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Latin 2 Final Exam Study Guide 1. How do you know what declension a noun is in? 2. How do you know which endings to put on an adjective? 3. Decline “small person” parvus-a-um + homo, hominis (m) S P Nom. Gen. Dat. Acc. Abl. Decline “every friend” omnis, omne + amicus, amici (m) S Nom. Gen. Dat. Acc. Abl. P Decline “long time” longus-a-um + tempus, temporis (n) S P Nom. Gen. Dat. Acc. Abl. Decline “huge horse” ingens, ingentis (gen) + equus, equi (m) S P Nom. Gen. Dat. Acc. Abl. Decline “brave soldier” fortis, forte + miles, militis (m) S Nom. Gen. Dat. Acc. Abl. P Verb Synopsis Principal parts -- culpo, culpare, culpavi, culpatus – to blame Person, #, gend.: 3rd pl. Masc. Stems: Present__________ Perfect__________ Participial______________ Present Future Pluperfect Perfect Future perfect Active Passive Active Imperfect Passive Perfect System Present System Indicative Mood Participles x Present Perfect Future Passive Active Passive Present Active Infinitives X Imperative Mood Singular Plural Verb Synopsis Principal parts -- pono, ponere, posui, positus – place Person, #, gend.: 1st plural fem Stems: Present__________ Perfect__________ Participial______________ Present Future Pluperfect Perfect Future perfect Active Passive Active Imperfect Passive Perfect System Present System Indicative Mood Infinitives Active Active x Present Perfect Future Passive X Passive Present Participles Imperative Mood Singular Plural Verb Synopsis Principal parts -- audio, audīre, audivi, auditus – to hear, listen to Person, #, gend.: 1st sg. Neut. Stems: Present__________ Perfect__________ Participial______________ Present Future Pluperfect Perfect Future perfect Active Passive Active Imperfect Passive Perfect System Present System Indicative Mood Infinitives Participles x Present Perfect Active Passive Passive Present Active X Future Imperative Mood Singular Plural Fill in the Personal Pronouns 1st person 2nd person nos 3rd person pronoun: is Ea id Translate the bolded pronoun in each sentence: 1. Eum video 2. Ab eā ambulo. 3. Donum tibi non dabimus. 4. Eorum canis est crassus. 5. Scisne eos? 6. Is est pulcher. vos Relative Pronouns M F N Singular Nominative Quae Genitive Dative Cui Accusative Ablative Plural Nominative Quae Genitive Dative Quibus Accusative Ablative Which of the interrogative pronoun forms are different from relative pronouns? Complete these demonstrative pronoun charts: M Nom F N M F N haec Gen harum Dat Acc abl Hōc M F N M F Nom Gen illius Dat Acc Illīs illum abl Write out the reflexive pronoun chart: N History Section Circle the correct answer 1. What year did the monarchy in Rome end and the Republic begin? a. 753 BC b. 510 BC c. 476 BC d. 10 AD 2. What year did the Republic come to an end? a. 753 BC b. 510 BC c. 27 BC d. 10 AD 3. What does SPQR stand for in Latin? 4. What is a Pyrrhic victory? a. A victory in which there are elephants b. A victory in which the Romans lose c. A victory in which the victor loses so much it’s not worth it d. A victory in which the terms of surrender are severe and build resentment 5. What sacred animal was ignored and “caused” the Romans to lose a battle in the 1st Punic war? a. The sacred bunnies b. The sacred lions c. The sacred fishes d. The sacred chickens 6. Who was the Carthiginean general in the 2nd Punic war? 7. Who were the members of the 1st Triumvirate? 8. Crassus and Pompey disagreed about which of them was more responsible for quashing a slave revolt led by WHOM? 9. What did Caesar say as he crossed the Rubicon? a. The die has been cast b. Divide and conquer c. All roads lead to Rome d. Et tu, Brute? 10. Who were the members of the 2nd Triumvirate? 11. What Egyptian queen did Marc Antony turn against Rome for? 12. What title was Octavian given by the senate when he became the first emperor? Match the English translation to the Latin term (write the letter) 1. Ergo A. The method of operating; way of doing things 2. Persona non grata B. Therefore 3. Amor vincit omnia C. An unwanted or unwelcome person 4. Curriculum vitae D. At the man 5. Rigor mortis E. By heads; per person 6. Per capita F. Doctor of law 7. Alter ego G. Master of the Arts 8. Tempus fugit H. “he has asserted;” a sworn statement 9. Ante bellum I. After this, therefore because of it 10.M.A. (Magister artium) J. Another I; another persona 11.J.D. (juris doctor) K. Art for the sake of art 12.Ars gratia artis L. Before the war 13.Alumni M. Course of life; resume 14.Post hoc ergo propter hoc N. Love conquers all 15.Carpe diem O. Pupils; graduates 16.Post mortem P. Seize the day 17.Verbatim Q. Something which must be remembered 18.Modus operandi R. The stiffness of death 19.Ad hominem S. Time flies 20.Affidavit T. Word for word 21.Memorandum U. After death Roman Army Knowledge Test: If you were a Roman soldier… 1. What would you wear under your leather kilt? a. Nothing b. Underpants c. Fig leaves Nomen mihi est______________________ 2. How long would you have to stay in the army once you joined? a. 25 years b. 5 years c. the rest of your life 3. How tall did you have to be? a. Over 1.8 meters (5 feet, 10 inches) b. Between 1.6 and 1.8 meters c. Under 1.6 meters (5 feet, 3 inches) 4. What would you use instead of toilet paper? a. A sponge on the end of a stick, dipped in cold water b. Your tunic c. The daily newspaper 5. Your spear (pilum) had a 60cm metal head that would snap off after it hit something. Why? a. So the enemy couldn’t pick up the spear and throw it back? b. So you could put the metal head in your pocket when you were marching c. Because the Roman engineers couldn’t make the heads stay on 6. Why would the army doctor not notice your screams as he treated your wounds? a. Because he enjoyed making you suffer b. Because he was trained to go on without paying attention to a soldier’s cries c. Because the Romans only employed deaf men as doctors Answer the following questions in your own words Nomen mihi est______________________ 1. In the early days of the Roman Republic, the Romans came up against the Greek king, Pyrrhus. The Greek strategy was to go into battle led by elephants. The elephants would charge at the Romans, trample them and send them running. But the Romans learned quickly. At the battle of Beneventum they found a way to face an elephant charge…and win! What did they do? 2. Some of the young men in the conquered lands did not want to fight in the Roman Army. It meant leaving their homes, farms, and families to fight (and maybe die) in some distant corner of the world. The young men cut off the thumb of their right hand so they couldn’t hold a sword. If they couldn’t hold a sword then they wouldn’t be expected to fight in the Roman army. The Roman generals realized that all of these thumbless young men were trying to outwit them. What was their solution? 3. What is decimation? 4. Who was Boudicca and why is she important? 5. Describe in detail what is going on in the picture to the right Nomen mihi est______________________ Translation Section Translate the sentences: (on the exam there will be 5) Hercules, Alcmenae filius, olim in Graeciā habitabat. Hic omnium hominum validissimus erat. Sed Iuno, deorum regina, Alcmenam odiebat et Herculem etiamtum infantem interficere temptavit. Itaque duas serpentes misit. Hae in Alcmenae cubiculum, Hercule dormiente, serpserunt. Frater eius clamavit se esse territum, sed Hercules parvus statim serpentes digitīs cepit et earum colla compressit. Tum Alcmena audivit et vidit Herculem ridentem monstrare serpentes mortuas. Post multos annos, Hercules cum uxore, Megarā, et liberīs vitam agebat. Subito Juno eum in furorem egit et uxorem liberosque eius occidit. Brevi tempore ad sanitatem reventus, propter malum Hercules magno cum dolore movebatur. Itaque ad oraculum Delphicum advenit, rogaturus auxilium. Postquam Hercules huic narraverat familiam necari a se, Pythia per quam Apollo dicebat iussit Herculem petere regnum Eurysthei. Eurystheus illi de decem laboribus conficiendīs narravit. De hīs laboribus multum a poetīs scriptum est, sed multa quae poetae narrant non possunt credi. Unus ex laborīs erat occidere leonem in Nemeā cuius cutis erat durus ut robor. Post longum tempus Hercules, collum eius bracchiīs tenitus, eam interfecit. Leone necato, Hercules cutem per vitam gerebat. Labores octo postea confecit: cum centauribus et equīs ingentibus pugnabat, tum Eurystheus dixit, “Neca hydram quae est immanis serpens. Uno capite secto, dua capita revenient.” Hercules eam occidere non poterat solus, itaque puer ei auxilium dedit. Propter dolum Eurystheus iussit eum conficere duos plus labores. Hercules cepit poma aura, quae filiae Atlantis tegebant. Atlas erat stultus itaque Hercules fugit cum pomīs. Summus labor omnium erat capere Cerberum. Laboribus omnibus iam confectīs, Hercules erat laetus per tempus longum. Aut eratne? Centaurus, Nessos, uxorem novam Herculis decepit. Ei dicit, “Audi mea verba monenta. Hercules te non amabit nisi hoc illi dabis.” Sanguinem eius dedit, et illa in tunicā Herculis posuit. Ab uxore deceptus, Hercules occissus est. Eheu! In fine, Hercules a Iove in Olympum portatus est. Vocabulary Nomen mihi est______________________ *Agere vitam – to lead a life Atlas, Atlantis (m) – Atlas (remember, the dude who had to hold up the world…) Clamo, clamare, clamavi, clamatus – shout, exclaim Comprimo, comprimere, compressi, compressus – squeeze, crush Cubiculum, cubiculi (n) – bedroom cutis, cutis (f) – hide, skin Decipio, decipere, decepi, deceptus – trick, deceive dolor, doloris (m) – grief, pain dolus, doli (m) – trick, deceit durus –a –um – hard, tough Etiamtum (adv) – even then Finis, finis (m) – end Gero, gerere, gessi, gestus – wear, manage Iupiter, Iovis (f) – Jupiter Mortuus-a-um – dead Nessos, Nessotis (m) – Nessos, a centaur whom Hercules would kill Odio, odire, odivi --- -- hate Parvus –a –um – small, little Pereo, perire, perivi, peritus – perish plus – more Pomum, pomi (n) – apple Rideo, ridēre, risi, risus – smile, laugh robor, roboris (n) – oak Sanguis, sanguinis (m) – blood sanitas, sanitatis (f) – sanity seco, secare, secui, sectus – cut, sever, slice Serpens, serpentis (f) – snake, serpent Serpo, serpere, serpsi, serptus – crawl, glide, creep Tempto, temptare, temptavi, temptatus – try Territus-a-um – scared, afraid Validissimus –a –um – strongest