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Seminar on
Climate Forced Migrants: Human Rights Perspective
Need New Protocol under UNFCCC
3 December 2011
CoP-17, UNFCCC, December,2011
Background
• Environmental refugees ‘promises to rank as one of the
foremost human crisis of our times’ (Myers, 1997)
•
200 million people may be displaced by disruptions of the
monsoon system and other rainfall regimes, by droughts of
unprecedented severity and duration, and by sea-level rise and
coastal flooding (Myers, 2005)
•
by 2050 “one in every forty-five people in the world” will have
been displaced by climate change (Brown, 2008)
• 1 meter SLR would cause -146 million (Anthoff et al,2006)
Migration dynamics in Bangladesh
MIGRATION
Disasters acting as
trigger event for
migration:
Climate Change
adding further
pressure:
1. Water scarcity due
to salinity ingress
General causes of migration:
1. River erosion
2. Temp rise
1. Underlying causes
2. Flood
3. Erratic rainfall
social factors
3. Cyclone and storm
4. SLR
economic factors
4. Land slide
All resulting in more
migrants
2. Dynamic pressure
5. Drought
urbanization
employment
3. Unsafe condition
Source: Amin, A, 2011
TIME
Climate Change and Migration
: Some Critical observations/references-current and future perspectives
• Case Study-1 (Flood Prone): A study indicates that 28per cent
of the sampled households had at least one migrant and 83
percent reported that unemployment due to frequent floods
was the main reason for family members to leave.
• Case Study -2 (Cyclone and Storm Surge): The most recent
cyclone, Aila, displaced 76,478 families from Satkhira and
Khulna alone
• Case Study-3 (Coastal Zone): 1 meter Sea-level rise would
cause 13 million to 40 million people displaced(Smith, 2007)
•
Source: IOM, 2008
Global Recognition- Recent Development
•
Cancun
Agreement
2010
“Measures
to
enhance
understanding, coordination and cooperation with regards to
climate change induced displacement, migration and planned
relocation,
where
appropriate
at
national,
regional
and
international levels” [CP-16, Para-14 (f)]
•
Country Vulnerable Forum Declaration, 2011 “Aware that
climate change induced displacement of people is a major
concern and their relocation
puts enormous pressure on
infrastructures and service facilities; and furthermore, largescale displacement has the potential to transform into security
concerns (CVF, 2011)
Climate Forced Migration
How do we address better?
•
Policy into action
•
Support to “ Planned Relocation” of the vulnerable communities
•
Social, cultural and economic rehabilitation of the climate forced
migrants (Universal Natural Person-please don’t bracket our future!)
•
Legal framework, under the United Nations Framework Convention
Climate Change (UNFCCC)
Thank You All
www.equitybd.org