Download Organs and Organ Systems

Organ Systems
Animals, Plants and
Interdependence
Organs?
• What is an organ?
– Organized group of tissues that performs a specific
function.
 Atoms
 Molecules
 Cells
 Tissues
 Organs
 Organ systems
 Organisms
Animal Organs
• 4 types of tissues:
– epithelial, connective, muscle and nervous
• Example: Skin – largest organ in your body
– Protects inner cells from damage, acts as defense,
insulates, releases heat and excretes wastes
– Epidermis is outer layer and acts as protective layer
• Epithelial tissue
– Dermis is connective tissue, nervous tissue and muscle
tissue
• Connective – blood and blood vessels, fat for insulation
• Nervous – tissue to detect pain, pressure, heat and cold
• Muscle - goosebumps
Plant Organs
• 4 types of tissues:
– epidermal, ground, vascular and meristematic
• Organs in a plant are:
– root, leaf, stem and flower or fruit
• Example: Leaf – where photosynthesis happens
– Vascular tissue – water to and within the leaf, sugar
produced to the rest of the plant
– Epidermal tissue – holes called stomata facilitate gases
– Ground tissue – mesophyll is where photosynthesis
happens
Animal Organ Systems
• There are 11 main organ systems in the human body
– integumentary, digestive, respiratory, circulatory and excretory
• Example: Digestive Organ System
– Tube within a tube in which absorption takes place
• Small intestine into the bloodstream
• Earthworm – food in the mouth, muscular contractions move it
to the crop  muscular gizzard  intestines  anus
• Fish – teeth to grab prey  stomach  digestion in intestine
 anus
• Frog – teeth and tongue to grab prey  pressure of swallowing
to get food into gullet  esophagus  stomach  intestines
 cloaca
Animal Organ Systems
• Integumentary
– skin (epidermis and dermis)
– accessory structures (horns, antlers, hooves, quills, claws and nails
• Respiratory
– Obtain oxygen and release carbon dioxide
– Trachea  bronchus  bronchioles  alveoli  bloodstream
• Circulatory
– Arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, veins, heart, blood
• Excretory
– Kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra and skin
– Filters waste products from the blood and maintains water and
electrolytes
Plant Organ Systems
• Root System and Shoot System
– Shoot – everything above the
ground
– Root – everything below the
ground
• Example of Interdependence
– Water flow
• Root pressure
• Capillary action
• Transpiration pull
Homeostasis
• Maintaining an internal steady
state and organ systems work
together to facilitate this
• Example of interdependence:
• Your circulatory system works to
get blood to all parts of your body
and the reason is to get oxygen to
all cells and wastes away.
Additionally, nutrients that have
been absorbed by the digestive
system are passed to the cells of
your body via the circulatory
system.
Interdependence of Organs
• Think of how the following all interact with each
other. Provide an example of an activity with an
explanation.
• Integumentary
• Circulatory
• Respiratory
• Skeletal
• Muscular
• Nervous
Problems With Organ Systems
• Circulatory System
– Pulse – 60-80 bpm
– Blood pressure – 120/80mm of Hg
• Systolic and diastolic pressures
• Excretory System
– Urine test
– Kidneys remove urea, water and other wastes from blood
• White blood cells in urine indicate an infection in the excretory
system
• Too little urine may mean kidneys are not working effectively
• Too much urine may mean pancreas is not working effectively
• Prescription and illegal drugs as well as performance enhancers