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General Addition Rule Topic 15: Conditional Probability, Expected Value, and Strategy in Sports CCLS standards Interpreting Categorical and Quantitative Data Summarize, represent, and interpret data on two categorical and quantitative variables. Summarize categorical data for two categories in two-way frequency tables. Interpret relative frequencies in the content of the data (including joint, marginal, and conditional relative frequencies). Recognize possible associations and trends in the data. Conditional Probability and the Rules of Probability Understand independence and conditional probability and use them to interpret data Construct and interpret two-way frequency tables of data when two categories are associated with each object being classified. Use the two-way table as a sample space to decide if events are independent and to approximate conditional probabilities. Use the rules of probability to compute probabilities of compound events in a uniform probability model Apply the Addition Rule, P(A or B) = P(A) + P(B) – P(A and B), and interpret the answer in terms of the model. Homework 2 General Addition Rule Name: ____________________________ Probability & Statistics Date: _____ CW/HW#70 1. In the 2010 – 2011 regular season, fans at Chicago Bulls games won a free Big Mac if the Bulls scored at least 100 points. The two-way table below summarizes the outcomes of each of the Bulls’ 41 home games and whether or not the fans got a free Big Mac. Suppose that we randomly select one Bulls home game in 2010 – 2011. a. What is the probability that a fan at the game witnessed a win and got a free Big Mac? b. Interpret the probability that you calculated in part (a). If a fan were to attend lots and lots of Bulls home games, then the Bulls would ____ and the fan would win a ______ about _____% of the time. c. What is the probability that a fan at the game witnessed a win or got a free Big Mac? d. What is the probability that a fan at the game neither witnessed a win nor got a free Big Mac? General Addition Rule 2. In the 1953 season, pitcher Robin Roberts of the Philadelphia Phillies was one of the best pitchers in baseball. He started 40 games and had a quality start (QS) in 27 of them. A quality start for a pitcher is any game where he throws at least 6 innings and gives up at most 3 earned runs. The table below shows the Phillies’ outcome for each of his 40 starts and whether or not Roberts had a quality start. a. Create a two-way table to summarize the results of Roberts’s starts. b. If you were to randomly select one of the games that Roberts started, what is the probability that he had a quality start or that his team won the game?