side views.
Oceanic-Oceanic Convergent (OO-C)
Oceanic-Continental Convergent (OC-C)
Continental-Continental Convergent (CC-C)
Oceanic-Oceanic Divergent (OO-D)
Continental-Continental Divergent (CC-D)
Oceanic-Oceanic Transform (OO-T)
Continental-Continental Transform (CC-T)
What is the force that moves the crustal plates?
How are oceanic and continental crust different?
Continental Crust
Characteristic
Thickness
Composition
Geological age
Density
Elevation
Remelted and destroyed
Deformed/Metamorphosed
Current distribution
Bonus: Describe and give examples of how plate boundaries can change from one type to another type.
Oceanic Crust
What types of landforms do you find at specific types of plate boundaries? Give examples where possible.
OO-C
OC-C
CC-C
OO-D
CC-D
OO-T
CC-T
What kinds of evidence supports the theory of plate tectonics? Know at least 3 of these.
Explain how sea floor spreading supports the theory of plate tectonics.
Explain how glacial deposits support the theory of plate tectonics.
Explain how continental shapes support the theory of plate tectonics.
Explain how rock layers support the theory of plate tectonics.
Explain how fossil discoveries support the theory of plate tectonics.
Explain how mountain ranges support the theory of plate tectonics.
Explain how magnetic fields support the theory of plate tectonics.