Download II. Sedimentary Rocks

Fragments
of
rock get broken
down into
sediments
Sediments are
transported,
compacted, and
cemented into
rock
1.
2.
3.
ARE USUALLY FORMED
IN A WATERY
ENVIRONMENT.
OFTEN LAYERED
ARE THE ONLY ROCKS
THAT CONTAIN
FOSSILS
Fossil formation
http://www.classzone.com/books/earth_science/terc/conte
nt/visualizations/es2901/es2901page01.cfm

Sedimentary Rocks
are formed at or near
the Earth’s surface
when sediments are
compacted and
cemented together.
forming Strata –
layers of rock
Clastic
•Form from
sediments
compacted and
cemented together.
•Identified by the
size of their
fragments
Crystalline/Chemical
• Form from the
evaporation of sea
water and
precipitation of
minerals. (when
water evaporates
and minerals are left
behind.
Bioclastic/organic

Form from
the remains
of once living
things (shells
and plants)

Clastic- made by compaction and cementation
of sediments.



Identified by the size of their fragments
Biolclastic (organic)- made from living things
such as shells and plants ex: (limestone and
coal)
Chemical (crystalline)- formed when water
evaporates and leaves behind the minerals to
harden (ex: halite – rock salt)

Usually only one mineral

Generally these rocks are formed from one
mineral
Rock salt
(halite)
Rock gypsum- made
from gypsum
Bituminous coal- fossil fuel
Formed from plant remains in
Swampy areas- most are millions
Of years old
Limestone- made from
Mineral calcite and
Fragments of shells
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What type of rock is made of particles
.05 cm?
What type of rock is made of particles .1
cm?
What is the chemical composition of
bituminous coal?
What rock is formed from biological
remains or precipitation?
What is the grain size of siltstone?
What are evaporites?



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Sediments: Weathered fragments (pieces) of other
rocks that range in size from pebbles, sand silt and
clay.
Clastic Sedimentary Rocks: rocks made of sediments
compacted and cemented together.
Crystalline/Chemical sedimentary rocks; rocks that
form when minerals solidify (precipitate) out of an
evaporated solution.
Bio-clastic sedimentary rocks: rocks made of once
living things.