* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download Low Voltage System Configuration
Stray voltage wikipedia , lookup
Electrical substation wikipedia , lookup
Electric power system wikipedia , lookup
Pulse-width modulation wikipedia , lookup
Telecommunications engineering wikipedia , lookup
Audio power wikipedia , lookup
Ground loop (electricity) wikipedia , lookup
Variable-frequency drive wikipedia , lookup
Electrification wikipedia , lookup
Ground (electricity) wikipedia , lookup
History of electric power transmission wikipedia , lookup
Three-phase electric power wikipedia , lookup
Power electronics wikipedia , lookup
Amtrak's 25 Hz traction power system wikipedia , lookup
Buck converter wikipedia , lookup
Single-wire earth return wikipedia , lookup
Power engineering wikipedia , lookup
Voltage optimisation wikipedia , lookup
Power over Ethernet wikipedia , lookup
Alternating current wikipedia , lookup
Power supply wikipedia , lookup
Low Voltage Power Requirement of TOF FEEs. • Maximum 110 Watts/tray @ 4.8 Volts @ tray. • Low Noise: Periodic and Random Distortion (PARD) < few mVRMS • Floating outputs. • Shielded power cables (optional). • • • • • • • Independent supplies/tray. Regulation: Not critical (linear regulation on FEE cards). Remotely controlled and monitored. Safety: Interlocked and adhere to STAR/BNL safety. Rack mounted Relatively low cost. Good efficiency. Tray Low Voltage System Configuration Wiener ½ MEH Module + - < 23 Amperes @ 4.8 Volts (110 watts/tray) + sense wire - sense wire To Tray DC power cable 6 AWG (40 mW ) < 100 feet Total of 120 MEH pods arranged in 10 PL512 mainframe chassis + Wiener 1/2 MEH Module - Tray (load) STAR magnet (ground) < 23 Amperes @ 4.8 Volts (110 watts/tray) + sense wire - sense wire To Tray DC power cable 6 AWG (40 mW ) < 100 feet Tray (load) STAR magnet (ground) LV Electrical Connection Details Assuming 100 feet cable length and no other potential drops. (Note: the cables in the system will be variable lengths, and less than 100') Regulated Low Noise, Switching power Supply With floating outputs black (hot) V 6.63 D Large ferrite beads (Optional) Positive DC wire High current crimp lug connectors I < 22.92 A 6 AWG cable V 5.715 D D green (ground) 1K-10K isolation/safety resistor Chassis 6 AWG cable DC return wire V 0.915 D Shielded twisted pair with drain wire (optional: the drain conductor attached to the shield may be grounded to tray ground without too much noise pickup as long as the 10K resistor isolates it from ground at the power supply end - to prevent ground loops) = Fuse Interlock and other control signals not shown Chassis and magnet ground are connected via low impedence paths. Tray internal connection (green wire) All trays are connected to each other sequentially via the green wire which connects to magnet ground. it is desirable to have each tray grounded directly Tray Vmin 4.8 V Sense wires white (neutral) + - P=110 watts Magnet Ground LV power Supply Arrangement in the Full size Racks 40 U •Total power dissipated by each tray ~ 110 Watts •Total Power dissipated outside power supply [53 Watts dissipated in each transmission cable] (trays + cables) ~ 163 Watts •Total heat dissipation per ½ MEH module (assuming 83% efficiency) ~ 34 Watts •Total Heat Dissipation per power supply mainframe ~ 408 Watts •Total heat dissipation per full rack ~2.5 KW •Available cooling power/rack (3 heat exchangers) ~ 3.6 KW 1U Empty slot 1U Ethernet Switch 1U Air Intake (empty slot) PL512 3U 1U Air Intake (empty slot) 1U FAN Tray 1U Heat Exchanger 1U Filter 1U Air Intake (empty slot) PL512 3U 1U Air Intake (empty slot) PL512 3U 1U Air Intake (empty slot) 1U FAN Tray 40U 1U Heta Exchanger 1U Filter 1U Air Intake (empty slot) PL512 3U 1U Air Intake PL512 3U 1U Max. output power per mainframe chasis: 3 KW (power factor 0.96; Vmax = 208 V; Imax=15 A) 3U 1U 1U 1U http://www.wiener-d.com/products/20/73.html Air Intake PL512 Air Intake FAN Tray Heta Exchanger 1U Filter 1U Air Intake (empty slot) 1U Breaker box Comparison of Various Power Supply Choices The estimated costs per channel do not include rack costs (if one includes the additional costs then switching power supply costs are the lowest) >24 racks 9 racks 3 racks Details of Low Voltage Supply Connections DC power cable 6 AWG (0.4 W/1000' ) < 23 Amperes @ 4.8 Volts (110 watts/tray) ~ 80 feet Wiener PL512 Interlocked 208 Volt AC @ 16 Amp. ½ of one + MEH module ½ of one + MEH module - + sense wire Ethernet (or CAN) Control/monitoring Slow control interface Tray (load) < 23 Amperes @ 4.8 Volts (110 watts/tray) + sense wire To Tray - sense wire STAR magnet (ground) Tray (load) STAR magnet (ground) DC power cable 6 AWG (0.4 W/1000' ) ~ 80 feet 6 MEH modules/PL512 ½ of one + MEH module ½ of one + MEH module - To Tray - sense wire Cable lengths vary: 80’ -100’ DC power cable 6 AWG (0.4 W/1000' ) < 23 Amperes @ 4.8 Volts (110 watts/tray) ~ 80 feet + sense wire To Tray - sense wire Tray (load) < 23 Amperes @ 4.8 Volts (110 watts/tray) + sense wire To Tray - sense wire DC power cable 6 AWG (0.4 W/1000' ) ~ 80 feet Wiener PL512 based low voltage power supply system for TINO based TOF FEE. (only one out of 10 units shown) STAR magnet (ground) Tray (load) STAR magnet (ground) Power Supply Noise Characteristics Load: 100 A @ 5 Volts Comparison of Noise Rates in TOF5: Linear Supply vs. Wiener PL508 TOF System Resolution from Off-Line Analaysis Kepco Linear (red curve) vs. Wiener (blue curve) (March 2005 Cu-Cu) Slow Control for the TOF Low Voltage System Local Ethernet Segment Ethernet Ethernet switch PL512 STAR Slow CTRL Data Stream This figure shows tray power supplies only. There is an additional power supply mainframe for the Start detector FEEs and TDIG boards (and a few spares). 6 PL512 mainframes Block Diagram of TOF Low Voltage Control System 6 PL512 mainframes EPICS Based Slow CTRL TOF High Voltage System Requirements. • High Voltage to provide symmetric HV up to +/- 7.5 KV @ few uA/tray (this current takes into account Beam on condition scaled to RHIC upgrade luminosities). • Remote programability/monitoring: Voltage, current limits, ramping rates, voltage and current monitoring (10 nA resolution). • Isolation: power supply outputs must be floating. Furthermore, since one set of plus and minus outputs supply current for up to 10 trays tray inputs are isolated from other trauys to avoid interference. • HV will be interfaced to STAR interlock system. • Remote control software will be based on EPICS (or LabView) and will be interfaced to STAR controls (logging and alarms). Choice of HV Power Supply. • CAEN SY127 mainframe with A631 pods has been used to supply HV to MRPCs (some problems have been encountered during last two runs - failed A631 modules). • Each SY127 accommodates 10 A631 pods. Each A631 pod (negative and positive output versions available) supplies 4 independent floating channels. Each output could supply up to 8 KV at 100 uA. (One fully equipped SY127 would serve the entire TOF system). Output current limited internally and also by external limiting resistors located @ distribution boxes. • Distribution boxes located on the magnet will fan out each pair of + and – HV to up to 10 trays. These boxes will supply required isolation, filtering, current limiting and grounding of the HV (see figure on the next page). • CPE Italia SPA (rated ~20 KV) cables (HV RG-58) will be used for HV distribution. These cables have been flame tested by Phenix Collaboration. • Kings (or Reynolds equivalent) ) 1065 series 10 KV (DC tested to 25 KV) will be used to interface the HV to power supplies, distribution boxes, and the trays. (The new Reynolds equivalent connectors are rated at 15 KV @ approximately the same cost). • Remote control and monitoring of the SY127 will be done through CAENET (PC based A1303 PCI-HS CAENET controller already used to control HV system in the past few years). High Voltage System CAEN SY127 HV Supply Chassis [one of two required units shown] Interlock High Voltage Distribution Box (1 of 12 units shown) I max 100 A “small value” tray ground isolation resistors (optional) Neg. Ch, 1 HV Coax Cable Pos. Ch, 6 Ityp 1 A To one TOF tray Negative HV Coax Cable Pos. Ch. 1 I max 100 A Only one pair of total of 10 pairs shown Positive HV Coax Cable Magnet Ground 6 cables 3 A631N, -8KV modules (including spares) 12 indep., floating channels Up to 100 uA per channel Neg. Ch. 6 6 cables CAEN NET bus 3 A631P, +8KV modules (including spares) 12 indep., floating channels Up to 100 uA per channel HV Coax Cable Current limiting and filtering HV resistors (10 M ~ 100 M) LabView GUI for SMD TCP/IP-based HV Control Program for CAEN SY1527 Mainframe Developed by UCLA. Arrangement of Supplies in Half Height Racks. 25 U 25 U 2U Empty slot 3U 25 U Empty slot 4U 3U 1U Fan Tray 1U Heat Exchanger 1U Air Filter 1U Air Intake (panel only) 5U 4U 1U Air Intake (panel only) 3U 5U 1U Air Intake (panel only) 1U Fan Tray 1U Heat Exchanger 1U Air Filter 1U Air Intake (empty slot) 25 U 25 U 1U 3U 1U 25 U 4U Air Intake (panel only) Air Intake (empty slot) 5U 4U 3U 1U Fan Tray 1U Fan Tray 1U Fan Tray 1U Heat Exchanger 1U Heat Exchanger 1U Heat Exchanger 1U Air Filter 1U Air Filter 1U Air Filter 1U Air Intake (empty slot) 1U Air Intake (empty slot) 1U Air Intake (empty slot) 1U Interlock/Com. Unit 1U Interlock/Com. Unit 1U Interlock/Com. Unit Linear Regulated Supplies Ferroresonant power supply Wiener power supply Total of 30 racks required Total of 8 racks required Total of 3 racks required