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检索时间：2008.1.3 出版时间：2007 143 条 <RECORD 1> Accession number:071110482717 Title:Microwave-assisted four-component, one-pot condensation reaction: An efficient synthesis of annulated pyridines Authors:Yan, Chao-Guo; Cai, Xi-Mei; Wang, Qi-Fang; Wang, Ting-Yu; Zheng, Ming Author affiliation:College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China Serial title:Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry Abbreviated serial title:Org. Biomol. Chem. Volume:v 5 Issue:n 6 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 945-951 Language:English ISSN:1477-0520 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge, CB4 OWF, United Kingdom Abstract:A one-pot, effective synthesis of pyridines by a modified Krohnke procedure is described. Polysubstituted annulated pyridines were synthesized in high yields by four-component, one-pot cyclocondensation reactions of N-phenacylpyridinium bromide, aromatic aldehydes, acetophenones or cyclic ketones in the presence of ammonium acetate and acetic acid, assisted by microwave irradiation. In this procedure, cyclic ketones with two α-CH2 groups yield annulated pyridines with additional α-benzylidene groups, which are derived in situ from double aldol condensation of cyclic ketones with two moles of aromatic aldehydes. This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry. Number of references:41 Ei main heading:Synthesis (chemical) Ei controlled terms:Acetic acid - Aldehydes - Bromine compounds - Condensation reactions - Ketones - Microwaves Uncontrolled terms:Pyridines - Aldols - Cyclic ketones - Aromatic aldehydes Ei classification codes:711 Electromagnetic Waves - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds Treatment:Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1039/b617256c Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 2> Accession number:071210496294 Title:O-Carboxymethylchitosan-based novel gatifloxacin delivery system Authors:Zhu, Aiping; Jin, Wenjie; Yuan, Lanhua; Yang, Gongjun; Yu, Hui; Wu, Hao Author affiliation:College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China Serial title:Carbohydrate Polymers Abbreviated serial title:Carbohydr Polym Volume:v 68 Issue:n 4 Issue date:Apr 23 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 693-700 Language:English ISSN:0144-8617 CODEN:CAPOD8 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Elsevier Ltd, Oxford, OX5 1GB, United Kingdom Abstract:The increase in the treatment efficacy due to the enhanced permeability and retention properties and the decrease in the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) are the vital challenges related to the administration of the antibiotic drugs. In the present paper, we describe a novel delivery system of gatifloxacin (GFLX) from O-carboxymethylchitosan (OCMCS). GFLX is a fourth-generation fluoroguinolone, which has shown promise with excellent activity against both Gram-positive cocci and Gram-negative bacteria both in vitro and in vivo. OCMCS is a biocompatible amphiphilic derivative of chitosan. GFLX could be entrapped into OCMCS by the interaction between OCMCS and GFLX, which was characterized by fluorescence spectrum, transmission electron microscope, and dynamic light scattering techniques. The release behaviors of GFLX from this proposed delivery system in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) solution at 37 °C were studied by fluorescence spectroscopy. The MIC of OCMCS formulation was evaluated. The results demonstrate that the release of GFLX from OCMCS formulation is slower than that from GFLX solution. In vitro bacteria antiproliferative activity assay confirms that the MIC of OCMCS formulation against Gram-negative bacteria is fourfold lower than the system without OCMCS. However, it seems that OCMCS has insignificant effect against Gram-positive bacteria. These results suggest that OCMCS matrix has obvious "transmission effect" on Gram-negative bacteria. © 2006. Number of references:35 Ei main heading:Drug products Ei controlled terms:Bacteria - Biocompatibility - Chitin - Drug delivery - Escherichia coli - Fluorescence spectroscopy Uncontrolled terms:Carboxymethylchitosan - Gatifloxacin - Staphylococcus - Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) Ei classification codes:461.6 Medicine and Pharmacology - 461.9 Biology - 461.9.1 Immunology - 741.3 Optical Devices and Systems - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 941.3 Optical Instruments - 941.4 Optical Variables Measurements Treatment:Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1016/j.carbpol.2006.08.007 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 3> Accession number:071210507737 Title:Study on the inclusion interactions of β-cyclodextrin and its derivative with dyes by spectrofluorimetry and its analytical application Authors:Zhu, Xiashi; Sun, Jing; Wu, Jun Author affiliation:College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China Serial title:Talanta Abbreviated serial title:Talanta Volume:v 72 Issue:n 1 Issue date:Apr 15 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 237-242 Language:English ISSN:0039-9140 CODEN:TLNTA2 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1000 AE, Netherlands Abstract:The inclusion interactions of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) with dyes were developed by spectrofluorimetry, and the inclusion constants of inclusion complexes were determined by direct fluorescence technique. The main factors (the host molecule, the guest molecule, and the pH) for the inclusion interaction were discussed in detail. At the same time, the inclusion interaction of HP-β-CD and vitamin B6 (VB6) was investigated with the competitive fluorescence inclusion method and the inclusion constant of HP-β-CD and vitamin B6 (VB6) was obtained by indirect fluorescence technique. On the basis of the linear relationship between the change of fluorescence intensity (ΔF) and the concentration of VB6, a competitive fluorescence inclusion method was used to the determination of VB6. The method has been successfully applied to the analysis of VB6 in synthetic samples, tablets and injections with satisfactory results. © 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Number of references:21 Ei main heading:Cyclodextrins Ei controlled terms:Derivatives Drug products - Dyes - Fluorometers - Spectroelectrochemistry - Vitamins Uncontrolled terms:Cyclodextrin - Spectrofluorimetry - Competitive inclusion - VB6 Ei classification codes:461.6 Medicine and Pharmacology - 461.7 Health Care - 801.4.1 Electrochemistry - 803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 941.3 Optical Instruments Treatment:Theoretical (THR); Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1016/j.talanta.2006.10.016 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 4> Accession number:071310513867 Title:Adaptive fuzzy control for a class of MIMO nonlinear systems with unknown dead-zones Authors:Zhang, Tian-Ping; Yi, Yang Author affiliation:Department of Computer, College of Information Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China Serial title:Zidonghua Xuebao/Acta Automatica Sinica Abbreviated serial title:Zidonghua Xuebao Volume:v 33 Issue:n 1 Issue date:January 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 96-100 Language:English ISSN:0254-4156 CODEN:ZIXUDZ Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Science Press, Beijing, 100085, China Abstract:A design scheme of adaptive fuzzy controller for a class of uncertain MIMO nonlinear systems with unknown dead-zones and a triangular control structure is proposed in this paper. The design is based on the principle of sliding mode control and the property of Nussbaum function. The approach does not require a priori knowledge of the signs of the control gains and the upper bounds and lower bounds of dead-zone parameters to be known a priori. By introducing the integral-type Lyapunov function and adopting the adaptive compensation term of the upper bound of the optimal approximation error and the dead-zone disturbance, the closed-loop control system is proved to be semi-globally stable in the sense that all signals involved are bounded, with tracking errors converging to zero. Number of references:15 Ei main heading:Fuzzy control Ei controlled terms:Closed loop control systems - Control equipment - Lyapunov functions - Nonlinear systems - Sliding mode control Uncontrolled terms:Dead zone - Adaptive control - Nussbaum function - Tracking errors Ei classification codes:731 Automatic Control Principles and Applications - 732.1 Control Equipment Treatment:Applications (APP) DOI:10.1360/aas-007-0096 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 5> Accession number:071310514029 Title:Effect of shear deformation and rotatory inertia on vibration characteristics of ultrasonic motor Authors:Mo, Yueping; Hu, Minqiang; Jin, Long; Duan, Xiaohui Author affiliation:College of Energy and Power Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China Serial title:Dongnan Daxue Xuebao (Ziran Kexue Ban)/Journal of Southeast University (Natural Science Edition) Abbreviated serial title:Dongnan Daxue Xuebao Volume:v 37 Issue:n 1 Issue date:January 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 56-59 Language:Chinese ISSN:1001-0505 CODEN:DDXZB9 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China Abstract:The basic vibration theories of beams are recommended and applied to analysis and calculation of vibration mode and natural frequency of both ring-type and cylindrical-type ultrasonic motor. The effect of shear deformation and rotatory inertia to the vibration characteristics of ultrasonic motor is investigated. The results show that Bernoulli-Euler beam theory can be used to estimate the vibration characteristic of large diameter ring-type ultrasonic motor, however, to calculate the vibration characteristic of cylindrical-type ultrasonic motor, Timoshenko beam theory must be applied because the effect of shear deformation and rotatory inertia need to be considered. Number of references:15 Ei main heading:Vibrations (mechanical) Ei controlled terms:Calculations - Shear deformation - Ultrasonics Uncontrolled terms:Ultrasonic motor - Vibration characteristics - Rotatory inertia - Natural frequency Ei classification codes:422 Strength of Building Materials; Test Equipment and Methods - 753.1 Ultrasonic Waves - 921 Mathematics - 931.1 Mechanics Treatment:Experimental (EXP) Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 6> Accession number:071810576558 Title:Ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties of bismuth titanate ceramic with different orientation degrees of grain Authors:Mao, Xiangyu; Wang, Wei; Wang, Wei; Chen, Xiaobing Author affiliation:College of Physics Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China Serial title:Kuei Suan Jen Hsueh Pao/ Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society Abbreviated serial title:Kuei Suan Jen Hsueh Pao Volume:v 35 Issue:n 3 Issue date:March 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 312-316 Language:Chinese ISSN:0454-5648 CODEN:KSYHA5 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Chinese Ceramic Society, Beijing, 100831, China Abstract:Several polycrystalline bismuth titanate Bi4Ti3O12(BTO) ceramic samples with different degrees of grain orientation (I) were prepared using the solid state reaction. Under the identical temperature, when the sintering time (2-20 h) increases, the I increases initially and reaches its maximum value of 89.9% then decreases. The ferro-and piezoelectric properties are dependent on the I. The two times of remanent polarization intensity (Pr) and piezoelectric coefficient (d33) of a/(b)-orientation predominant BTO samples increases with the increase of I and the maximum values are 53.4 μC/cm2 and 22.2 pC/N, respectively, while the 2Pr and d33 decreases with the increase of I in c-orientation predominant ones. Number of references:17 Ei main heading:Ceramic materials Ei controlled terms:Bismuth compounds Crystal orientation Ferroelectricity Piezoelectricity Polycrystalline materials - Sintering - Solid state reactions Uncontrolled terms:Bismuth titanate ceramic - Grain orientation - Ferroelectric properties - Piezoelectric properties Ei classification codes:701.1 Electricity: Basic Concepts and Phenomena - 708.1 Dielectric Materials - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 812.1 Ceramics - 933.1 Crystalline Solids Treatment:Experimental (EXP) Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 7> Accession number:073710809030 Title:Effect of Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, or Zn 2+ on properties of polyaniline nanoparticles Authors:Zhou, Su; Wu, Tao; Kan, Jinqing Author affiliation:School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China Serial title:Journal of Applied Polymer Science Abbreviated serial title:J. Appl. Polym. Sci. Volume:v 106 Issue:n 1 Issue date:Oct 5 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 652-658 Language:English ISSN:0021-8995 CODEN:JAPNAB Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:John Wiley and Sons Inc., Newark, NJ 07191-8667, United States Abstract:Uniform polyaniline (PANI) nanoparticles with typical sizes of about 50 nm were electropolymerized on indium tin oxide surfaces in the presence of Co 2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, or Zn2+. According to shaping theory, we first suggest the reason forming PANI spherical particles. Their conductivity, UV-vis spectra, FTIR spectra, X-ray diffraction, and thermogravimetric analysis were investigated. The conductivities and crystallinity of PANI doped with these ions are higher than those of PANI doped with HCl (PAM/HC1). Both UV-vis absorption spectra and FTIR spectra indicate the interactions between Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, or Zn2+ and PANI chains. TG analysis also shows that the thermal stability of PANI doped by Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, or Zn2+ is lower than that ofPANI/ HCl. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Number of references:58 Ei main heading:Positive ions Ei controlled terms:Electropolymerization Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Nanoparticles Polyaniline Scanning electron microscopy - Thermodynamic stability - Thermogravimetric analysis - X ray diffraction Uncontrolled terms:Indium tin oxide - Crystallinity - Shaping theory Ei classification codes:641.1 Thermodynamics - 701.1 Electricity: Basic Concepts and Phenomena 708.2 Conducting Materials 741.1 Light/Optics 761 Nanotechnology 801 Chemistry 815.1.1 Organic Polymers 815.2 Polymerization - 931.3 Atomic and Molecular Physics - 933 Solid State Physics Treatment:Literature review (LIT); Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1002/app.26694 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 8> Accession number:074010846776 Title:Synthesis of poly(o-phenylenediamine) hollow spheres and nanofibers using different oxidizing agents Authors:Han, Jie; Song, Genping; Guo, Rong Author affiliation:School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002 Jiangsu, China Serial title:European Polymer Journal Abbreviated serial title:Eur Polym J Volume:v 43 Issue:n 10 Issue date:October 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 4229-4235 Language:English ISSN:0014-3057 CODEN:EUPJAG Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Elsevier Ltd, Oxford, OX5 1GB, United Kingdom Abstract:Poly(o-phenylenediamine) (PoPD) hollow spheres (ca. 800 nm in outer diameter) were synthesized by a simple solution route using ammonium persulfate (APS) as the oxidizing agent, whereas PoPD nanofibers (0.5-2 μm in width and more than 100 μm in length) and gold nanoparticles (200-500 nm) were obtained when changing the oxidizing agent of APS to chlorauric acid (HAuCl4). The chemical structures of PoPD hollow spheres and nanofibers were characterized by FTIR and XRD spectra. When using HAuCl4 as the oxidizing agent, the products of PoPD nanofibers and gold nanoparticles could be separated by chemical methods. The monomer droplets were proposed to act as template to the formation of polymer hollow spheres while the oriented growth of polymer nanofibers might be catalyzed by gold nanoparticles. © 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Number of references:34 Ei main heading:Amines Ei controlled terms:Coupling agents - Gold - Monomers - Nanofibers - Nanoparticles - Oxidation - Synthesis (chemical) Uncontrolled terms:Chlorauric acid - Hollow sphere - Oxidizing agents - Gold nanoparticles - XRD spectra Ei classification codes:547.1 Precious Metals - 761 Nanotechnology - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 933 Solid State Physics Treatment:Theoretical (THR); Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2007.06.012 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 9> Accession number:065210328104 Title:Structure behaviors of hemoglobin in PEG 6000/Tween 80/Span 80/H2O niosome system Authors:Liu, Tianqing; Guo, Rong; Hua, Wei; Qiu, Jing Author affiliation:School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jinagsu, 25002, China Serial title:Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects Abbreviated serial title:Colloids Surf. A Physicochem. Eng. Asp. Volume:v 293 Issue:n 1-3 Issue date:Feb 1 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 255-261 Language:English ISSN:0927-7757 CODEN:CPEAEH Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1000 AE, Netherlands Abstract:The structure behaviors of Hemoglobin (Hb) are in detail studied by the methods of UV-vis and fluorescence spectra, circular dichroism, negative staining-TEM, FF-TEM and electrochemistry techniques in PEG 6000/Tween 80/Span 80/H2O niosome system. The obtained results show that Hb can be adsorbed and outspread on the surface of the niosome membrane. The intensities of the UV-vis and fluorescence spectra of Hb in Hb/niosome system are greater than those in Hb/H2O system. The structure behaviors of Hb are partially stabilized and protected in Hb/niosome system. With the increase of PEG 6000 content in the niosome system, the content of α-helix structure decreases but the contents of β-sheet and random increase for Hb. The content of β-turn structure is almost independent of PEG 6000 content. The negative zeta potential of Hb and the conductivity of the system all decrease. The zeta potential of the niosome firstly decreases and then increases. © 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Number of references:36 Ei main heading:Hemoglobin Ei controlled terms:Polyethylene glycols - Fluorescence - Electrochemistry - Transmission electron microscopy - Ultraviolet spectroscopy - Electric conductivity Uncontrolled terms:Niosome - Structure behavior - Vesicles - Circular dichroism Ei classification codes:461.2 Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 815.1.1 Organic Polymers - 741.1 Light/Optics - 801.4.1 Electrochemistry - 741.3 Optical Devices and Systems - 701.1 Electricity: Basic Concepts and Phenomena Treatment:Theoretical (THR); Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1016/j.colsurfa.2006.07.053 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 10> Accession number:070910462429 Title:Self assembly of a novel mixed-ligand hydrogen bonding three dimensional supramolecular network [Co(Phmal)(Him)4] Authors:Zhang, Kou-Lin; Kuai, Hai-Wei; Liu, Wen-Long; Diao, Guo-Wang Author affiliation:College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China Serial title:Journal of Molecular Structure Abbreviated serial title:J. Mol. Struct. Volume:v 831 Issue:n 1-3 Issue date:Apr 17 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 114-118 Language:English ISSN:0022-2860 CODEN:JMOSB4 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1000 AE, Netherlands Abstract:A novel supramolecular mixed ligand complex of formula [Co(Phmal)(Him)4] (Phmal = phenylmalonate, Him = imidazole) has been synthesized and characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TG), UV-Vis spectra. X-ray crystallographic studies of the complex reveal that the cobalt atom exhibits a distorted octahedral geometry being coordinated by four nitrogen atoms of Him ligands, two oxygen atoms from the phenylmalonate ligand. The intramolecular C-H [midline ellipsis] π interaction exists in the title complex. The three dimensional supramolecular network is constructed from the strong intermolecular N-H [midline ellipsis] O hydrogen bonds. © 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Number of references:29 Ei main heading:Hydrogen bonds Ei controlled terms:Cobalt - Crystal structure Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy - Infrared spectroscopy - Self assembly - Thermogravimetric analysis - X ray crystallography Uncontrolled terms:Cobalt complex Supramolecular networks Mixed ligand - Phenylmalonate ligand Ei classification codes:549.3 Others, including Bismuth, Boron, Cadmium, Cobalt, Mercury, Niobium, Selenium, Silicon, Tellurium and Zirconium - 714.2 Semiconductor Devices and Integrated Circuits - 741.1 Light/Optics - 801.4 Physical Chemistry - 933.1.1 Crystal Lattice Treatment:Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1016/j.molstruc.2006.07.033 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 11> Accession number:071410529536 Title:Rapid multi dimension hierarchical aggregation algorithm in data warehouse system Authors:Hu, Kong-Fa; Chen, Ling; Gu, Qi; Cai, Jun-Jie; Dong, Yi-Sheng Author affiliation:Dept. of Computer Sci. and Eng., Yangzhou Univ., Yangzhou 225009, China Serial title:Jisuanji Jicheng Zhizao Xitong/Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems, CIMS Abbreviated serial title:Jisuanji Jicheng Zhizao Xitong Volume:v 13 Issue:n 1 Issue date:January 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 196-201 Language:Chinese ISSN:1006-5911 CODEN:JJZXFN Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:CIMS, Beijing, 100089, China Abstract:How to reduce multi-table join, compress the dimension attribute join keywords and effectively aggregate the query data was the key issues for Online Analytical Processing (OLAP) query evaluation. To solve this problem, a novel pre-aggregation algorithm, MDHEPA (pre-aggregation based on the multi-dimension hierarchical encoding), was proposed. By using the small multi-dimension hierarchical encoding and their prefix paths, MDHEPA could rapidly aggregate the clustered fact data, so as to drastically reduce the multi-table join effort and completely remove one or more join operations. As a result, the algorithm could remarkably improve the efficiency of OLAP queries. The analytical and experimental results showed that the MDHEPA algorithm was more efficient than other existing algorithms. Number of references:9 Ei main heading:Data warehouses Ei controlled terms:Algorithms - Data mining - Decision support systems - Encoding (symbols) - Query processing Uncontrolled terms:Online analytical processing - Aggregate operations - Multi table queries - Multi dimension hierarchical encoding - Dimension attributes - Join keywords - Prefix paths Ei classification codes:723.1.1 Computer Programming Languages - 723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing - 723.3 Database Systems - 903.1 Information Sources and Analysis - 903.3 Information Retrieval and Use - 912.2 Management - 921 Mathematics Treatment:Applications (APP); Theoretical (THR); Experimental (EXP) Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 12> Accession number:071510544894 Title:Control for a class of uncertain chaotic systems with nonlinear input Authors:Chen, Jing; Zhang, Tian-Ping; Qian, Hou-Bin Author affiliation:Dept. of Computer, Coll. of Information Engineer, Yangzhou Univ., Yangzhou 225009, China Serial title:Xi Tong Gong Cheng Yu Dian Zi Ji Shu/Systems Engineering and Electronics Abbreviated serial title:Xi Tong Cheng Yu Dian Zi Ji Shu/Syst Eng Electron Volume:v 29 Issue:n 2 Issue date:February 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 269-272 Language:Chinese ISSN:1001-506X CODEN:XGYDEM Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Chinese Institute of Electronics, Beijing, 100036, China Abstract:The tracking problem for a class of uncertain chaotic systems with input nonlinearity is considered. Firstly, a sliding mode controller is presented when all the states and the bounds of the uncertainty are known. Secondly, by assuming that the bounds of the uncertainty are not known and only one state is available for feedback, a extended state observer is used to estimate the unknown information. With the information, a sliding mode controller can be presented to control the chaotic systems. Finally, Numerical simulations are carried out to show the effectiveness of the design based on Duffing oscillator. Number of references:12 Ei main heading:Chaotic systems Ei controlled terms:Feedback - Interfaces (computer) - Oscillators (electronic) Uncontrolled terms:Observer - Nonlinear input Ei classification codes:713.2 Oscillators - 722.2 Computer Peripheral Equipment - 731.1 Control Systems - 921 Mathematics Treatment:Experimental (EXP) Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 13> Accession number:072310641939 Title:Electrochemical synthesis and characterization of poly(pyrrole-co-tetrahydrofuran) conducting copolymer Authors:Li, Ningyuan; Shan, Dan; Xue, Huaiguo Author affiliation:School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China Serial title:European Polymer Journal Abbreviated serial title:Eur Polym J Volume:v 43 Issue:n 6 Issue date:June 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 2532-2539 Language:English ISSN:0014-3057 CODEN:EUPJAG Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Elsevier Ltd, Oxford, OX5 1GB, United Kingdom Abstract:The direct electrochemical copolymerization of pyrrole and tetrahydrofuran in various monomer ratios was carried out by potentiostatic methods in nitromethane solution. The copolymer has been characterized using FT-IR, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermal gravimetrical analysis (TGA), cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and elemental analysis. The results showed that the electrochemical oxidation of pyrrole and tetrahydrofuran comonomers generated true copolymers rather than blends of the two homopolymers. The copolymer showed a better flexibility than pure polypyrrole. The electrical conductivity of the copolymers increases with the amount of polypyrrole in the copolymer between the value of 1.69 S/cm and 0.71 S/cm. © 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Number of references:41 Ei main heading:Conducting polymers Ei controlled terms:Cyclic voltammetry - Differential scanning calorimetry - Electric conductivity Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy Electrochemical oxidation - Electropolymerization - Homopolymerization - Monomers - Scanning electron microscopy - Synthesis (chemical) Uncontrolled terms:Pyrrole - Tetrahydrofuran Ei classification codes:701.1 Electricity: Basic Concepts and Phenomena - 708.2 Conducting Materials - 741.1 Light/Optics - 801.4.1 Electrochemistry - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 815.1 Polymeric Materials - 815.2 Polymerization - 944.6 Temperature Measurements Treatment:Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2007.01.048 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 14> Accession number:072710691831 Title:Decomposition kinetics of FeO42- in various concentrations of NaOH solutions under ultrasonic action Authors:Xu, Wenlin; Meng, Jianjian; Wang, Yaqiong Author affiliation:School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China Serial title:Huagong Xuebao/Journal of Chemical Industry and Engineering (China) Abbreviated serial title:Huagong Xuebao Volume:v 58 Issue:n 6 Issue date:June 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 1461-1465 Language:Chinese ISSN:0438-1157 CODEN:HUKHAI Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Chemical Industry Press, Beijing, 100029, China Abstract:The decomposition kinetics of FeO42- in the aqueous NaOH solutions of 7.0 mol·L-1, 10.0 mol·L-1 and 14.0 mol·L-1 were determined by spectrophotometry with and without ultrasonic action at 500 W and 25 kHz. The results showed that the decomposition followed first-order kinetics and the rate was faster with ultrasonic action than without ultrasonic action. The decomposition activation energies were 52.4 kJ·mol-1, 70.5 kJ·mol-1 and 91.5 kJ·mol-1 without ultrasonic action, and 49.6 kJ· mol-1, 66.6 kJ·mol-1 and 85.9 kJ·mol-1 with ultrasonic action, in the aqueous NaOH solutions of 7.0 mol·L-1, 10.0 mol·L-1 and 14.0 mol·L-1 respectively. The fact that the activation energies increased with increasing concentrations of NaOH indicated that FeO42- was much stable in a higher concentration NaOH solution. The effect of ultrasound on the decomposition kinetics of FeO42- decreased with operating temperature. Number of references:12 Ei main heading:Iron compounds Ei controlled terms:Activation energy Caustic soda Chemical water treatment - Decomposition - Reaction kinetics - Ultrasonics Uncontrolled terms:Decomposition kinetics - NaOH solutions - Ultrasonic action Ei classification codes:445.1 Water Treatment Techniques - 753.1 Ultrasonic Waves - 801.4 Physical Chemistry - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds Treatment:Experimental (EXP) Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 15> Accession number:072910702282 Title:Three-dimensional effects in low strain integrity test of PCC pile Authors:Fei, Kang; Liu, Han-Long; Zhang, Ting Author affiliation:Institute of Geotechnical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China Serial title:Yantu Lixue/Rock and Soil Mechanics Abbreviated serial title:Rock Soil Mech Volume:v 28 Issue:n 6 Issue date:June 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 1095-1102 Language:Chinese ISSN:1000-7598 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Academia Sinica, Wuhan, 430071, China Abstract:The objective of this paper is to present a theoretical evaluation of the capabilities of low strain integrity tests in estimating the pile length and integrity of PCC pile, a type of large diameter thin-wall cast-in-place concrete pile. One-dimensional and three-dimensional finite element modelling are performed to gain an understanding of the dynamic response of intact and defective PCC pile subjected to impulse loads. The three-dimensional effects in low strain integrity test of PCC pile are studied in detail. The result shows that the impact response of a PCC pile is affected by bending vibration, longitudinal vibration and waves reflected between the side boundaries at the surface of pile top. Based on the numerical results, suggested guidelines for selection of the locations of the hammer impact point and the recording point and test results interpretation of this new type of pile are given. Number of references:7 Ei main heading:Piles Ei controlled terms:Concretes - Dynamic response - Finite element method - One dimensional - Strain - Three dimensional Uncontrolled terms:Thin wall concrete pile - Low strain integrity test - PCC pile - Pile length - Impact response - Bending vibration - Longitudinal vibration - Pile top - Hammer impact point Ei classification codes:408.2 Structural Members and Shapes - 412 Concrete - 421 Strength of Building Materials; Mechanical Properties - 921.6 Numerical Methods Treatment:Theoretical (THR) Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 16> Accession number:073110735455 Title:ESR studies of poly(aniline-co-m-aminophenol) in the solid state and nonaqueous solution Authors:Mu, Shaolin; Chen, Chong Author affiliation:Department of Chemistry, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, Jiangsu Province, China Serial title:Journal of Physical Chemistry B Abbreviated serial title:J Phys Chem B Volume:v 111 Issue:n 25 Issue date:Jun 28 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 6998-7002 Language:English ISSN:1520-6106 CODEN:JPCBFK Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:American Chemical Society, Columbus, OH 43210-3337, United States Abstract:The copolymers, poly(aniline-co-m-aminophenol)s, used for the ESR studies were synthesized chemically in the solutions consisting of different concentration ratios of m-aminophenol to aniline. On the basis of the ESR measurements, the unpaired spin (polaron) densities of the copolymers were calculated to be 1.14 × 1019 spins per gram for copolymer-A with the conductivity of 7.02 × 10-6 S cm-1 and 2.03 × 1020 spins per gram for copolymer-C with the conductivity of 2.34 S cm-1. The ESR measurements of the copolymers in the solid states show that the peak-to-peak line width ΔHpp decreases with a decreasing concentration ratio of m-aminophenol to aniline, but the g-value hardly changes. A conversion of Curie spins to Pauli spins for the copolymers is observed as the temperature changes in going from low temperature to high temperature between 136 and 356 K. The ESR studies of the copolymers in a nonaqueous solution first reveal that there are two free radicals in the copolymer, and the unpaired spins in the copolymers arise from nitrogen nuclei. © 2007 American Chemical Society. Number of references:35 Ei main heading:Copolymers Ei controlled terms:Electric conductivity - Paramagnetic resonance - Solid state reactions - Spin polarization - Synthesis (chemical) Uncontrolled terms:Poly(aniline-co-m-aminophenol) - g-value - Unpaired spins Ei classification codes:701.1 Electricity: Basic Concepts and Phenomena - 701.2 Magnetism: Basic Concepts and Phenomena - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 815.1 Polymeric Materials - 932.1 High Energy Physics Treatment:Theoretical (THR); Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1021/jp0705976 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 17> Accession number:073210751798 Title:Effect of Nd modification on electrical properties of mixed-layer Aurivillius phase Bi4Ti3O12-SrBi 4Ti4O15 Authors:Wang, Wei; Gu, Shi-Pu; Mao, Xiang-Yu; Chen, Xiao-Bing Author affiliation:College of Physics Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China Serial title:Journal of Applied Physics Abbreviated serial title:J Appl Phys Volume:v 102 Issue:n 2 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 024102 Language:English ISSN:0021-8979 CODEN:JAPIAU Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:American Institute of Physics Inc., Melville, NY 11747-4502, United States Abstract:The effect of Nd modification on ferro-, piezo-, and dielectric properties of intergrowth Bi4 Ti3 O12 -SrBi4 Ti4 O15 ceramics was investigated. X-ray diffraction and Raman scattering were used to identify the crystal phase and to distinguish the doping sites. With increasing Nd content up to 0.50, both remanent polarization (2 Pr) and piezoelectric coefficient (d33) were found to increase and reach the maximum value of 33.2 μC / cm2 and 14 pC/N, respectively, which gained an enlargement over 1.7 times in 2 Pr and a desirable 75% increment in d33 value. However, further Nd modification starts to deteriorate the ferro- and piezoelectric behavior. Impedance spectroscopy shows the activation energy of conductivity increased with increasing Nd content, which can be regarded as direct proof of the restraint of oxygen vacancies. The thermal variations of dielectric permittivity and loss tan δ with Nd content show the characteristic of diffuse phase transformation while the convincible defect-related relaxation phenomenon was not found. Interestingly, in contrast to La modification, Nd modification does not induce the relaxor behavior even at very high doping content. © 2007 American Institute of Physics. Number of references:48 Ei main heading:Ceramic materials Ei controlled terms:Bismuth compounds - Dielectric properties - Neodymium - Phase transitions Uncontrolled terms:Crystal phases - Doping sites - Piezoelectric coefficient Ei classification codes:547.2 Rare Earth Metals - 801.4 Physical Chemistry - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 812.1 Ceramics - 931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids Treatment:Theoretical (THR); Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1063/1.2753582 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 18> Accession number:073510789474 Title:The simultaneous separation and determination of six flavonoids and troxerutin in rat urine and chicken plasma by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet-visible detection Authors:Yang, Gong-Jun; Liu, Ping; Qu, Xi-Long; Xu, Min-Juan; Qu, Qi-Shu; Wang, Cheng-Yin; Hu, Xiao-Ya; Wang, Zhi-Yue Author affiliation:College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China Serial title:Journal of Chromatography B: Analytical Technologies in the Biomedical and Life Sciences Abbreviated serial title:J. Chromatogr. B Anal. Technol. Biomed. Life Sci. Volume:v 856 Issue:n 1-2 Issue date:Sep 1 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 222-228 Language:English ISSN:1570-0232 CODEN:JCBAAI Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1000 AE, Netherlands Abstract:The method of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with UV-vis detection was used and validated for the simultaneous determination of six flavonoids (puerarin, rutin, morin, luteolin, quercetin, kaempferol) and troxerutin in rat urine and chicken plasma. Chromatographic separation was performed using a VP-ODS column (150 mm × 4.6 mm, 5.0 μm) maintained at 35.0 °C. The mobile phase was a mixture of water, methanol and acetic acid (57:43:1, v/v/v, pH 3.0) at the flow rate of 0.8 mL/min. Six flavonoids and troxerutin were analyzed simultaneously with good separation. On optimum conditions, calibration curves were found to be linear with the ranges of 0.10-70.00 μg/mL (puerarin, rutin, morin, luteolin, quercetin, kaempferol) and 0.50-350.00 μg/mL (troxerutin). The detection limits were 0.010-0.050 μg/mL. The method was validated for accuracy and precision, and it was successfully applied to determine drug concentrations in rat urine and chicken plasma samples from rat and chicken that had been orally administered with six flavonoids and troxerutin. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Number of references:30 Ei main heading:High performance liquid chromatography Ei controlled terms:Acetic acid - Chromatographic analysis - Methanol - Phase separation - Pigments Uncontrolled terms:Flavonoids - Troxerutin - Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography - Rat urine - Chicken plasma Ei classification codes:641.1 Thermodynamics - 801 Chemistry - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 804.1 Organic Compounds Treatment:Theoretical (THR) DOI:10.1016/j.jchromb.2007.06.002 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 19> Accession number:074910961591 Title:Synthesis and Characterization of Rare Earth Complexes Authors:Changhao, Yan; Chunfang, Guo; Ping, Lu; Ming, Zhang; Guanming, Qiu Author affiliation:School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China Serial title:Journal of Rare Earths Abbreviated serial title:J Rare Earth Volume:v 25 Issue:n SUPPL. 1 Issue date:June 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 117-121 Language:English ISSN:1002-0721 CODEN:JREAE6 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Chinese Rare Earth Society, Beijing, 100088, China Abstract:Rare earth (Eu3+) single nuclear chelated with α-methacrylic acid and 1, 10-phenanthroline, as well as the heteronuclear chelated of Eu3+ and La3+ ions, were synthesized. The composition and structure of the rare earth complexes were confirmed by IR, SEM and XRD. The thermal analysis indicated that the heat-stability was improved. Moreover, the fluorescence spectra proved that the complexes had good fluorescence property. The results showed that it was convenient to synthesize series of europium chelate. The complexes exhibited characteristic fluorescence of europium. ion. The sensitization of La3+ could enhance the fluorescence emission intensity of Eu3+ ion. © 2007 The Chinese Society of Rare Earths. Number of references:15 Ei main heading:Complexation Ei controlled terms:Europium - Fluorescence - Lanthanum - Synthesis (chemical) Uncontrolled terms:Rare earth complexes - Europium chelate Ei classification codes:547.2 Rare Earth Metals - 741.1 Light/Optics - 802.2 Chemical Reactions Treatment:Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1016/S1002-0721(07)60537-7 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 20> Accession number:074910965932 Title:Rheological properties and crystallization behavior of multi-walled carbon nanotube/poly(ε-caprolactone) composites Authors:Wu, Defeng; Wu, Liang; Sun, Yurong; Zhang, Ming Author affiliation:School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu 225002, China Serial title:Journal of Polymer Science, Part B: Polymer Physics Abbreviated serial title:J Polym Sci Part B Volume:v 45 Issue:n 23 Issue date:Dec 1 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 3137-3147 Language:English ISSN:0887-6266 CODEN:JPBPEM Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:John Wiley and Sons Inc., Newark, NJ 07191-8667, United States Abstract:Multi-walled carbon nanotube/poly(ε-caprolactone) composites (PCLCNs) were prepared by melt compounding. The rheology, nonisothermal crystallization behavior, and thermal stability of PCLCNs were, respectively, investigated by the parallel-plate rheometer, differential scanning calorimeter, and TGA. Cole-Cole plots were employed successfully to detect the rheological percolation of PCLCNs under small amplitude oscillatory shear. PCLCNs present a low percolation threshold of about 2-3 wt % in contrast to that of clay-based nanocomposites. The percolated nanotube network is very sensitive to the steady shear deformation, and is also to the temperature, which makes the principle of time-temperature superposition be invalid on those percolated PCLCNs. Small addition of nanotube cannot improve the thermal stability of PCL but can increase crystallization temperature remarkably due to the nucleating effect. As the nanotube is much enough to be percolated, however, the impeding effect becomes the dominant role on the crystallization, and the thermal stability increases to some extent. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Number of references:50 Ei main heading:Nanocomposites Ei controlled terms:Biomaterials Crystallization Differential scanning calorimetry Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCN) - Polycaprolactone - Rheology - Thermodynamic stability Uncontrolled terms:Percolation threshold - Oscillatory shear - Crystallization temperature Ei classification codes:462.5 Biomaterials (including synthetics) 641.1 Thermodynamics - 761 Nanotechnology - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 931.1 Mechanics - 933 Solid State Physics - 944.6 Temperature Measurements Treatment:Literature review (LIT); Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1002/polb.21309 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 21> Accession number:070410392546 Title:Effect of methanol on morphology of polyaniline Authors:Zhou, Su; Wu, Tao; Kan, Jinqing Author affiliation:School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China Serial title:European Polymer Journal Abbreviated serial title:Eur Polym J Volume:v 43 Issue:n 2 Issue date:February 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 395-402 Language:English ISSN:0014-3057 CODEN:EUPJAG Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Elsevier Ltd, Oxford, OX5 1GB, United Kingdom Abstract:Constant potential method is used to synthesize polyaniline (PANI) nanofibers in a solution containing methanol. According to shaping theory, the reasons about forming polyaniline nanofibers were suggested. The effects of the synthesis parameters, such as monomer concentration, methanol concentration, HCl concentration, electrode potential, polymerization time, and reaction temperature on the morphology of the PANI films have been investigated. Scanning electron microscopy results was used to characterize the morphology of PANI nanofibers. Both UV-vis absorption spectra and FTIR spectra indicate that there exists interaction between methanol molecules and polyaniline chains. © 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Number of references:27 Ei main heading:Copolymers Ei controlled terms:Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Hydrochloric acid - Methanol - Monomers - Scanning electron microscopy - Synthesis (chemical) Uncontrolled terms:Nanofibers - Polyanilines - Synthesis parameters - Methanol concentration Ei classification codes:741.1 Light/Optics - 801 Chemistry - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 815.1 Polymeric Materials Treatment:Theoretical (THR); Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2006.11.011 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 22> Accession number:071510548302 Title:Phase transition of silver nanoparticles from aqueous solution to chloroform with the help of inclusion complexes of p-sulfonated calix[4]arene and alkanethiol molecules and its application in the size sorting of nanoparticles Authors:Chen, Ming; Diao, Guo Wang; Li, Chun Hui; Zhou, Xiao Ming Author affiliation:College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China Serial title:Nanotechnology Abbreviated serial title:Nanotechnology Volume:v 18 Issue:n 17 Issue date:May 2 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 175706 Language:English ISSN:0957-4484 CODEN:NNOTER Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Institute of Physics Publishing, Bristol, BS1 6BE, United Kingdom Abstract:Silver nanoparticles were synthesized in aqueous solution and capped with an inclusion complex of octadecanethiol (ODT) and p-sulfonated calix[4]arene (pSC4). By vigorous shaking of a biphasic mixture of the pSC4-threaded ODT-stabilized silver hydrosol and chloroform, the phase transition of the silver nanoparticles could be observed in the course of the transition of colour from the aqueous phase to the organic phase. The procedure of phase transition was independently verified by UV-vis spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra, and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). In shaking the biphasic mixture, it was believed that pSC4 molecules were desorbed from the inclusion complex and the protective layer of silver nanoparticles shifted from hydrophilic to hydrophobic, which drove the phase transition of silver nanoparticles from aqueous solution into chloroform. More interestingly, the efficiency in the phase transition of aqueous silver nanoparticles rigidly depended on their sizes, which maybe used in the size sorting of nanoparticles. © IOP Publishing Ltd. Number of references:33 Ei main heading:Nanoparticles Ei controlled terms:Chlorine compounds - Complexation - Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy - Inclusions - Phase transitions - Silver - Solutions - Transmission electron microscopy - Ultraviolet spectroscopy Uncontrolled terms:Alkanethiol Inclusion complexes Octadecanethiol (ODT) - Hydrosols - UV vis spectroscopy Ei classification codes:547.1 Precious Metals - 741.3 Optical Devices and Systems - 761 Nanotechnology - 801.4 Physical Chemistry - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 933 Solid State Physics - 951 Materials Science Treatment:Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1088/0957-4484/18/17/175706 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 23> Accession number:071710575996 Title:Further properties of a certain subclass of analytic and multivalent functions Authors:Liu, Jin-Lin Author affiliation:Department of Mathematics, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002 Jiangsu, China Serial title:Applied Mathematics and Computation Abbreviated serial title:Appl. Math. Comput. Volume:v 187 Issue:n 1 SPEC. ISS. Issue date:Apr 1 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 290-294 Language:English ISSN:0096-3003 CODEN:AMHCBQ Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Elsevier Inc., New York, NY 10010, United States Abstract:The main object of the present paper is to derive several further interesting properties of the subclass Cλ(p, α) which was recently introduced and studied by Aouf et al. [M.K. Aouf, H.M. Hossen, H.M. Srivastava, Some families of multivalent functions, Comput. Math. Appl. 39 (2000) 39-48]. © 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Number of references:10 Ei main heading:Function evaluation Ei controlled terms:Computational methods - Many valued logics Uncontrolled terms:Analytic functions - Hadamard product (or convolution) - Neighborhood of analytic functions - Partial sums Ei classification codes:721.1 Computer Theory, Includes Formal Logic, Automata Theory, Switching Theory, Programming Theory - 921.6 Numerical Methods Treatment:Theoretical (THR) DOI:10.1016/j.amc.2006.08.125 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 24> Accession number:071810576792 Title:Adaptive exchanging strategies in parallel ant colony algorithm Authors:Chen, Ling; Zhang, Chun-Fang Author affiliation:Department of Computer Science, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China Serial title:Ruan Jian Xue Bao/Journal of Software Abbreviated serial title:Ruan Jian Xue Bao Volume:v 18 Issue:n 3 Issue date:March 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 617-624 Language:English ISSN:1000-9825 CODEN:RUXUEW Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100080, China Abstract:Two strategies for information exchange between processors in parallel ant colony algorithm are presented. Theses strategies can make each processor choose other processors to communicate and to update the pheromone adaptively. A strategy is also presented to adjust the time interval of information exchange adaptively according to the distribution of the solutions so as to keep balance between the convergence speed and the diversity of the solutions. The adaptive parallel ant colony algorithm (APACA) based on these strategies adaptively updates the pheromone according to the equilibrium of the pheromone distribution in each information exchange so as to avoid the precocity and local convergence. These strategies are applied to the traveling salesman problem on the massive parallel processors (MPP) Dawn 2000. Experimental results show that the algorithm has higher convergence speed, speedup and efficiency than other parallel ant algorithms. Number of references:23 Ei main heading:Evolutionary algorithms Ei controlled terms:Adaptive systems - Data transfer - Information dissemination - Parallel processing systems Uncontrolled terms:Ant colony algorithm Parallel computation - Adaptive strategy - Information exchange Ei classification codes:722.4 Digital Computers and Systems - 723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing - 723.4 Artificial Intelligence - 921 Mathematics Treatment:Applications (APP); Experimental (EXP) Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 25> Accession number:072710693591 Title:Phase diagram of ternary calcium acetate-magnesium acetate-water system at 298 K, 313 K and 323 K Authors:Zhao, Hong-Kun; Zhang, Dao-Sen; Tang, Cao; Jian, Pan-Ming; Yuan, Shi-Hai Author affiliation:College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, YangZhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225002, China Serial title:Journal of Phase Equilibria and Diffusion Abbreviated serial title:J.Phase Equilib. Diffus. Volume:v 28 Issue:n 2 Issue date:April 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 167-171 Language:English ISSN:1547-7037 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Springer New York LLC, New York, 10013-1578, United States Abstract:The solubility data of the calcium acetate-magnesium acetate-water system at 298, 313, and 323 K were measured using the Schreinemaker's wet residue method, the corresponding phase diagram for the system were constructed. The solid phase in the system at different temperatures was confirmed by the Schreinemaker's wet residue method, which correspond to Mg(CH 3COO)2 [Closed Circle] 4H2O and Ca(CH3COO) 2 [Closed Circle] 2H2O. At the studied temperature, no double salt was formed. The crystalline region of Ca(CH3COO)2 [Closed Circle] 2H2O is larger than that of Mg(CH3COO)2 [Closed Circle] 4H2O. The solubility of Mg(CH3COO)2 increases with the increasing of the temperature, while the solubility of Ca(CH 3COO)2 decreases with the increasing of the temperature. © ASM International 2007. Number of references:20 Ei main heading:Ternary systems Ei controlled terms:Calcium compounds - Magnesium compounds - Numerical methods - Phase diagrams - Solubility - Thermal effects Uncontrolled terms:Wet residue method - Crystalline regions - Magnesium acetate Ei classification codes:531.1 Metallurgy 641 Heat and Mass Transfer; Thermodynamics - 801.4 Physical Chemistry - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 921.6 Numerical Methods - 951 Materials Science Treatment:Theoretical (THR); Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1007/s11669-007-9020-2 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 26> Accession number:072810697728 Title:Indirect adaptive neural network block control using dynamic surface control Authors:Li, Hong-Chun; Zhang, Tian-Ping; Sun, Yan Author affiliation:College of Information Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China Serial title:Dianji yu Kongzhi Xuebao/Electric Machines and Control Abbreviated serial title:Dianji yu Kongzhi Xuebao Volume:v 11 Issue:n 3 Issue date:May 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 275-281 Language:Chinese ISSN:1007-449X Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Editorial Department of Electric Machines and Control, Harbin, 150040, China Abstract:Based on dynamic surface control, a novel design scheme of adaptive neural network controller is proposed for a class of MIMO nonlinear systems which could be turned to 'standard block control type', without inverse gain matrix in this paper. The problem of explosion of complexity in traditional backstepping design, which is caused by repeated differentiations of certain nonlinear functions such as virtual control, is overcome by introducing the first order filter. Moreover, the possible controller singularity in feedback linearization is avoided without projection algorithm. Using Lyapunov method, the closed-loop systems is shown to be semi-globally uniformly ultimately bounded, with tracking error converging to a small neighborhood of origin by appropriately choosing design constants. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. Number of references:13 Ei main heading:Neural networks Ei controlled terms:Adaptive control systems - Closed loop systems - Feedback linearization - Lyapunov methods - Nonlinear systems Uncontrolled terms:Dynamic surface control - Block control - Nonlinear functions - First order filter - Tracking error Ei classification codes:723.4 Artificial Intelligence - 731.1 Control Systems Treatment:Applications (APP) Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 27> Accession number:073110716012 Title:Effect of steady shear on the microstructural evolution of melt-intercalated polymer/clay nanocomposites Authors:Wu, Defeng; Zhou, Chixing; Zhang, Ming Author affiliation:School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225002, China Serial title:Journal of Applied Polymer Science Abbreviated serial title:J. Appl. Polym. Sci. Volume:v 105 Issue:n 4 Issue date:Aug 15 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 1740-1748 Language:English ISSN:0021-8995 CODEN:JAPNAB Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:John Wiley and Sons Inc., Newark, NJ 07191-8667, United States Abstract:A sheet sample composed of poly(butylene terephthalate) and clay prepared by solid-state compression was melt-annealed in a rheometer under steady shear flow to investigate the whole hybridization process. The results of the offline morphology and thermogravimetric analysis as well as Fourier transform infrared characterization show that shear flow can reduce the dynamic process of hybridization, facilitating the formation of an intercalated nanoscale structure. With an increase in the shear intensity, the detachment level of clay increases more remarkably than the swollen degree. However, an increase in the shear intensity does not induce an exfoliated structure but can decrease the average thickness of the clay tactoids, leading to a remarkable enhancement in the thermal stability due to the increase in the effective filling volume of the clay. Furthermore, those intercalated nanocomposites annealed at a high shear rate still present a distinct hierarchical structure, which suggests that steady shear is not as good as dynamic or complex shear for promoting hybridization effectively. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Number of references:22 Ei main heading:Nanocomposites Ei controlled terms:Clay Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy - Polyesters - Rheometers - Shearing - Thermodynamic stability Uncontrolled terms:Melt-intercalated polymers - Intercalated nanoscale structure Ei classification codes:483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 604.1 Metal Cutting - 641.1 Thermodynamics - 761 Nanotechnology - 801 Chemistry - 815.1.1 Organic Polymers - 933 Solid State Physics - 943.3 Special Purpose Instruments Treatment:Theoretical (THR); Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1002/app.26429 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 28> Accession number:073410776748 Title:Dynamic positioning method for parallel machine based on Kalman filtering data fusion Authors:Gu, Ling; Guan, Ronggen Author affiliation:College of Mechanical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China Serial title:Jixie Gongcheng Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering Abbreviated serial title:Jixie Gongcheng Xuebao Volume:v 43 Issue:n 7 Issue date:July 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 195-201 Language:Chinese ISSN:0577-6686 CODEN:CHHKA2 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Editorial Office of Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing, 100037, China Abstract:For the problem of dynamic positioning of a parallel machine (PM), inertial sensing technology to the measurement of moving platform pose is applied. A Kalman filtering based inertial sensing method is proposed for the dynamic pose measurement of a parallel machine. Through Kalman filtering algorithm, the inertial measurement measured by inertial sensors is fused with the external encoder measurement to compensate the dynamic measuring error and computational error, so as to realise accurate pose (positions and orientations) positioning of a PM platform. The modelling procedure of inertial system model and external measurement model in the KF algorithm are introduceed. The deriving process of the relation matrix of measurement variables and state variables is presented. Finally, a simplified experiment for one-axis movement is implemented to validate of the method, and the emulation work is done for the 6 degree of freedom PM pose measurement. The result shows that the proposed algorithm on PM pose determination is valid and effective. Number of references:12 Ei main heading:Dynamic positioning Ei controlled terms:Data fusion - Kalman filters Uncontrolled terms:Parallel machine - Inertial sensors Ei classification codes:723.5 Computer Applications - 731.1 Control Systems Treatment:Applications (APP); Experimental (EXP) Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 29> Accession number:074710935722 Title:Microstructure of Bi3-xNdxTiNbO9 Bismuth Layer-Structured Ceramics Authors:Yafeng, Qian; Xiaojuan, Wang; Jun, Zhu; Xiangy, Mao; Xiaobing, Chen Author affiliation:College of Physics Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China Serial title:Journal of Rare Earths Abbreviated serial title:J Rare Earth Volume:v 25 Issue:n SUPPL. 2 Issue date:June 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 240-243 Language:English ISSN:1002-0721 CODEN:JREAE6 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Chinese Rare Earth Society, Beijing, 100088, China Abstract:The microstructure of Bi3-xNdxTiNbO9(NBTN-x, x = 0.00 [similar to] 0.75) ceramics were studied by X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. Bi3TiNbO9 ceramics bear orthorhombic phase, while the sample with Nd3+ content of 0.75 was determined to be tetragonal phase by X-ray diffraction. Raman spectra revealed that Nd3+ substituted for the Bi3+ in A site rather than in the [Bi2O2]2+ layer, unlike in the case of La3+ doping in Bi3TiNbO9. The tilt of the Ti/NbO6 octahedra decreased with increasing x. Based on the XRD data and Raman results, the overlap of the Raman modes 310 and 360 cm-1, which was ascribed to O-Ti-O bending, demonstrated that the crystal structure underwent the phase transition from orthorhombic to tetragonal when x = 0.75. © 2007 The Chinese Society of Rare Earths. Number of references:11 Ei main heading:Ceramic materials Ei controlled terms:Bismuth compounds Crystal structure Doping (additives) - Microstructure - Phase transitions - Raman scattering - X ray diffraction Uncontrolled terms:Ferroparaelectric - Bismuth Layer-Structured Ceramics Ei classification codes:712.1 Semiconducting Materials - 741.1 Light/Optics - 801.4 Physical Chemistry - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 812.1 Ceramics - 931.3 Atomic and Molecular Physics - 933.1.1 Crystal Lattice - 951 Materials Science Treatment:Theoretical (THR); Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1016/S1002-0721(07)60479-7 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 30> Accession number:074910961781 Title:The self-organization properties of n-dodecylammonium α-glutamate/ n-C5H11OH/water system Authors:Wang, Yongsheng; Guo, Rong; Guo, Xia Author affiliation:School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China Serial title:Colloid and Polymer Science Abbreviated serial title:Colloid Polym. Sci. Volume:v 285 Issue:n 13 Issue date:October 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 1423-1431 Language:English ISSN:0303-402X CODEN:CPMSB6 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Springer Verlag, Heidelberg, D-69121, Germany Abstract:A biocompatible surfactant-n-dodecylammonium α-glutamate (GDA) with biodegradable and biocompatible properties was synthesized, and the phase behavior and the structural properties of GDA/n-pentanol/water system was studied by small-angle X-ray diffraction, electron spin resonance, and freeze-fracture transmission electron microscopy (FF-TEM). In the ternary phase diagram of GDA/n-pentanol/water system, there exist three isotropic regions - O/W, bicontinuous, and W/O structures, and two anisotropic regions hexagonal liquid crystal (HEX), and lamellar liquid crystal (LLC) regions. UV irradiation causes the decrease in the interlayer space, d, of lamellar liquid crystal and in the radius, r, of column aggregates of hexagonal liquid crystal, but it has little effect on the structure of O/W and W/O microemulsions. © Springer-Verlag 2007. Number of references:35 Ei main heading:Microemulsions Ei controlled terms:Anisotropy - Biocompatibility - Lamellar structures - Liquid crystals - Phase diagrams - Surface active agents - Synthesis (chemical) - Ternary systems Uncontrolled terms:Lyotropic liquid crystal - Hexagonal liquid crystal Ei classification codes:801.4 Physical Chemistry - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids Treatment:Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1007/s00396-007-1698-5 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 31> Accession number:071010476123 Title:Trace measurement of phenothiazine drugs in tablets by micellar-enhanced fluorophotometric method Authors:Yang, Gong-Jun; Qu, Xi-Long; Shen, Ming; Qu, Qi-Shu; Wang, Chen-Ying; Zhu, Ai-Ping; Hu, Xiao-Ya Author affiliation:College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China Serial title:Journal of Fluorescence Abbreviated serial title:J Fluoresc Volume:v 17 Issue:n 2 Issue date:March 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 119-126 Language:English ISSN:1053-0509 CODEN:JOFLEN Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Springer New York LLC, New York, 10013-1578, United States Abstract:It was found that in buffer solution of pH 7.0, the addition of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) to the solution of phenothiazine drugs, such as chlorpromazine, promethazine and trifluoperazine, showed a remarkable enhancement of their fluorescence intensity. A further study proved that the phenothiazine drugs can be determined by fluorophotometric method in micellar system. Under optimal conditions, there was a good linear relationship between fluorescence intensity and phenothiazine compounds concentration, and the detection limit of 3.0×10-8 M chlorpromazine, 3.0×10 -8 M promethazine and 1.5×10-8 M trifluoperazine (S/N=3) were also obtained. This method has been used to determine phenothiazine drugs in tablets with satisfactory results. © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2007. Number of references:23 Ei main heading:Drug products Ei controlled terms:Fluorescence - Solutions - Surface active agents - Trace analysis - pH effects Uncontrolled terms:Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) Phenothiazine drugs - Chlorpromazine - Promethazine - Fluorophotometric methods Ei classification codes:461.6 Medicine and Pharmacology - 741.1 Light/Optics - 801 Chemistry - 801.1 Chemistry, General - 803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals Treatment:Theoretical (THR); Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1007/s10895-007-0165-5 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 32> Accession number:071310513615 Title:Influence of suction box on energy characteristics of vertical mixed-flow pumping systems Authors:Zhu, Hong-Geng; Yuan, Shou-Qi; Liu, Hou-Lin; Shi, Wei-Dong Author affiliation:College of Hydraulic Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China Serial title:Jiangsu Daxue Xuebao (Ziran Kexue Ban) / Journal of Jiangsu University (Natural Science Edition) Abbreviated serial title:Jiangsu Daxue Xuebao Ziran Kexue Ban J. Jiangsu Univ. Nat. Sci. Ed. Volume:v 28 Issue:n 1 Issue date:January 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 46-50 Language:Chinese ISSN:1671-7775 CODEN:JDXZA6 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Journal of Jiangsu University (Natural Science Edition), Zhenjiang, 212003, China Abstract:The computational fluid dynamics was adopted to simulate the internal flow of mixed-flow pumping systems with three suction box design schemes. Based on the analysis of the basic flow patterns, the outlet flow conditions of the three suction boxes and energy characteristics of the corresponding pumping system were quantitatively calculated. The simulated results indicate that the designed flow conditions for pumps are obviously different from those supplied for the pumps in real pumping systems, and the hydraulic design of suction boxes has notable influence on the energy characteristics of mixed-flow pumping systems. Therefore, attentions should be paid to the selection of suction box type, and researches be conducted on the optimal match of suction boxes with pump performances. The optimal hydraulic design of suction box can effectively improve the outlet flow pattern of suction box to ensure better flow conditions for pumps, and raise the pumping system efficiency substantially. Number of references:9 Ei main heading:Pumps Ei controlled terms:Computational fluid dynamics Flow control Flow patterns - Mathematical models - Optimization Uncontrolled terms:Vertical mixed flow pumping system Suction box - Outlet - Numerical simulation - Quantitative comparison - Optimal design Ei classification codes:618.2 Pumps - 631.1 Fluid Flow, General - 723.5 Computer Applications - 731.3 Specific Variables Control - 921 Mathematics Treatment:Applications (APP); Theoretical (THR); Experimental (EXP) Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 33> Accession number:071410528422 Title:Direct electrochemistry and electrocatalysis of hemoglobin entrapped in composite matrix based on chitosan and CaCO3 nanoparticles Authors:Shan, Dan; Wang, Shanxia; Xue, Huaiguo; Cosnier, Serge Author affiliation:School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225002, China Serial title:Electrochemistry Communications Abbreviated serial title:Electrochem. Commun. Volume:v 9 Issue:n 4 Issue date:April 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 529-534 Language:English ISSN:1388-2481 CODEN:ECCMF9 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Elsevier Inc., New York, NY 10010, United States Abstract:The direct electron transfer between hemoglobin (Hb) and the underlying glassy carbon electrode (GCE) can be readily achieved via a high biocompatible composite system based on biopolymer chitosan (CHT) and inorganic CaCO3 nanoparticles (nano-CaCO3). Cyclic voltammetry of Hb-CHT/nano-CaCO3/GCE showed a pair of stable and quasi-reversible peaks for HbFe(III)/Fe(II) redox couple in pH 7.0 buffer. The electrochemical reaction of Hb immobilized in CHT/nano-CaCO3 composite matrix exhibited a surface-controlled process accompanied by electron and proton transfer. The electron transfer rate constant was estimated to be 1.8 s-1. This modified electrode showed a high thermal stability up to 60 °C. The apparent Michaelis-Menten constant was calculated to be 7.5 × 10-4 M, indicating a high catalytic activity of the immobilized Hb toward H2O2. The interaction between Hb and this nano-hybrid material was also investigated using FT-IR and UV-vis spectroscopy, indicating that Hb retained its native structure in this hybrid matrix. © 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Number of references:29 Ei main heading:Hemoglobin Ei controlled terms:Calcium compounds Chitin Cyclic voltammetry - Electrocatalysis - Electrochemistry - Electrodes - Nanoparticles Uncontrolled terms:Calcium carbonate - Direct electron transfer - Composite matrix - Glassy carbon electrode (GCE) Ei classification codes:461.2 Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 704.1 Electric Components - 761 Nanotechnology - 801.4.1 Electrochemistry - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 933 Solid State Physics Treatment:Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1016/j.elecom.2006.10.032 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 34> Accession number:072410652306 Title:Structural rheology of immiscible PET/PP blend Authors:Wu, Defeng; Cao, Jian; Wu, Lanfeng; Zhang, Ming Author affiliation:School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China Serial title:Huagong Xuebao/Journal of Chemical Industry and Engineering (China) Abbreviated serial title:Huagong Xuebao Volume:v 58 Issue:n 5 Issue date:May 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 1320-1324 Language:Chinese ISSN:0438-1157 CODEN:HUKHAI Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Chemical Industry Press, Beijing, 100029, China Abstract:The immiscible poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET)/polypropylene (PP) blend was prepared by melt mixing and its structural rheology was studied. The results showed that the immiscible morphology influenced both the dynamic and steady-state rheological behavior of PET/PP blend. The blend with dispersed PP domain/PET matrix morphology showed a dynamic shape relaxation, while that with dispersed PET domain/PP matrix morphology only showed a small sensitivity to shear action. For the blend with complicated phase structure, the low-frequency elastic response could be observed clearly. Moreover, the agglomeration of the dispersed drops was the dominant factor affecting the rheological behavior under a higher shear field, while the break-up of drops became the dominant one under a lower shear field. Number of references:11 Ei main heading:Polymer blends Ei controlled terms:Agglomeration Mixing Morphology Phase structure - Polyethylene terephthalates - Polypropylenes - Rheology - Solubility Uncontrolled terms:Immiscible PET/PP blend Miscibility Phase morphology - Structural rheology Ei classification codes:631.1 Fluid Flow, General - 801.4 Physical Chemistry - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 815.1.1 Organic Polymers - 817.1 Polymer Products - 931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids Treatment:Experimental (EXP) Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 35> Accession number:072910702435 Title:Behaviors of crack tunneling and the effecting factors Authors:Wu, Zhixue Author affiliation:Mechanical Engineering College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China Serial title:Cailiao Yanjiu Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Materials Research Abbreviated serial title:Cailiao Yanjiu Xuebao Volume:v 21 Issue:n SUPPL. Issue date:May 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 264-267 Language:Chinese ISSN:1005-3093 CODEN:CYXUEV Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Chinese Journal of Materials Research, Shenyang, 110015, China Abstract:A gradientless iterative method is developed to achieve the shape of a crack with constant stress intensity factor distribution, based on the inherent relationship between the shape and the corresponding stress intensity factor distribution of a crack. The behaviour of crack tunneling was investigated by the three-dimensional finite element method. The effects of plate thickness and crack length on the behaviour of crack tunneling are examined on the assumptions that the stress intensity factor distribution is constant and the fatigue crack growth law is that of Paris. The stability of the curved shape of a through-thickness crack in fatigue is also discussed. The results show that the thickness of plate and the crack length have an evident influence on the crack tunneling. The propagation steadily of a crack in a plate is possible within the intermediate length satisfying the above assumptions. Number of references:11 Ei main heading:Fatigue crack propagation Ei controlled terms:Finite element method - Iterative methods - Materials science - Stress intensity factors - Three dimensional Uncontrolled terms:Foundational discipline - Fatigue crack growth - Thickness effect - Three dimensional finite element analysis Ei classification codes:421 Strength of Building Materials; Mechanical Properties - 921.6 Numerical Methods - 931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids - 951 Materials Science Treatment:Theoretical (THR) Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 36> Accession number:073510788880 Title:Pronounced effect of the ionic liquid on the electrochromic property of the polyaniline film: Color changes in the wide wavelength range Authors:Mu, Shaolin Author affiliation:Department of Chemistry, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002 Jiangsu Province, China Serial title:Electrochimica Acta Abbreviated serial title:Electrochim Acta Volume:v 52 Issue:n 28 Issue date:Nov 1 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 7827-7834 Language:English ISSN:0013-4686 CODEN:ELCAAV Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Elsevier Ltd, Oxford, OX5 1GB, United Kingdom Abstract:The electrochemical polymerization of aniline in a solution consisting of 0.2 M aniline, 2 M H2SO4 and 30% ionic liquid (v/v), 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ethyl sulfate (EMIES), was performed at a constant potential of 0.70 V versus SCE. The spectra of IR and 1H NMR of the resulting product, PAnIL, indicate that the ionic liquid (IL) was incorporated into polyaniline during the polymerization process. The cyclic voltammograms of the PAnIL demonstrate that the electrochemical behavior of the PAnIL in the solutions of pH [less-than or equal to] 3 is the same as that of polyaniline synthesized in the same conditions, but in the absence of the IL; however, the PAnIL in a solution of 0.3 M Na2SO4 with pH 12.0 still holds the redox activity. A significant result from the in situ spectroelectrochemical study shows that the absorption peak of the PAnIL film in a solution consisting of 0.3 M Na2SO4 and 20% IL (v/v) with pH 5.0 shifts from 509 to 890 nm, accompanied with the changes of colors from red-purple to violet, blue, green, greenish yellow and pale yellow, as the applied potential decreases from 0.70 to -0.10 V versus Ag/AgCl with saturated KCl solution, and vice versa. The response time is within 2 s for the color change of the PAnIL film from red-purple to pale yellow. © 2007. Number of references:30 Ei main heading:Ionic liquids Ei controlled terms:Atmospheric spectra Polyaniline Polymer films - Solutions - Spectroelectrochemistry - pH effects Uncontrolled terms:Electrochromic property Color changes Ethyl sulfate - Electrochemical behavior Ei classification codes:443.1 Atmospheric Properties - 708.2 Conducting Materials - 741.1 Light/Optics - 801.1 Chemistry, General - 801.4.1 Electrochemistry - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 815.1.1 Organic Polymers Treatment:Theoretical (THR); Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1016/j.electacta.2007.06.053 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 37> Accession number:073510794024 Title:Rheology of multi-walled carbon nanotube/poly(butylene terephthalate) composites Authors:Wu, Defeng; Wu, Liang; Zhang, Ming Author affiliation:School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225002, China Serial title:Journal of Polymer Science, Part B: Polymer Physics Abbreviated serial title:J Polym Sci Part B Volume:v 45 Issue:n 16 Issue date:Aug 15 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 2239-2251 Language:English ISSN:0887-6266 CODEN:JPBPEM Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:John Wiley and Sons Inc., Newark, NJ 07191-8667, United States Abstract:Multi-walled carbon nanotube/Poly(butylene terephthalate) nanocomposites (PCTs) were prepared by melt compounding. The microstructure of PCTs was investigated using transmission electron micrographs and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer. The linear and nonlinear as well as transient rheological properties of PCTs were characterized by the parallel plate rheometer. The results reveal that the surface modification can improve the dispersion state of nanotube in matrix. PCTs present a low percolation threshold of about 1-2 wt% in contrast to that of Poly(butylene terephthalate)/clay nanocomposites. The network structure is very sensitive to both the quiescent and large amplitude oscillatory shear deformation, and is also to the temperature, which makes the principle of time-temperature superposition (TTS) be valid on PCTs only in a very restricted temperature range. The stress overshoots to the reverse flow are strongly dependent on both the rest time and shear rate but show a strain-scaling response to the startup of steady shear, indicating that the broken network can reorganize even under quiescent condition. The nanotube may experience the long-range, more or less order during annealing process. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Number of references:59 Ei main heading:Composite materials Ei controlled terms:Annealing - Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy - Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCN) - Polyesters - Rheology - Shear deformation - Transmission electron microscopy Uncontrolled terms:Poly(butylene terephthalate) - Time-temperature superposition (TTS) Ei classification codes:415 Metals, Plastics, Wood and Other Structural Materials - 537.1 Heat Treatment Processes - 741.3 Optical Devices and Systems - 761 Nanotechnology - 801 Chemistry - 815.1.1 Organic Polymers - 931.1 Mechanics - 933.1 Crystalline Solids Treatment:Literature review (LIT); Theoretical (THR); Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1002/polb.21233 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 38> Accession number:074910961566 Title:Preparation of Vinyl Silicone Grafted with Nano-SiO2 ERF and Its Modification Study with Rare Earth Authors:Kumazawa, Hidehiro; Shenglin, Pan; Shaojun, Dai; Liping, Wu; Lianlian, Jiao; Ming, Zhang; Changhao, Yan Author affiliation:College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China Serial title:Journal of Rare Earths Abbreviated serial title:J Rare Earth Volume:v 25 Issue:n SUPPL. 1 Issue date:June 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 1-4 Language:English ISSN:1002-0721 CODEN:JREAE6 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Chinese Rare Earth Society, Beijing, 100088, China Abstract:Vinyl modification of nano-SiO2 and preparation of ERF with the structure of bell on side chains of vinyl silicone via chemical graft method between them were achieved. The results of IR and TG indicated that the ratio of vinyl on particles was 17.6% in mass. The electric response of this ER product exhibited a remarkable ER effect. The rare earth element such as Y, Eu behaved better modification effect than Nd. Solution treatment of rare earth caused particles be polarized more intensively, resulting in the array of chain. The ERF presented nice stability, which increased by 45% than that of physical blends of particles and vinyl silicone in 144 h later. The significant increase of both the stability and the shear stress response of this ERF was attributed to the formation of structure of bell on side chains. Therefore, it could provide a new horizon for preparation of excellent ER materials. © 2007 The Chinese Society of Rare Earths. Number of references:12 Ei main heading:Silica Ei controlled terms:Chemical stability - Grafting (chemical) - Rare earth additions - Rare earth elements - Shear stress Uncontrolled terms:Vinyl Silicone Electric response Rare earth carboxylates - Electrorheology Ei classification codes:421 Strength of Building Materials; Mechanical Properties - 482.2 Minerals - 531 Metallurgy and Metallography - 547.2 Rare Earth Metals - 801 Chemistry - 802.2 Chemical Reactions Treatment:Theoretical (THR) DOI:10.1016/S1002-0721(07)60033-7 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 39> Accession number:074910964427 Title:Chemical synthesis and electric properties of the conducting copolymer of aniline and o-aminophenol Authors:Zhang, Jing; Shan, Dan; Mu, Shaolin Author affiliation:Department of Chemistry, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China Serial title:Journal of Polymer Science, Part A: Polymer Chemistry Abbreviated serial title:J Polym Sci Part A Volume:v 45 Issue:n 23 Issue date:Dec 1 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 5573-5582 Language:English ISSN:0887-624X CODEN:JPACEC Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:John Wiley and Sons Inc., Newark, NJ 07191-8667, United States Abstract:A copolymer, poly(aniline-co-o-aminophenol), was prepared chemically by using ammonium peroxydisulfate as an oxidant. The monomer concentration ratio of o-aminophenol to aniline strongly influences the copolymerization rate and properties of the copolymer. The optimum composition of a mixture for the chemical copolymerization consisted of 0.3 M aniline, 0.021 M o-aminophenol, 0.42 M ammonium peroxy-disulfate, and 2 M H2SO4. The result of cyclic voltammograms in a potential region of -0.20 to 0.80 V (vs.SCE) indicates that the electrochemical activity of the copolymer prepared under the optimum condition is similar to that of polyaniline in more acid solutions. However, the copolymer still holds the good electrochemical activity until pH 11.0. Therefore, the pH dependence of the electrochemical property of the copolymer is improved, compared with poly(aniline-co-o-aminophenol) prepared electrochemically, and is much better than that of polyaniline. The spectra of IR and 1H NMR confirm that o-aminophenol units are included in the copolymer chain, which play a key role in extending the usable pH region of the copolymer. The visible spectra of the copolymers show that a high concentration ratio of o-aminophenol to aniline in a mixture inhibits the chain growth. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Number of references:42 Ei main heading:Copolymers Ei controlled terms:Aniline Charge transfer Conducting polymers - Copolymerization - Electric properties - Oxidants - Phenols Uncontrolled terms:o-aminophenol - Copolymerization rate - Ammonium peroxydisulfate Ei classification codes:701.1 Electricity: Basic Concepts and Phenomena - 708.2 Conducting Materials - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 815.1 Polymeric Materials - 815.2 Polymerization Treatment:Theoretical (THR); Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1002/pola.22303 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 40> Accession number:071210500140 Title:Synthesis of polymer hollow spheres with holes in their surfaces Authors:Han, Jie; Song, Genping; Guo, Rong Author affiliation:School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002 Jiangsu, China Serial title:Chemistry of Materials Abbreviated serial title:Chem. Mater. Volume:v 19 Issue:n 5 Issue date:Mar 6 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 973-975 Language:English ISSN:0897-4756 CODEN:CMATEX Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:American Chemical Society, Columbus, OH 43210-3337, United States Abstract:An inexpensive and environmentally friendly approach for the fabrication of poly(o-methoxyaniline) hollow spheres, with holes in their surfaces, was discussed. The chemical polymerization approach of o-methoxyaniline monomer was conducted in an aqueous solution. It was found that the droplets formed by the monomers themselves were considered to be templates that led to the formation of resultant polymer hollow spheres. It was also found that monomers can be diffuse from the droplets to the external surfaces to continue the polymerization reaction with the consumption of monomers in the outer surfaces of hollow spheres. The results show that the proposed one-step solution route has potential applications in the synthesis of hollow spheres of other polyaniline derivatives. Abstract type:(Edited abstract) Number of references:18 Ei main heading:Polymers Ei controlled terms:Monomers Polyaniline Polymerization Reaction kinetics - Synthesis (chemical) Uncontrolled terms:Hollow spheres - Methoxyaniline monomer - Polymerization reaction Ei classification codes:708.2 Conducting Materials - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 815.1 Polymeric Materials - 815.1.1 Organic Polymers - 815.2 Polymerization Treatment:Theoretical (THR); Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1021/cm062686l Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 41> Accession number:071910590846 Title:Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin enhanced determination for the vitamin B12 by fluorescence quenching method Authors:Sun, Jing; Zhu, Xiashi; Wu, Ming Author affiliation:College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China Serial title:Journal of Fluorescence Abbreviated serial title:J Fluoresc Volume:v 17 Issue:n 3 Issue date:May 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 265-270 Language:English ISSN:1053-0509 CODEN:JOFLEN Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Springer New York LLC, New York, 10013-1578, United States Abstract:A novel fluorescence quenching method for the determination of Vitamin B12(VB12) had been developed. It was based on that the fluorescence intensity of erythrosine sodium(ES) could be enhanced by Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin(HP-β-CD) due to the formation of inclusion complex (HP-β-CD-ES), while the fluorescence intensity of HP-β-CD-ES was diminished after adding VB12 into the system, and there was a linear relationship between the fluorescence quenching value of the system (ΔF) and the concentration of VB12(c). The mechanism of the determination of VB12was discussed. The results showed that under the optimal conditions, the linear range of calibration curve for the determination of VB12 was 0.0 approximately equals 2.1 is a member of the set of × is a member of the set of 10 -5 mol/L, and the detection limit was 1.8×10-7 mol/ L. It could be satisfactorily applied to the determination of VB12 in injections. © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2007. Number of references:15 Ei main heading:Vitamins Ei controlled terms:Complexation - Cyclodextrins - Fluorescence - Quenching Uncontrolled terms:Hydroxypropyl-cyclodextrin - Fluorescence quenching - Calibration curve Ei classification codes:461.7 Health Care - 537.1 Heat Treatment Processes - 741.1 Light/Optics - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 804.1 Organic Compounds Treatment:Theoretical (THR); Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1007/s10895-007-0168-2 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 42> Accession number:072410655204 Title:Notable enlargement of remnant polarization for fatigue-free SrBi 4Ti4O15 thin films by La-substitution Authors:Sun, Hui; Chen, Xiao-Bing; Zhu, Jun; He, Jun-Hui; Qian, Ya-Feng; Fang, Hong Author affiliation:College of Physics Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225002, China Serial title:Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology Abbreviated serial title:J Sol Gel Sci Technol Volume:v 43 Issue:n 1 Issue date:July 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 125-129 Language:English ISSN:0928-0707 CODEN:JSGTEC Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, 3311 GZ, Netherlands Abstract:La-doped SrBi4Ti4O15, SrBi4-x La x Ti4O15 (SBLT-x, x = 0.00, 0.10 and 0.25), thin films have been successfully prepared by the sol-gel method. Structures, surface morphology and ferroelectric properties were investigated. Compared with undoped SBTi, SBLT-0.10 shows a notable larger remnant polarization (2P r = 46 μC/cm2). Meanwhile, the SBLT-0.10 film shows little change of P nv and -P nv up to 4.4 × 10 10 switching cycles, suggesting an excellent fatigue-endurance characteristics. © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2007. Number of references:20 Ei main heading:Thin films Ei controlled terms:Doping (additives) Ferroelectric materials Lanthanum Remanence Sol-gel process Strontium compounds - Substitution reactions - Surface morphology Uncontrolled terms:Switching cycles - Fatigue endurance characteristics - Enlargement Ei classification codes:547.2 Rare Earth Metals - 701.2 Magnetism: Basic Concepts and Phenomena - 708.1 Dielectric Materials - 714.2 Semiconductor Devices and Integrated Circuits - 801 Chemistry - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 812.3 Glass - 931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids Treatment:Theoretical (THR); Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1007/s10971-007-1543-9 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 43> Accession number:065010310036 Title:Amperometric phenol biosensor based on laponite clay-chitosan nanocomposite matrix Authors:Fan, Quan; Shan, Dan; Xue, Huaiguo; He, Yuanyuan; Cosnier, Serge Author affiliation:School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China Serial title:Biosensors and Bioelectronics Abbreviated serial title:Biosens. Bioelectron. Volume:v 22 Issue:n 6 Issue date:Jan 15 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 816-821 Language:English ISSN:0956-5663 CODEN:BBIOE4 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Elsevier Ltd, Oxford, OX5 1GB, United Kingdom Abstract:A novel strategy to fabricate an amperometric biosensor for phenol determination based on chitosan/laponite nanocomposite matrix was described. The composite film was used to immobilize PPO on the surface of a glassy carbon electrode. Chitosan was utilized to improve the analytical performance of the pure clay-modified bioelectrode. The biosensor exhibited a series of properties: good affinity to its substrate (the apparent Michaelis-Menten constant for the sensor was found to be 0.16 mM), high sensitivity (674 mA M-1 cm-2 for catechol) and remarkable long-term stability in storage (it retains 88% of the original activity after 60 days). In addition, optimization of the biosensor construction as well as effects of experimental variables such as pH, operating potential and temperature on the amperometric response of the sensor were discussed. © 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Number of references:29 Ei main heading:Nanostructured materials Ei controlled terms:Biosensors - Clay - Carbon - Bioelectric phenomena - Reaction kinetics Uncontrolled terms:Phenol biosensor - Laponite - Chitosan - Amperometric response Ei classification codes:933.1 Crystalline Solids - 461.8 Biotechnology - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 461.1 Biomedical Engineering - 802.2 Chemical Reactions Treatment:Theoretical (THR); Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1016/j.bios.2006.03.002 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 44> Accession number:070210354948 Title:One step fabrication of nanoelectrode ensembles formed via amphiphilic block copolymers self-assembly and selective voltammetric detection of uric acid in the presence of high ascorbic acid content Authors:Wang, Chengyin; Liu, Qingxiu; Shao, Xiaoqiu; Yang, Gongjun; Xue, Huaiguo; Hu, Xiaoya Author affiliation:Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China Serial title:Talanta Abbreviated serial title:Talanta Volume:v 71 Issue:n 1 Issue date:Jan 15 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 178-185 Language:English ISSN:0039-9140 CODEN:TLNTA2 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1000 AE, Netherlands Abstract:A novel one-step approach to glassy carbon nanoelectrode ensembles (NEEs) with the pores of 20-120 nm in radii has been developed using an amphiphilic block copolymer [polystyrene-block-poly (acrylic acid)] self-assembly. This procedure is simple and fast, and requires only conventional, inexpensive electrochemical instrumentation. Electrochemical methods were used to characterize the NEEs prepared using this new procedure. The NEEs drastically suppressed the response of ascorbic acid (AA) and resolved the overlapping voltammetric response of uric acid (UA) and AA into two well-defined peaks with a large anodic peak difference (ΔEpa) of about 310 mV. The peak current obtained from differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) was linearly dependent on the UA concentration in the range of 0.25-50 μM at neutral pH (PBS, pH 6.86) with a correlation coefficient of 0.999, and the detection limit was 0.04 μM (S/N = 3). The NEEs has also been demonstrated to be applicable in the detection of UA in serum and urine samples with excellent sensitivity and selectivity. The NEEs will hopefully be of good application for further sensor development. © 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Number of references:45 Ei main heading:Electrochemical electrodes Ei controlled terms:Block copolymers - Self assembly - Esters - Polystyrenes - pH effects - Correlation methods Uncontrolled terms:Nanoelectrode ensembles - Glassy carbon electrodes - Uric acid - Ascorbic acid - Electrochemical instrumentation - Differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) Ei classification codes:704.1 Electric Components - 815.1 Polymeric Materials - 714.2 Semiconductor Devices and Integrated Circuits - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 815.1.1 Organic Polymers - 801.1 Chemistry, General - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics Treatment:Theoretical (THR); Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1016/j.talanta.2006.03.055 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 45> Accession number:070610410537 Title:Preparation of zinc gluconate nanostructures with different shapes by lamellar liquid crystal template Authors:Ding, Yuanhua; Chen, Liping; Guo, Rong Author affiliation:School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China Serial title:Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects Abbreviated serial title:Colloids Surf. A Physicochem. Eng. Asp. Volume:v 295 Issue:n 1-3 Issue date:Mar 1 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 85-90 Language:English ISSN:0927-7757 CODEN:CPEAEH Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1000 AE, Netherlands Abstract:Due to the penetration of solvent into the amphiphile bilayer of lamellar liquid crystal and the limitation of the thickness of the solvent layer of the lamellar liquid crystal, the zinc gluconate nanoparticles were synthesized by a direct template route in the lamellar liquid crystal formed by Triton X-100/n-C10H21OH/H2O system. The particles obtained were characterized by the transmission electron microscopy technique. Furthermore, the effects of the composition of lamellar liquid crystal, the zinc gluconate concentration and the temperature on the shape of particles were also studied. The studies show that monodisperse zinc gluconate particles can be produced by the lamellar liquid crystal template, and the shape and size are nearly independent of the composition of lamellar liquid crystal. However, the shape of particles evolves from spheres to nanowires with the increasing zinc gluconate concentration, and from spheres to nanorods as the temperature increases. The formation of one-dimensional zinc gluconate nanostructures can be attributed to an ideal microenvironment in the lamellar liquid crystal. © 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Number of references:23 Ei main heading:Nanostructured materials Ei controlled terms:Concentration (process) - Liquid crystals - Solvents - Thermal effects - Transmission electron microscopy - Zinc compounds Uncontrolled terms:Lamellar liquid crystals - Zinc gluconate - Triton X-100 Ei classification codes:741.3 Optical Devices and Systems - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 933.1 Crystalline Solids Treatment:Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1016/j.colsurfa.2006.08.036 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 46> Accession number:070610409198 Title:High efficiency and throughput system in directed evolution in vitro of reporter gene Authors:Xiong, Ai-Sheng; Peng, Ri-He; Liu, Jin-Ge; Zhuang, Jing; Qiao, Yu-Shan; Xu, Fang; Cai, Bing; Zhang, Zhen; Chen, Jian-Min; Yao, Quan-Hong Author affiliation:College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China Serial title:Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology Abbreviated serial title:Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. Volume:v 74 Issue:n 1 Issue date:February 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 160-168 Language:English ISSN:0175-7598 CODEN:AMBIDG Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Springer Verlag, Heidelberg, D-69121, Germany Abstract:In vitro directed evolution, especially with DNA shuffling, is a powerful means in biological studies of protein structure and function, and consequently for industrial applications. Escherichia coli β-glucuronidase (gusA) gene, a versatile and efficient reporter gene, was the model for studying in vitro directed evolution because of its stability, easy analysis of the enzyme properties and conveniently visible phenotype. We developed a high efficiency, throughput system for in vitro directed evolution using gusA reporter gene as the model. The system consisted mainly of three aspects: a prokaryotic expression vector pYPX251, an easy method for obtaining the mutated gene from DNA shuffling and a suitable selected strategy. The vector pYPX251 carried the moderately strong aacC1 gene promoter and T1T2 transcription terminator that allowed expression in E. coli. Over 10,000 individuals could be selected individually in a 9 cm Petri dish after colonies were absorbed on a nitrocellulose filter. A library, which contained 100,000 individuals was screened by incubating ten filter papers with X-Glu. The polymerase chain reaction products of the gusA gene, the fragments of 50-100 bp, with high mutation rates were purified using a dialysis bag from 10% PAGE after electrophoresis. The possibility of obtaining desirable mutations was increased dramatically as the size of the library expanded. A GUS variant, named GUS-TR, was obtained through this system, which is significantly more resistant to high temperature than the wild type enzyme. GUS-TR maintained its high activity even when the nitrocellulose filter containing the variant colony was heated at 100°C for 30 min. © 2006 Springer-Verlag. Number of references:44 Ei main heading:Genes Ei controlled terms:DNA Enzyme kinetics Enzymes Escherichia coli - Mathematical models - Thermodynamic stability Uncontrolled terms:Prokaryotic expression vectors - Gene shuffling - Mutation rates - Protein structure Ei classification codes:461.2 Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering Biotechnology - 461.9 Biology - 641.1 Thermodynamics - 921 Mathematics Treatment:Theoretical (THR); Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1007/s00253-006-0659-0 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved - 461.8 <RECORD 47> Accession number:071310516694 Title:Fairness and dynamic flow control in both unicast and multicast architecture networks Authors:Yang, Yuenquan; Cao, Zhiqiang; Tan, Min; Yi, Jianqiang Author affiliation:College of Information Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China Serial title:IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man and Cybernetics Part C: Applications and Reviews Abbreviated serial title:IEEE Trans Syst Man Cybern Pt C Appl Rev Volume:v 37 Issue:n 2 Issue date:March 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 206-212 Language:English ISSN:1094-6977 CODEN:ITCRFH Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., Piscataway, NJ 08855-1331, United States Abstract:With the development of multicast service in the Internet, much attention has been drawn to multicast congestion control and analysis. Multicast traffic poses new challenges to the design of Internet congestion control protocols and system stability analysis. The rate control problem of feedback-based sessions on the coexistence of both unicast and multirate multicast traffic architecture networks is focused upon in this paper. First, a fairness problem is discussed in detail, and a reasonable consumption strategy is proposed. In the reasonable consumption strategy, scaling functions are adaptively adjusted based on a relationship between the session rates. Second, contraposing the case that available link capacities are changing with time for these feedback-based unicast and multicast sessions, stability analysis of a closed-loop rate control system under the modified rate mechanism is made based on Lyapunov stable theory. Finally, the simulations illustrate the effectiveness and goodness of the reasonable consumption strategy. © 2007 IEEE. Number of references:7 Ei main heading:Congestion control (communication) Ei controlled terms:Closed loop control systems - Feedback control - Flow control - Internet protocols - Lyapunov methods - Multicasting - System stability - Telecommunication traffic Uncontrolled terms:Traffic architecture networks - Multirate multicast - Scaling functions Ei classification codes:716.1 Information Theory and Signal Processing - 723.5 Computer Applications - 731.3 Specific Variables Control - 921.6 Numerical Methods Treatment:Theoretical (THR) DOI:10.1109/TSMCC.2006.887003 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 48> Accession number:071310518062 Title:Solubility of anthracene in N,N-dimethyformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone Authors:Xu, Wen-Lin; Mao, Feng; Zhao, Hong-Kun; Wang, Ya-Qiong; Wang, Jin Author affiliation:College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China Serial title:Journal of Chemical and Engineering Data Abbreviated serial title:J Chem Eng Data Volume:v 52 Issue:n 2 Issue date:March/April 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 553-554 Language:English ISSN:0021-9568 CODEN:JCEAAX Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:American Chemical Society, Columbus, OH 43210-3337, United States Abstract:The solubility of anthracene in N,N-dimethyformamide, N,N- dimethylacetamide, and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone was determined respectively at temperatures ranging from (293.25 to 358.45) K, (293.15 to 359.25) K, and (293.45 to 357.55) K at atmosphere pressure. The experimental solubility was correlated by the equation In x = A + BIT + C ln T. © 2007 American Chemical Society. Number of references:11 Ei main heading:Anthracene Ei controlled terms:Atmospheric pressure Correlation methods - Dimethylformamide - Ketones - Solubility Uncontrolled terms:Dimethylacetamide - Pyrrolidone Ei classification codes:443.1 Atmospheric Properties - 801.4 Physical Chemistry - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics Treatment:Theoretical (THR) DOI:10.1021/je060454x Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 49> Accession number:071710570716 Title:Interactions between N-succinyl-chitosan and bovine serum albumin Authors:Zhu, Ai-ping; Yuan, Lan-hua; Chen, Tian; Wu, Hao; Zhao, Feng Author affiliation:College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China Serial title:Carbohydrate Polymers Abbreviated serial title:Carbohydr Polym Volume:v 69 Issue:n 2 Issue date:Jun 1 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 363-370 Language:English ISSN:0144-8617 CODEN:CAPOD8 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Elsevier Ltd, Oxford, OX5 1GB, United Kingdom Abstract:Interactions between proteins and biocompatible amphiphilic chitosan derivatives have been investigated owing to their scientific and technological importance. In this study, the interactions between N-succinyl-chitosan (NSCS) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) are characterized by circular dichroism (CD); isothermal titration calorimetric (ITC); ultraviolet (UV) spectrum; fluorescence spectrum and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques. ITC has been used to demonstrate that BSA binds to NSCS with a molar ratio of 30:1. The binding isotherms for these H-bond and hydrophobic interactions are exothermic. The CD and Fluorescence spectrum indicate that the conformation of BSA does not change significantly during the chain entanglements between BSA and NSCS. The NSCS entrapped BSA shows a nanosphere morphology revealed by TEM techniques. This study demonstrates the potential for NSCS matrix encapsulation of proteins or other hydrophilic bioactive drugs. © 2007. Number of references:34 Ei main heading:Chitin Ei controlled terms:Biocompatibility - Calorimetry - Conformations - Dichroism - Fluorescence - H ydrophobicity - Proteins - Titration - Transmission electron microscopy Uncontrolled terms:N-succinyl-chitosan - Bovine serum albumin - Amphiphilic chitosan - Isothermal titration calorimetric (ITC) - Hydrophobic interactions Ei classification codes:461.9.1 Immunology - 741.1 Light/Optics - 741.3 Optical Devices and Systems 801 Chemistry 801.4 Physical Chemistry 804.1 Organic Compounds - 931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids - 944.6 Temperature Measurements Treatment:Theoretical (THR); Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1016/j.carbpol.2006.11.023 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 50> Accession number:071910596437 Title:Synthesis of polyaniline/NiO nanobelts by a self-assembly process Authors:Song, Genping; Han, Jie; Guo, Rong Author affiliation:School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002 Jiangsu, China Serial title:Synthetic Metals Abbreviated serial title:Synth Met Volume:v 157 Issue:n 4-5 Issue date:March 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 170-175 Language:English ISSN:0379-6779 CODEN:SYMEDZ Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Elsevier Ltd, Oxford, OX5 1GB, United Kingdom Abstract:Polyaniline (PANI) nanotubes ( [similar to] 180 nm in diameter) were synthesized in the presence of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS) as a micellar template and dopant, whereas PANI/NiO nanobelts (300-700 nm in diameter) were obtained with the addition of NiO nanoparticles ( [similar to] 10 nm in diameter). Results showed that the size of PANI/NiO composite nanobelts increased with an increase content of NiO nanoparticles. XRD, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and UV-vis spectroscopy were used to characterize the chemical structures of PANI nanotubes and PANI/NiO nanobelts. The thermal stability and conductivity of samples were affected by the content of NiO. The coordination bonds between NiO and aniline were the key factor that resulted in the morphological change of PANI. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Number of references:35 Ei main heading:Polyaniline Ei controlled terms:Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy - Nanobelts - Nanocomposites - Nanoparticles - Nanotubes - Nickel oxide - Self assembly - Thermodynamic stability Uncontrolled terms:Coordination bonds NiO nanoparticle Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS) Ei classification codes:641.1 Thermodynamics - 708.2 Conducting Materials - 761 Nanotechnology - 801 Chemistry - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 815.1.1 Organic Polymers - 933 Solid State Physics - 933.1 Crystalline Solids - 951 Materials Science Treatment:Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1016/j.synthmet.2006.12.007 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 51> Accession number:072410648339 Title:Selective uricase biosensor based on polyaniline synthesized in ionic liquid Authors:Jiang, Yan; Wang, Aiyin; Kan, Jinqing Author affiliation:School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China Serial title:Sensors and Actuators, B: Chemical Abbreviated serial title:Sens Actuators, B Chem Volume:v 124 Issue:n 2 Issue date:Jun 26 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 529-534 Language:English ISSN:0925-4005 CODEN:SABCEB Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1000 AE, Netherlands Abstract:The selective uricase biosensor prepared with electroactive intrinsic polyaniline (PANI) at high pH is firstly reported in this paper. Effects of electroactive interferents, such as acetaminophen, glutathione, l-cysteine and ascorbic acid on the current response of PANI-uricase biosensor were examined in the presence of their physiological normal levels with uric acid (HUr) concentration at 0.5 mmol dm-3. These well-known interferents have been shown to have no measurable effect on the biosensor's current response. In the range from 0.20 to 0.50 V, the current response increased with increasing potential. In the wide pH range from 2 to 12, current response increased with increasing pH, and the optimum pH was not appearing. We suggested the reason why the optimum pH of the PANI-uricase biosensor does not appear. The relationship between current response and uric acid concentration is good linear in the range from 1.0 × 10-3 to 1.0 mmol dm-3. The Michaelis-Menten constant K prime m is 7.83 mmol dm-3 and the maximum current response imax is 58.07 μA. The current response of this biosensor increased with increasing temperature and Ea is 40.18 kJ mol-1 in the B-R buffer. The biosensor was characterized with FT-IR, UV-vis spectra and AC impedance. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Number of references:31 Ei main heading:Biosensors Ei controlled terms:Carboxylic acids - Catalyst selectivity - Enzymes - Ionic liquids - Polyaniline - Synthesis (chemical) - pH effects Uncontrolled terms:Uricase biosensors - Intrinsic polyanilines - Current response - Uric acid Ei classification codes:461.2 Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 708.2 Conducting Materials - 801.1 Chemistry, General - 801.2 Biochemistry - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 804.1 Organic Compounds Treatment:Theoretical (THR); Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1016/j.snb.2007.01.016 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 52> Accession number:072710694782 Title:Influence of Nanometric Ceria Coating on Oxidation Behavior of Chromium at 900 °C Authors:Huiming, Jin; Xiaojun, Liu; Linnan, Zhang Author affiliation:Materials Research Center, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China Serial title:Journal of Rare Earths Abbreviated serial title:J Rare Earth Volume:v 25 Issue:n 1 Issue date:February 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 63-67 Language:English ISSN:1002-0721 CODEN:JREAE6 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Chinese Rare Earth Society, Beijing, 100088, China Abstract:Isothermal and cyclic oxidation behaviors of chromium samples with and without nanometric CeO2 coating were studied at 900 °C in air. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and high-resolution electron microscopy (HREM) were used to examine the morphology and microstructure of the oxide film. It was found that ceria coating greatly improved the oxidation resistance of Cr both in isothermal and cyclic oxidizing experiments. Acoustic emission (AE) technique was used in situ to monitor the cracking and spalling of oxide film, and AE signals were analyzed in time-domain and number-domain according to related oxide fracture model. Laser Raman spectrometer was also used to study the stress of oxide film formed on Cr with and without ceria. The improvement in oxidation resistance of chromium is believed mainly due to that ceria greatly reduced the growth speed and grain size of Cr2O3. This finegrained Cr2O3 oxide film might have better high temperature plasticity and could relieve parts of the compressive stress by means of creeping and maintained ridge character and relatively lower level of internal stress. Meanwhile, ceria application reduced the size and number of interfacial defects, remarkably enhanced the adhesive property of Cr2O3 oxide scale formed on Cr substrate. © 2007 The Chinese Society of Rare Earths. Number of references:13 Ei main heading:Chromium Ei controlled terms:Acoustic emissions - Cerium compounds - Coating techniques - High resolution electron microscopy - Isotherms - Oxidation resistance - Oxidation - Raman spectroscopy - Scanning electron microscopy - Time domain analysis - Transmission electron microscopy Uncontrolled terms:Laser Raman - Nanometric Ceria Coating - High temperature plasticity Ei classification codes:539.1 Metals Corrosion - 543.1 Chromium and Alloys - 641.1 Thermodynamics - 741.1 Light/Optics - 741.3 Optical Devices and Systems - 751.2 Acoustic Properties of Materials - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 813.1 Coating Techniques - 921 Mathematics - 931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids Treatment:Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1016/S1002-0721(07)60046-5 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 53> Accession number:073110718213 Title:Study on the non-isothermal kinetics of decomposition of 4Na 2SO4 [Closed Circle] 2H2O2 [Closed Circle] NaCl Authors:Hong-Kun, Z.; Cao, T.; Dao-Sen, Zh.; Wen-Lin, X.; Ya-Qong, W.; Qi-Shu, Q. Author affiliation:College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, YangZhou University, YangZhou 225002, China Serial title:Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry Abbreviated serial title:J Therm Anal Calor Volume:v 89 Issue:n 2 Issue date:August 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 531-536 Language:English ISSN:1388-6150 CODEN:JTACF7 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, 3311 GZ, Netherlands Abstract:The non-isothermal decomposition kinetics of 4Na2SO 4 [Closed Circle] 2H2O2 [Closed Circle] NaCl have been investigated by simultaneous TG-DSC in nitrogen atmosphere and in air. The decomposition processes undergo a single step reaction. The multivariate nonlinear regression technique is used to distinguish kinetic model of 4Na2SO 4 [Closed Circle] 2H2O2 [Closed Circle] NaCl. Results indicate that the reaction type Cn can well describe the decomposition process, the decomposition mechanism is n-dimensional autocatalysis. The kinetic parameters, n, A and E are obtained via multivariate nonlinear regression. The n th-order with autocatalysis model is used to simulate the thermal decomposition of 4Na2SO4 [Closed Circle] 2H2O 2 [Closed Circle] NaCl under isothermal conditions at various temperatures. The flow rate of gas has little effect on the decomposition of 4Na 2SO4 [Closed Circle] 2H2O2 [Closed Circle] NaCl. © 2007 Springer Science+Business Media LLC. Number of references:18 Ei main heading:Sodium compounds Ei controlled terms:Computer simulation Decomposition Hydrogen peroxide - Isotherms - Mathematical models - Reaction kinetics - Regression analysis Uncontrolled terms:Sodium sulfates - Multivariate nonlinear regression - Isothermal kinetics - Single step reaction - Autocatalysis Ei classification codes:641.1 Thermodynamics - 723.5 Computer Applications - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 921 Mathematics - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics Treatment:Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1007/s10973-005-7127-4 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 54> Accession number:073610802262 Title:Electrocatalytic oxidation of phenol on several metal-oxide film electrodes Authors:Wang, Yaqiong; Gu, Bin; Xu, Wenlin Author affiliation:School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China Serial title:Huagong Xuebao/Journal of Chemical Industry and Engineering (China) Abbreviated serial title:Huagong Xuebao Volume:v 58 Issue:n 8 Issue date:August 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 2087-2093 Language:Chinese ISSN:0438-1157 CODEN:HUKHAI Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Chemical Industry Press, Beijing, 100029, China Abstract:Ti/SnO2+Sb2O3, Ti/SnO2+Sb2 O3/PbO2 and Ti/SnO2+Sb2 O3/RuO2+PbO2 electrodes were prepared and the electrocatalytic oxidation of phenol was studied in acidic media on the electrodes by bulk electrolysis experiments under galvanostatic control. The results clearly showed that the oxidation reactions of phenol followed first-order kinetics at all of three kinds of electrodes under experimental conditions and the electrode materials produced remarkable effects on apparent reaction rate and instantaneous current efficiency (ICE) of electrocatalytic oxidation of phenol. The apparent rate constants for Ti/SnO2+Sb2O3, Ti/SnO2+Sb2 O3/PbO2 and Ti/SnO2+Sb2 O3/RuO2+PbO2 electrodes were 6.66 × 10-2 min-1, 2.49 × 10-2 min-1 and 9.76 × 10-3 min-1 at 25°C, respectively, and the initial ICEs were 78.7%, 38.9% and 13.2% respectively. When Ti/SnO2+Sb2O3 electrode was used as anode and the phenol solution was electrolyzed for 60 min, the concentration of phenol decreased from 2.13 × 10-3 mol·L-1 to 3.27 × 10-5 mol·L-1, and the conversion of phenol reached 98.5%, but the conversion was only 82.7% and 29.8% for Ti/SnO2+Sb2 O3/PbO2 and Ti/SnO2+Sb2 O3/RuO2 +PbO2 electrodes, respectively. The voltammograms of the anodes in the phenol solution revealed that there was a higher oxygen evolution potential for Ti/SnO2+Sb2O3 electrode, which was beneficial to the oxidation of organic compounds. Number of references:17 Ei main heading:Phenols Ei controlled terms:Catalytic oxidation - Electrocatalysis - Electrodes - Organic compounds - Oxide films - Rate constants - Reaction rates Uncontrolled terms:Metal-oxide film electrodes - Electrocatalytic oxidation - Galvanostatic control Ei classification codes:454 Environmental Engineering - 801.4.1 Electrochemistry - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 804.1 Organic Compounds Treatment:Experimental (EXP) Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 55> Accession number:074710926929 Title:Shape prediction of fatigue crack based on a given stress intensity factor distribution Authors:Wu, Zhixue Author affiliation:Mechanical Engineering College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China Serial title:Key Engineering Materials Abbreviated serial title:Key Eng Mat Volume:v 353-358 Issue:n PART 1 Monograph title:Progresses in Fracture and Strength of Materials and Structures - Selected peer reviewed papers from the Asian Pacific Conference Fracture and Strength 2006, (APCFS'06) Publication year:2007 Pages:p 19-23 Language:English ISSN:1013-9826 CODEN:KEMAEY Document type:Conference article (CA) Conference name:Asian Pacific Conference for Fracture and Strength (APCFS'06) Conference date:Nov 22-25 2006 Conference location:Sanya, Hainan Island, China Conference code:70568 Publisher:Trans Tech Publications Ltd, Stafa-Zuerich, CH-8712, Switzerland Abstract:There is an inherent relationship between the shape and the corresponding stress intensity factor (SIF) distribution of a crack. A typical inverse problem of linear elastic fracture mechanics about a crack, i.e. to predict the shape of a crack assuming that some information of SIF distribution is known, is presented. A finite-element based numerical procedure is used to determine the shape, correspondingly the SIF, of a mode-I planar crack based on a specified SIF distribution. The crack front is modeled using cubic splines, which are determined by a number of control-points. The crack front shape is achieved iteratively by moving control-points based on a gradientless algorithm. Numerical examples for planar cracks in through-cracked and surface-cracked plates with finite thickness and width are presented to show the validity and practicability of the proposed method. The SIFs obtained by present method are compared with the known solutions for cracks with same dimensions. The presented method is considered to be a promising alternative to the evaluation of SIFs and the prediction of shape evolution for fatigue cracks. Number of references:13 Ei main heading:Fatigue crack propagation Ei controlled terms:Finite element method - Fracture mechanics - Numerical methods - Problem solving Uncontrolled terms:Stress intensity factor - Surface-crack - Through-crack - Linear elastic fracture mechanics Ei classification codes:421 Strength of Building Materials; Mechanical Properties - 921.6 Numerical Methods - 931.1 Mechanics Treatment:Theoretical (THR) Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 56> Accession number:074910962366 Title:Influence of yttrium-implantation on micro-structure and adhesive property of oxide film formed on nickel Authors:Jin, Huiming; Zhou, Xiaowei; Zhang, Linnan Author affiliation:School of Mechanical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China Serial title:Huagong Xuebao/Journal of Chemical Industry and Engineering (China) Abbreviated serial title:Huagong Xuebao Volume:v 58 Issue:n 11 Issue date:November 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 2859-2863 Language:Chinese ISSN:0438-1157 CODEN:HUKHAI Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Chemical Industry Press, Beijing, 100029, China Abstract:Isothermal oxidation and cyclic oxidation behavior of pure and yttrium-implanted nickel was studied at 1000°C in air. Scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) and transmission electronic microscopy (TEM) were used to examine the morphology and structure of oxide films formed on nickel. It was found that yttrium-implantation greatly improved the anti-oxidation ability of nickel. Acoustic emission (AE) technique was used in situ to monitor the cracking of oxide films in oxidizing and air-cooling stages. Laser Raman spectrometer was also used to study the stress status of oxide scales formed on nickel with and without yttrium. The main reason for the improvement of anti-oxidation of nickel was that yttrium-implantation greatly reduced the growing speed and grain size of NiO, and this fine-grained NiO oxide film might have better high temperature plasticity and could relieve part of compressive stress by means of creeping. In the meantime, yttrium-implantation reduced the size and number of interfacial defects, hence remarkably enhancing the adhesion of protective NiO oxide scale formed on nickel substrate. Number of references:9 Ei main heading:Oxide films Ei controlled terms:Adhesives Compressive stress Defects Ion implantation Microstructure Morphology Oxidation resistance - Plasticity - Scanning electron microscopy - Yttrium Uncontrolled terms:NiO oxide film - Yttrium-implanted nickel Isothermal oxidation - Cyclic oxidation - Acoustic emission (AE) Ei classification codes:539.1 Metals Corrosion - 712.1.2 Compound Semiconducting Materials - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids - 933.1 Crystalline Solids - 951 Materials Science Treatment:Experimental (EXP) Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 57> Accession number:070110345833 Title:Immobilization of poly(ε-caprolactone)-poly(ethylene oxide)-poly(ε-caprolactone) triblock copolymer on poly(lactide-co-glycolide) surface and dual biofunctional effects Authors:Zhu, Aiping; Lu, Ping; Wu, Hao Author affiliation:College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China Serial title:Applied Surface Science Abbreviated serial title:Appl Surf Sci Volume:v 253 Issue:n 6 Issue date:Jan 15 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 3247-3253 Language:English ISSN:0169-4332 CODEN:ASUSEE Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1000 AE, Netherlands Abstract:Poly(ε-caprolactone)-poly(ethylene oxide)-poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL-PEG-PCL) triblock copolymer was covalently immobilized onto poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) surface with the precursor of photopolymerizable and biodegradable PCL-PEG-PCL diacrylates. Argon plasma technique was exploited to obtain hydrophilic PLGA surface (HPLGA). The surface properties were characterized by Water contact angle and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) techniques. PCL-PEG-PCL surface modified hydrophobic PLGA and hydrophilic PLGA results in different surface physicochemical properties. PCL-PEG-PCL modified hydrophobic PLGA surface (PLGA-PCL-PEG-PCL) demonstrates excellent inhibition of platelet adhesion and activation; while PCL-PEG-PCL modified hydrophilic PLGA surface (HPLGA-PCL-PEG-PCL) results in good cytocompatibility. The possible mechanism was discussed and the driven force was ascribed to the different assembly behavior of PCL-PEG-PCL on PLGA surface dependant on the hydrophilic/hydrophobic property of PLGA. This simple and effective surface engineering method is also suitable for the other biomaterials such as polyurethane (PU), silicon rubber and poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) to obtain the enhanced biocompatibility. © 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Number of references:30 Ei main heading:Block copolymers Ei controlled terms:Chemical bonds - Photopolymerization - X ray photoelectron spectroscopy - Hydrophobicity - Hydrophilicity - Rubber Uncontrolled terms:Platelet adhesion - Smooth muscle cells - Assembly behavior Ei classification codes:815.1 Polymeric Materials - 801.4 Physical Chemistry - 741.1 Light/Optics - 815.2 Polymerization - 931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids - 818.1 Natural Rubber Treatment:Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1016/j.apsusc.2006.07.036 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 58> Accession number:070510405834 Title:Transfer and distribution of L-tryptophan between W/O and O/W, and between W/O and bicontinuous microemulsions through the study of interphase electric properties Authors:Chen, Yuan; Guo, Rong Author affiliation:School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China Serial title:Journal of Colloid and Interface Science Abbreviated serial title:J. Colloid Interface Sci. Volume:v 307 Issue:n 2 Issue date:Mar 15 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 488-493 Language:English ISSN:0021-9797 CODEN:JCISA5 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Academic Press Inc., Orlando, FL 32887-4900, United States Abstract:The influence of L-tryptophan (L-Trp) on the interphase electric properties of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)/n-pentanol (n-C5H11OH)/water (H2O) system was studied by the method of AC impedance, and the distribution of L-Trp between the microemulsion phases with different structures in SDS/n-C5H11OH/H2O system was determined by UV-vis spectroscopy. The results show that L-Trp transfers from the lower phase (O/W or bicontinuous) to the upper phase (W/O), and that a small amount of SDS transfers from the upper phase to the lower phase correspondingly with the increase of the total SDS content at a constant weight ratio of n-C5H11OH/H2O = 50/50 and a total L-Trp concentration of 1.0 × 10-4 mol / L. In addition, the concentrations of L-Trp in both the upper and lower phases increase, but the SDS content decreases slightly in the upper phase and increases appreciably in the lower phase with the increase of the total L-Trp concentration at a constant total content of SDS. The interphase capacitance and the interphase charge-transfer current of the system increase, but the interphase resistivity decreases. © 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Number of references:27 Ei main heading:Microemulsions Ei controlled terms:Alcohols - Charge transfer - Electric currents - Electric impedance - Phase transitions - Sodium compounds Uncontrolled terms:Charge-transfer currents L-tryptophan Microemulsion phases - Constant weight ratio Ei classification codes:701.1 Electricity: Basic Concepts and Phenomena - 801.4 Physical Chemistry - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds Treatment:Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1016/j.jcis.2006.11.032 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 59> Accession number:071310511194 Title:Solvothermal synthesis of hexagonal ZnO nanorods and their photoluminescence properties Authors:Zhou, Wei Dong; Wu, Xiao; Zhang, Yong Cai; Zhang, Ming Author affiliation:College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou City, 225002, China Serial title:Materials Letters Abbreviated serial title:Mater Lett Volume:v 61 Issue:n 10 Issue date:April 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 2054-2057 Language:English ISSN:0167-577X CODEN:MLETDJ Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1000 AE, Netherlands Abstract:Pure hexagonal ZnO nanorods were synthesized by low-temperature (90 °C) solvothermal treatment of zinc acetate in 40-80 wt.% hydrazine hydrate aqueous solutions. The products were characterized by means of powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electronic microscopy (TEM), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), and room temperature photoluminescence (RTPL) spectra. They show a strong UV emission at around 380 nm upon excitation at 360 nm using a Xe lamp at room temperature. The influence on the quality of the nanorods was investigated while the content of the solvent changed. The as-synthesized ZnO nanorods are promising materials for nanoscale optoelectronic devices due to their excellent UV emission properties. © 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Number of references:30 Ei main heading:Nanorods Ei controlled terms:Crystal growth - Nanostructured materials - Optical materials - Optical properties - Photoluminescence - Semiconductor materials - Synthesis (chemical) - X ray diffraction - Zinc oxide Uncontrolled terms:Solvothermal synthesis - Hexagonal nanorods - Selected area electron diffraction (SAED) Ei classification codes:712.1 Semiconducting Materials - 741.1 Light/Optics - 741.3 Optical Devices and Systems - 761 Nanotechnology - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 931.3 Atomic and Molecular Physics - 933 Solid State Physics - 933.1.2 Crystal Growth Treatment:Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1016/j.matlet.2006.08.014 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 60> Accession number:071810586287 Title:Characterization, growth mechanism and application of network poly(bromophenol blue) Authors:Yang, Gong-Jun; Qu, Xi-Long; Zhu, Ai-Ping; Wang, Cheng-Yin; Qu, Qi-Shu; Hu, Xiao-Ya Author affiliation:College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China Serial title:Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry Abbreviated serial title:J Electroanal Chem Volume:v 604 Issue:n 1 Issue date:Jun 1 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 48-56 Language:English ISSN:0022-0728 CODEN:JECHES Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1000 AE, Netherlands Abstract:Network poly(bromophenol blue) (denoted as PBPB) films were electrochemically synthesized on the surface of glassy carbon electrode (GCE) by cyclic voltammetry and then the chemically modified electrode (denoted as PBPB-GCE) was fabricated. The characterization and growth mechanism of electrochemically synthesized PBPB films were firstly investigated by attenuated total reflection (ATR)-FTIR spectroscopy, in situ electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroelectrochemistry, qualitative analysis and electrochemical methods. This PBPB-GCE was successfully used to develop a novel and reliable electrochemical method for the determination of trace Cu2+ by anodic stripping voltammetry. Based on the results from cyclic voltammograms or differential pulse voltammograms, the modified electrode showed excellent sensitivity toward the determination of Cu2+ in H2SO4 solution (pH 2.0). Under the optimized working conditions, there was a good linear relationship between anodic peak current and Cu2+ concentration in the range of 1.0 × 10-8-1.0 × 10-5 M with the detection limit of 3.5 × 10-9 M (S/N = 3) in H2SO4 solution (pH 2.0). The current responses of successive measurements at the identical surface (n = 30) and at the renewed ones (n = 10) of PBPB-GCE were examined with relative standard deviation of 2.8% and 4.1%, respectively. It indicated that the chemically modified electrode showed good stability and reproducibility. The interference studies showed that the modified electrode exhibited excellent selectivity in the presence of other metal ions with a concentration much higher than that of Cu2+. In the end, this proposed method was successfully applied to determine the concentration of Cu2+ in water samples. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Number of references:36 Ei main heading:Polymer films Ei controlled terms:Electrochemistry Electrodes Electron spin resonance spectroscopy - Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy - Sensitivity analysis - Synthesis (chemical) Uncontrolled terms:Network poly(bromophenol blue) - Glassy carbon electrodes (GCE) - Growth mechanism - Copper ions - Electrosynthesis - Differential pulse voltammetry Ei classification codes:704.1 Electric Components - 801.4.1 Electrochemistry - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 815.1 Polymeric Materials Treatment:Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1016/j.jelechem.2007.02.024 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 61> Accession number:072310638635 Title:A green hydrothermal route to nanocrystalline CuCl Authors:Zhang, Yong Cai; Tang, Jing Yuan Author affiliation:College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou City, 225002, China Serial title:Materials Letters Abbreviated serial title:Mater Lett Volume:v 61 Issue:n 17 Issue date:July 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 3708-3710 Language:English ISSN:0167-577X CODEN:MLETDJ Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1000 AE, Netherlands Abstract:CuCl, a wide bandgap (Eg = 3.395 eV at 4 K) I-VII semiconductor with excitonic binding energies of about 190 meV, can be used in the manufacture of electrooptic modulators, optical filters, solid-state batteries, catalyst, adsorbent, air purifying agents, blue-UV light-emitting devices, etc. Although many methods have already been developed for synthesizing CuCl powders with different characteristics so far, all of them either need complicated equipment and high reaction temperatures, or utilize toxic reactants and organic solvent, or produce much pollutive byproducts. In this paper, we report a green hydrothermal way to prepare nanocrystalline CuCl powders, simply by using the reaction of CuCl2 and alpha-d-glucose in distilled water in an autoclave at 120 °C for 24 h. The obtained CuCl nanocrystals were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and their possible formation mechanism was also proposed. © 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Number of references:25 Ei main heading:Nanocrystalline materials Ei controlled terms:Catalysts - Characterization - Copper compounds - Crystal growth - Hydrothermal synthesis - Light modulators - Optical filters - Semiconductor materials Uncontrolled terms:Green hydrothermal route - Blue-UV light-emitting devices Ei classification codes:712.1 Semiconducting Materials - 717.2 Optical Communication Equipment - 741.3 Optical Devices and Systems - 761 Nanotechnology - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 933.1 Crystalline Solids - 933.1.2 Crystal Growth - 951 Materials Science Treatment:Theoretical (THR); Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1016/j.matlet.2006.12.041 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 62> Accession number:072410654952 Title:Morphology, nonisothermal crystallization behavior, and kinetics of poly(phenylene sulfide)/polycarbonate blend Authors:Wu, Defeng; Zhang, Yisheng; Zhang, Ming; Wu, Lanfeng Author affiliation:School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225002, China Serial title:Journal of Applied Polymer Science Abbreviated serial title:J. Appl. Polym. Sci. Volume:v 105 Issue:n 2 Issue date:Jul 15 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 739-748 Language:English ISSN:0021-8995 CODEN:JAPNAB Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:John Wiley and Sons Inc., Newark, NJ 07191-8667, United States Abstract:The morphology and nonisothermal crystallization behavior of blends made of poly(phenylene sulfide) (PPS), with a amorphous polycarbonate (PC) were studied. The blend is found to be partially miscible by the dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) and melt rheological measurements. The nonisothermal crystallization behavior of blend was studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The results show clearly that the crystallization temperatures of PPS component in the blend decrease with increasing of PC contents. The crystallization kinetics was then analyzed by Avrami, Jeziorny, and Ozawa methods. It can be concluded that the addition of PC decreases the PPS overall crystallization rate because of the higher viscosity of PC and/or partial miscibility of blend, despite of small heterogeneous nucleation effect by the PC phase and/or phase interface. The results of the activation energy obtained by Kissinger method further confirm that the amorphous PC in the partial miscible PPS/PC blend may act as a crystallization inhibitor of PPS. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Number of references:42 Ei main heading:Polycarbonates Ei controlled terms:Crystallization Differential scanning calorimetry Morphology Polymer blends Reaction kinetics - Rheology - Thermoanalysis Uncontrolled terms:Amorphous polycarbonate (PC) - Dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) - Ozawa methods - Crystallization inhibitor Ei classification codes:631.1 Fluid Flow, General - 801 Chemistry - 801.4 Physical Chemistry - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 815.1.1 Organic Polymers - 817.1 Polymer Products - 931.1 Mechanics - 931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids - 944.6 Temperature Measurements - 951 Materials Science Treatment:Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1002/app.26096 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 63> Accession number:073010707028 Title:Numeric computation of synchronal motor's full-voltage starting dynamics duration in large-scale pump station Authors:Ge, Qiang; Xu, Liang-Liang; Duan, Xiao-Hui; Chen, Song-Shan Author affiliation:Institute of Energy and Power Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China Serial title:Zhongguo Dianji Gongcheng Xuebao/Proceedings of the Chinese Society of Electrical Engineering Abbreviated serial title:Zhongguo Dianji Gongcheng Xuebao Volume:v 27 Issue:n 18 Issue date:Jun 25 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 13-17 Language:Chinese ISSN:0258-8013 CODEN:ZDGXER Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Chinese Society of Electrical Engineering, Beijing, 100085, China Abstract:The synchronal motor has many excellences such as high efficiency, adjustable power factor, good over-load capability, little influence of voltage for electromagnetic torque, etc. It is widely used in electric drag system which needs no timing. Setting out from inherent mechanical character of the synchronal motor, the load's character of water pump's start, and basing on moment balance equation and mechaelectronic inertia time constant expression, this paper based a mathematic model of synchronal motor group's starting dynamics duration. To combined with the locale test of large-scale synchronal motor in pump station of the South-North Water Diversion project and through analyzing, the result of calculation accorded with that of locale test. It validated the correctness of the mathematic model of synchronal motor group's starting dynamics duration. Simultaneity the result of locale test indicated starting dynamics duration has relation to the load's magnitude. The bigger the load is, the longer the starting dynamics duration is. The production have supervise significance on pump station design and lectotype of large-scale pump station motor group, ensuring the safety of South-North Water Diversion project's operation. Number of references:18 Ei main heading:Synchronous motors Ei controlled terms:Electric power factor - Mathematical models - Starting Uncontrolled terms:Large scale pump station - Full voltage starting - Dynamics duration - Numeric computation - Electromagnetic torque Ei classification codes:701.1 Electricity: Basic Concepts and Phenomena - 705.1 Electric Machinery, General - 705.3.1 AC Motors - 921 Mathematics Treatment:Applications (APP); Experimental (EXP) Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 64> Accession number:073110733736 Title:Fabrication of polymer hollow nanospheres by a swelling-evaporation strategy Authors:Han, Jie; Song, Genping; Guo, Rong Author affiliation:School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, Jiangsu, China Serial title:Journal of Polymer Science, Part A: Polymer Chemistry Abbreviated serial title:J Polym Sci Part A Volume:v 45 Issue:n 13 Issue date:Jul 1 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 2638-2645 Language:English ISSN:0887-624X CODEN:JPACEC Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:John Wiley and Sons Inc., Newark, NJ 07191-8667, United States Abstract:A general route, involving swelling-evaporation processes, is proposed for the generation of polymer hollow nanospheres derived from polymer nanoparticles for the first time. Different swelling reagents, such as ethanol, o-toluidine, toluene, and carbon tetrachloride, have been used to study their effect on the morphology of the resultant polymer hollow structures. The evaporation conditions, such as the temperature and pressure, can be used to tune the size and shell thickness of the polymer hollow structures. The chemical structures of the polymer have been characterized with X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared, and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Number of references:34 Ei main heading:Nanospheres Ei controlled terms:Evaporation Micelles Polymers Surface morphology - Swelling - Transmission electron microscopy Uncontrolled terms:Polymer hollow structures - Polymer hollow nanospheres - Evaporation conditions - Swelling reagents Ei classification codes:741.3 Optical Devices and Systems - 761 Nanotechnology - 801.3 Colloid Chemistry - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 815.1 Polymeric Materials - 931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids - 933 Solid State Physics - 951 Materials Science Treatment:Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1002/pola.22023 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 65> Accession number:073610803884 Title:Hidden space-based nonlinear discriminant feature extraction method Authors:Chen, Caikou; Yang, Jingyu Author affiliation:Information Engineering College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China Serial title:International Journal of Computer Mathematics Abbreviated serial title:Int J Comput Math Volume:v 84 Issue:n 9 Issue date:September 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 1299-1308 Language:English ISSN:0020-7160 CODEN:IJCMAT Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Taylor and Francis Ltd., Abingdon, Oxfordshire, OX14 4RN, United Kingdom Abstract:A novel nonlinear feature extraction method based on the scatter difference criterion in hidden space is developed. The main idea is that the original input space is first mapped into a hidden space through a hidden function, which is still referred to as the kernel function in the proposed method, and, in this space, feature extraction is conducted using the difference of between-class scatter and within-class scatter as the discriminant criterion. Different from the existing kernel-based feature extraction methods, the kernel functions used in the proposed method are not required to satisfy Mercer's theorem so that they can be chosen from a wide range. What is more important is that, due to the adoption of the scatter difference as the discriminant criterion for feature extraction, the proposed method essentially avoids the small sample size problem usually encountered in kernel Fisher discriminant analysis. Finally, extensive experiments have been performed on a subset of the FERET face database and the CENPARMI handwritten digital database. The experimental results indicate that the proposed method outperforms traditional scatter difference discriminant analysis in recognition performance. Number of references:16 Ei main heading:Feature extraction Ei controlled terms:Biometrics - Database systems - Function evaluation - Image compression - Problem solving Uncontrolled terms:Fisher discriminant analysis - Digital database Ei classification codes:461 Bioengineering and Biology - 716 Telecommunication; Radar, Radio and Television - 723.3 Database Systems - 723.4 Artificial Intelligence - 741 Light, Optics and Optical Devices - 921.6 Numerical Methods Treatment:Theoretical (THR) DOI:10.1080/00207160701250493 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 66> Accession number:075010974490 Title:Solubility of β-sitosteryl maleate and stigmasteryl maleate in acetone and ethyl acetate Authors:Wang, Ya-Qiong; Ji, Ming-Jie; Cao, Yu; Xu, Wen-Lin Author affiliation:College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China Serial title:Journal of Chemical and Engineering Data Abbreviated serial title:J Chem Eng Data Volume:v 52 Issue:n 6 Issue date:November/December 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 2110-2111 Language:English ISSN:0021-9568 CODEN:JCEAAX Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:American Chemical Society, Columbus, OH 43210-3337, United States Abstract:The solubility of β-sitosteryl maleate and stigmasteryl maleate in acetone and ethyl acetate was determined by a dynamic method. The results show that the solubility of β-sitosteryl maleate or stigmasteryl maleate in ethyl acetate or acetone increases when temperatures increase, and the solubility of β-sitosteryl maleate is higher than that of stigmasteryl maleate in two solvents in the range of experimental temperatures. The relation between the experimental solubility as mole fractions and temperatures could be correlated by means of expressions of the form log(1/x) = A/T + B for the researched systems. © 2007 American Chemical Society. Number of references:12 Ei main heading:Hydrogen inorganic compounds Ei controlled terms:Acetone - Reaction kinetics - Solubility - Thermal effects Uncontrolled terms:β-sitosteryl maleate - Stigmasteryl maleate Ei classification codes:641 Heat and Mass Transfer; Thermodynamics - 801.4 Physical Chemistry - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 951 Materials Science Treatment:Theoretical (THR); Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1021/je7000396 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 67> Accession number:075110979287 Title:Assembly process planning using a multi-objective optimization method Authors:Qin, Yong-Fa; Xu, Zhi-Gang Author affiliation:Mechanical Engineering College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, 225009, China Serial title:Proceedings of the 2007 IEEE International Conference on Mechatronics and Automation, ICMA 2007 Abbreviated serial title:Proc IEEE Int Conf Mechatronics Autom, ICMA Monograph title:Proceedings of the 2007 IEEE International Conference on Mechatronics and Automation, ICMA 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 593-598 Language:English ISBN-10:1424408288 Document type:Conference article (CA) Conference name:2007 IEEE International Conference on Mechatronics and Automation, ICMA 2007 Conference date:Aug 5-8 2007 Conference location:Harbin, China Conference code:70724 Sponsor:IEEE Robotics and Automation Society;Harbin Engineering University;Kagawa University;National Natural Science Foundation of China;The Ministry of Education (MOE) of P. R. China Publisher:Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Computer Society, Piscataway, NJ 08855-1331, United States Abstract:Assembly process planning is a multi-objective optimization problem. Aiming to deal with such a complex multi-objective optimization problem, a new Pareto-based multi-objective evolutionary algorithm with fuzzy evaluating method is constructed in this paper. The optimization model of assembly process planning is established. Several key technology, such as Pareto optimal front, solution ranking method are described. A fuzzy evaluating method for Pareto optimal front is proposed, and GASA (hybrids Genetic Algorithms and Simulated Annealing Algorithms) optimization strategy is applied in the proposed algorithms. A program, called MOGASA (multi-objective optimization program using GASA algorithms) is developed based on the algorithms to solve assembly process planning problem. A computation example is presented in the paper. © 2007 IEEE. Number of references:23 Ei main heading:Program assemblers Ei controlled terms:Evolutionary algorithms - Fuzzy systems - Hybrid computers - Pareto principle Uncontrolled terms:Assembly process planning Multiobjective evolutionary optimization - Optimization problems - Fuzzy evaluating methods - Simulated Annealing Algorithms Ei classification codes:722.5 Analog and Hybrid Computers - 723.1 Computer Programming - 911 Cost and Value Engineering; Industrial Economics - 961 Systems Science Treatment:Theoretical (THR) DOI:10.1109/ICMA.2007.4303610 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 68> Accession number:071310511358 Title:A game theory model of urban public traffic networks Authors:Su, B.B.; Chang, H.; Chen, Y.-Z.; He, D.R. Author affiliation:College of Physics Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China Serial title:Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications Abbreviated serial title:Phys A Stat Mech Appl Volume:v 379 Issue:n 1 Issue date:Jun 1 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 291-297 Language:English ISSN:0378-4371 CODEN:PHYADX Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1000 AE, Netherlands Abstract:We have studied urban public traffic networks from the viewpoint of complex networks and game theory. Firstly, we have empirically investigated an urban public traffic network in Beijing in 2003, and obtained its statistical properties. Then a simplified game theory model is proposed for simulating the evolution of the traffic network. The basic idea is that three network manipulators, passengers, an urban public traffic company, and a government traffic management agency, play games in a network evolution process. Each manipulator tries to build the traffic lines to magnify its "benefit". Simulation results show a good qualitative agreement with the empirical results. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Number of references:11 Ei main heading:Urban planning Ei controlled terms:Computer simulation Game theory Mathematical models - Statistical mechanics - Street traffic control Uncontrolled terms:Urban public traffic - Network manipulators - Government traffic management agency - Public traffic networks Ei classification codes:403.1 Urban Planning and Development - 406.2 Roads and Streets - 432.4 Highway Traffic Control - 723.5 Computer Applications - 921 Mathematics - 922.1 Probability Theory - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics - 931.1 Mechanics Treatment:Theoretical (THR) DOI:10.1016/j.physa.2006.12.049 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 69> Accession number:072810695311 Title:Inhibitive detection of benzoic acid using a novel phenols biosensor based on polyaniline-polyacrylonitrile composite matrix Authors:Shan, Dan; Shi, Qiaofang; Zhu, Daobin; Xue, Huaiguo Author affiliation:Key Laboratory of Environmental Materials and Environmental Engineering of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou, 225002, China Serial title:Talanta Abbreviated serial title:Talanta Volume:v 72 Issue:n 5 Issue date:Jul 31 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 1767-1772 Language:English ISSN:0039-9140 CODEN:TLNTA2 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1000 AE, Netherlands Abstract:A novel sensitive and stable phenols amperometric biosensor, based on polyaniline-polyacrylonitrile composite matrix, was applied for determination of benzoic acid. The electrochemical biosensor functioning was based on the inhibition effect of benzoic acid on the biocatalytic activity of the polyphenol oxidase (PPO) to its substrate (catechol) in 0.1 M phosphate buffer solution (pH 6.5). A potential value of -50 mV versus SCE, and a constant catechol concentration of 20 μM were selective to carry out the amperometric inhibition measurement. The kinetic parameters Michaelis-Menten constant (KMapp) and maximum current (Imax) in the absence and in the presence of benzoic acid were also evaluated and the possible inhibition mechanism was deduced. The inhibiting action of benzoic acid on the polyphenol oxidase electrode was reversible and of the typical competitive type, with an apparent inhibition constant of 38 μM. This proposed biosensor detected levels of benzoic acid as low as 2 × 10-7 M in solution. In addition, the effects of temperature, pH value of solution on the inhibition and the interferences were investigated and discussed herein. Inhibition studies revealed that the proposed electrochemical biosensor was applicable for monitoring benzoic acid in real sample such as milk, yoghurt, sprite and cola. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Number of references:31 Ei main heading:Carboxylic acids Ei controlled terms:Amperometric sensors - Biocatalysts - Biosensors - Concentration (process) - Phenols - Polyphenylene oxides - Thermal effects Uncontrolled terms:Inhibition effect - Electrochemical biosensor - Composite biosensor Ei classification codes:641 Heat and Mass Transfer; Thermodynamics - 801.2 Biochemistry - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 815.1.1 Organic Polymers - 942.1 Electric and Electronic Instruments - 951 Materials Science Treatment:Theoretical (THR); Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1016/j.talanta.2007.02.007 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 70> Accession number:073110735069 Title:Influence of yttrium ion-implantation on oxidation kinetics of Co-40Cr alloy and property of oxide/substrate interface Authors:Jin, Huiming; Wu, Dan; Congrado, Felix; Hayara, Aroyave Author affiliation:Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China Serial title:Journal Wuhan University of Technology, Materials Science Edition Abbreviated serial title:J Wuhan Univ Technol Mater Sci Ed Volume:v 22 Issue:n 2 Issue date:June 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 201-204 Language:English ISSN:1000-2413 CODEN:JWUTE8 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Springer Verlag, Heidelberg, D-69121, Germany Abstract:The isothermal and cyclic oxidizing kinetics of Co-40Cr alloy and its yttrium ion-implanted samples were studied at 1000°C in air by thermal-gravity analysis (TGA). Scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) was used to examine the Cr2O3 oxide film's morphology after oxidation. Secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS) method was used to examine the binding energy change of chromium caused by yttrium doping. Acoustic emission (AE) method was used in situ to monitor the cracking and spalling of oxide films formed on both samples during oxidizing and subsequent air-cooling stages. It is found that yttrium implantation remarkably reduces the isothermal oxidizing rate of Co-40Cr and improves the anti-cracking and anti-spalling properties of Cr2O3 oxide film. The reasons for the improvements are mainly that implanted yttrium reduces the grain size of Cr2O 3 oxide, increases the high temperature plasticity of oxide film, and remarkably reduces the number and size of Cr2O3/Co-40Cr interfacial defects. © 2007 Wuhan University of Technology and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg. Number of references:8 Ei main heading:Cobalt alloys Ei controlled terms:Acoustic emissions - Ion implantation - Oxidation - Scanning electron microscopy - Substrates - Yttrium compounds Uncontrolled terms:Element binding energy Temperature plasticity - Anti-cracking - Anti-spalling Ei classification codes:549.3 Others, including Bismuth, Boron, Cadmium, Cobalt, Mercury, Niobium, Selenium, Silicon, Tellurium and Zirconium - 712.1 Semiconducting Materials - 741.1 Light/Optics - 751.2 Acoustic Properties of Materials - 801 Chemistry - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 804.1 Organic Compounds Treatment:Theoretical (THR); Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1007/s11595-005-2201-0 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 71> Accession number:074010851514 Title:Electrochemical study of ferrocenemethanol-modified layered double hydroxides composite matrix: Application to glucose amperometric biosensor Authors:Shan, Dan; Yao, Wenjuan; Xue, Huaiguo Author affiliation:College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China Serial title:Biosensors and Bioelectronics Abbreviated serial title:Biosens. Bioelectron. Volume:v 23 Issue:n 3 Issue date:Oct 31 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 432-437 Language:English ISSN:0956-5663 CODEN:BBIOE4 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Elsevier Ltd, Oxford, OX5 1GB, United Kingdom Abstract:A novel amperometric glucose sensor based on co-immobilization of ferrocenemethanol (MeOHFc) and glucose oxidase (GOD) in the layered double hydroxides (LDHs) was described. MeOHFc immobilized in LDHs played effectively the role of an electron shuttle and allowed the detection of glucose at 0.25 V (versus SCE), with dramatically reduced interference from easily oxidizable constituents. The sensor (LDHs/MeOHFc/GOD) exhibited a relatively fast response (response time was about 5 s), low detection limit (3 μM), and high sensitivity (ca. 60 mA M-1 cm-2) with a linear range of 6.7 × 10-6 to 3.86 × 10-4 M of glucose. Apparent Michaelis-Menten constant was calculated to be 2.25 mM. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Number of references:42 Ei main heading:Glucose sensors Ei controlled terms:Amperometric sensors - Electrochemistry - Glucose oxidase Uncontrolled terms:Mediated biosensor - Ferrocenemethanol - Layered double hydroxides - Electron shuttle Ei classification codes:461.9 Biology - 462.1 Biomedical Equipment, General - 801.4.1 Electrochemistry - 942.1 Electric and Electronic Instruments Treatment:Theoretical (THR); Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1016/j.bios.2007.06.007 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 72> Accession number:074610916962 Title:Synthesis and aggregation behavior of N-succinyl-o-carboxymethylchitosan in aqueous solutions Authors:Zhu, Aiping; Yuan, Lanhua; Lu, Yan Author affiliation:College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China Serial title:Colloid and Polymer Science Abbreviated serial title:Colloid Polym. Sci. Volume:v 285 Issue:n 14 Issue date:November 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 1535-1541 Language:English ISSN:0303-402X CODEN:CPMSB6 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Springer Verlag, Heidelberg, D-69121, Germany Abstract:A simple and novel method was developed to successfully synthesize N-succinyl-O-carboxymethylchitosan (NSOCMCS) using N-acylation of chitosan with succinic anhydride. The NSOCMCS structure was characterized by Fourier transform infrared and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance. The aggregation behaviors of NSOCMCS were studied using fluorescence spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, and atomic force microscopy techniques. The critical aggregation concentration of NSOCMCS in water was determined to be 0.2-0.3 mg/ml. The apparent hydrodynamic radium of an NSOCMCS aggregate was dependent on the concentration. The aggregates demonstrated a much swollen association conformation in aqueous solution. The possible aggregation mechanisms for the NSOCMCS in water are discussed. Moreover, a driving force to form an open aggregation morphology was revealed in this study. Aggregation behaviors are important physicochemical properties of NSOCMCS, which impact the potential application in the biomedical field. © Springer-Verlag 2007. Number of references:28 Ei main heading:Polysaccharides Ei controlled terms:Agglomeration - Hydrodynamics - Radium - Solutions - Synthesis (chemical) Uncontrolled terms:Chitosan - Aggregation behavior - Succinic anhydride Ei classification codes:622.1 Radioactive Materials, General - 631.2 Hydrodynamics - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 815.1.1 Organic Polymers Treatment:Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1007/s00396-007-1716-7 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 73> Accession number:070610410031 Title:Development of amperometric biosensor for glucose based on a novel attractive enzyme immobilization matrix: Calcium carbonate nanoparticles Authors:Shan, Dan; Zhu, Mingjuan; Xue, Huaiguo; Cosnier, Serge Author affiliation:School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China Serial title:Biosensors and Bioelectronics Abbreviated serial title:Biosens. Bioelectron. Volume:v 22 Issue:n 8 Issue date:Mar 15 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 1612-1617 Language:English ISSN:0956-5663 CODEN:BBIOE4 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Elsevier Ltd, Oxford, OX5 1GB, United Kingdom Abstract:Calcium carbonate nanoparticles (nano-CaCO3) may be a promising material for enzyme immobilization owing to their high biocompatibility, large specific surface area and their aggregation properties. This attractive material was exploited for the mild immobilization of glucose oxidase (GOD) in order to develop glucose amperometric biosensor. The GOD/nano-CaCO3-based sensor exhibited a marked improvement in thermal stability compared to other glucose biosensors based on inorganic host matrixes. Amperometric detection of glucose was evaluated by holding the modified electrode at 0.60 V (versus SCE) in order to oxidize the hydrogen peroxide generated by the enzymatic reaction. The biosensor exhibited a rapid response (6 s), a low detection limit (0.1 μM), a wide linear range of 0.001-12 mM, a high sensitivity (58.1 mA cm-2 M-1), as well as a good operational and storage stability. In addition, optimization of the biosensor construction, the effects of the applied potential as well as common interfering compounds on the amperometric response of the sensor were investigated and discussed herein. © 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Number of references:36 Ei main heading:Amperometric sensors Ei controlled terms:Biocompatibility Calcium compounds Enzyme immobilization - Glucose - Hydrogen peroxide - Sensitivity analysis - Thermodynamic stability Uncontrolled terms:Calcium carbonate - Nanoparticles - Inorganic matrix - Glucose oxidase Ei classification codes:461.8 Biotechnology 461.9.1 Immunology 641.1 Thermodynamics - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 921 Mathematics - 942.1 Electric and Electronic Instruments Treatment:Theoretical (THR); Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1016/j.bios.2006.07.019 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 74> Accession number:071210493178 Title:Investigation of PEG 6000/Tween 80/Span 80/H2O niosome microstructure Authors:Liu, Tianqing; Guo, Rong Author affiliation:School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 25002, China Serial title:Colloid and Polymer Science Abbreviated serial title:Colloid Polym. Sci. Volume:v 285 Issue:n 6 Issue date:March 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 711-713 Language:English ISSN:0303-402X CODEN:CPMSB6 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Springer Verlag, Heidelberg, D-69121, Germany Abstract:A stable niosome is prepared from Poly(ethylene glycol) [PEG] 6000/Tween 80/Span 80/H2O lamellar liquid crystal. The niosome structures and properties are studied by the methods of negative-staining transmission electron microscopy and small angle X-ray diffraction. A new calculating method is first put forward to obtain the microstructure and layer number of the niosome membrane. The membrane thickness and layer number of the niosome are 8-22 nm and 1-3.5 in PEG 6000/Tween 80/Span 80/H2O system. © Springer-Verlag 2007. Number of references:20 Ei main heading:Liquid crystal polymers Ei controlled terms:Crystal microstructure - Lamellar structures - Polyethylene glycols - Polymeric membranes - Transmission electron microscopy - X ray diffraction analysis Uncontrolled terms:Niosome - Lamellar liquid crystal Ei classification codes:741.3 Optical Devices and Systems - 801.1 Chemistry, General - 801.4 Physical Chemistry - 815.1.1 Organic Polymers - 817.1 Polymer Products - 933.1.1 Crystal Lattice Treatment:Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1007/s00396-006-1627-z Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 75> Accession number:072010599082 Title:Preparation and properties of highly stable innocuous niosome in Span 80/PEG 400/H2O system Authors:Hua, Wei; Liu, Tianqing Author affiliation:School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jinagsu 25002, China Serial title:Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects Abbreviated serial title:Colloids Surf. A Physicochem. Eng. Asp. Volume:v 302 Issue:n 1-3 Issue date:Jul 20 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 377-382 Language:English ISSN:0927-7757 CODEN:CPEAEH Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1000 AE, Netherlands Abstract:The highly stable innocuous niosome composed of only three components is successfully prepared in Span 80/PEG 400/H2O system. The niosome properties are studied by some means of freeze fracture replication-transmission electron microscopy, negative staining-transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering and differential scanning calorimetry. The obtained results indicate that the niosome can be stable for over one year. The niosome diameter is between 100 and 180 nm. The compositions of the system affect the preparation and properties of the niosome. But the temperature and ionic intensity do not distinctly change the stability and the radius. The formation mechanism of the niosome is discussed in this paper. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Number of references:35 Ei main heading:Polyethylene glycols Ei controlled terms:Differential scanning calorimetry - Dynamic light scattering - Fracture mechanics - Thermal effects - Transmission electron microscopy Uncontrolled terms:Innocuous niosome - Ionic intensity Ei classification codes:641 Heat and Mass Transfer; Thermodynamics - 741.1 Light/Optics - 741.3 Optical Devices and Systems - 815.1.1 Organic Polymers - 931.1 Mechanics - 944.6 Temperature Measurements Treatment:Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1016/j.colsurfa.2007.02.068 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 76> Accession number:072410653862 Title:Control of electroosmotic flow by a cation additive to enhance the separation of amino acids by micellar electrokinetic chromatography Authors:Qu, Qishu; Tang, Xiaoqing; Mangelings, Debby; Wang, Chengyin; Yang, Gongjun; Hu, Xiaoya; Yan, Chao Author affiliation:Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmental Materials and Environmental Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China Serial title:Journal of Chromatography B: Analytical Technologies in the Biomedical and Life Sciences Abbreviated serial title:J. Chromatogr. B Anal. Technol. Biomed. Life Sci. Volume:v 853 Issue:n 1-2 Issue date:Jun 15 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 31-37 Language:English ISSN:1570-0232 CODEN:JCBAAI Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1000 AE, Netherlands Abstract:The effect of a divalent cation (Mg2+) and 3 monovalent cations (Na+, Li+, and K+) as buffer additives on the electroosmotic flow (EOF) was investigated in order to improve the separation performance of p-acetamidobenzenesulfonyl fluoride (PAABS-F) derivatives of 20 standard amino acids by micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC). The EOF can be decreased with increasing concentration of cations with the order of cations as Mg2+ > K+ > Na+ > Li+. However, it was found that the resolution cannot be improved easily using a buffer cation which is more capable of decreasing the EOF. Taking the migration time, resolution, and peak shape into account, Na+ is the best buffer additive, although the EOF decreased most using Mg2+. Using 20 mmol/L borate at pH 9.3 containing 140 mmol/L SDS and 20 mmol/L Na+ as electrolyte, 20 standard amino acids were successfully separated within 14 min. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Number of references:38 Ei main heading:Amino acids Ei controlled terms:Additives - Chromatographic analysis - Electroosmosis - Fluoride minerals - Micelles - Positive ions - pH effects Uncontrolled terms:Micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) - Electroosmotic flow - Cation additives Ei classification codes:482.2 Minerals - 701.1 Electricity: Basic Concepts and Phenomena - 801.1 Chemistry, General - 801.3 Colloid Chemistry - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 804.1 Organic Compounds Treatment:Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1016/j.jchromb.2007.02.061 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 77> Accession number:073410780904 Title:Properties of polyaniline synthesized in ionic liquid (1-ethyl-3- methylimidazoliumethyl sulphate) Authors:Shi, Qiaofang; Zhang, Ya; Jing, Guolin; Kan, Jinqing Author affiliation:School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China Serial title:Iranian Polymer Journal (English Edition) Abbreviated serial title:Iran Polym J Eng Ed Volume:v 16 Issue:n 5 Issue date:May 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 337-344 Language:English ISSN:1026-1265 CODEN:IPJOFF Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Polymer Research Center of Iran, Teheran, 14977, Iran Abstract:The electroactive polyaniline at high pH was electrochemically synthesized in a solution containing 0.2 mol.dm-3 aniline and ionic liquid, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium-ethyl sulphate (EMIES). The cyclic voltammograms of the polyaniline were performed in 1.0 mol.dm-3 KCl in a range of pH from 8.0 to 12.0 between 0.0 and 1.2 V at 60 mV.s-1. The results indicated only 14.4% decay of the electrochemical activity when the polyaniline was moved from pH 8.0 to 10.0. The polyaniline still retains good electrochemical activity at pH 12.0. The results of UV-visible and FTIR spectrum reveal that the framework of polyaniline synthesized in EMIES Is similar to that of polyaniline synthesized in HCl. The thermal behaviour of the polyaniline prepared in EMIES shows a three-step weight loss process, they are at about 100°C, 200-300°C and over 350°C, respectively. The conductivity of polyaniline synthesized in EMIES is 0.011 S.cm-1. After immersion of polyaniline into 1.0 mol.dm-3 HCl or 1.0 mol.dm-3 KCl for one hour, Its conductivity enhances to 0.53 or 0.052 S.cm-1, respectively. Based on the results of osmometry, the average molecular weight of the polyaniline is about 4.97×104. The polyaniline can be dissolved in DMF and other common organic solvents but little in water, which Is very favourable to structural analysis and applications of polyaniline. Number of references:31 Ei main heading:Polyaniline Ei controlled terms:Electric conductivity - Electrochemistry - Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy - Hydrochloric acid - Ionic liquids - Organic solvents - Structural analysis - Synthesis (chemical) - Ultraviolet visible spectroscopy - pH effects Uncontrolled terms:Cyclic voltammograms - Osmometry - DMF - Electroactive Ei classification codes:408.1 Structural Design, General - 701.1 Electricity: Basic Concepts and Phenomena - 708.2 Conducting Materials - 741.3 Optical Devices and Systems - 801.4.1 Electrochemistry - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 815.1.1 Organic Polymers Treatment:Theoretical (THR) Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 78> Accession number:073310760806 Title:Phase diagram for the system ammonium oxalate + hydrogen peroxide + water at 283.15 K and 293.15 K Authors:Zhao, Hong-Kun; Zhang, Dao-Sen; Li, Rong-Rong; Su, Ming-Li; Tang, Cao Author affiliation:College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, YangZhou University, YangZhou, Jiangsu 225002, China Serial title:Journal of Chemical and Engineering Data Abbreviated serial title:J Chem Eng Data Volume:v 52 Issue:n 4 Issue date:July/August 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 1386-1389 Language:English ISSN:0021-9568 CODEN:JCEAAX Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:American Chemical Society, Columbus, OH 43210-3337, United States Abstract:The solubility of the ternary system (NH4)2C 2O4 + H2O2 + H2O was determined experimentally at 283.15 K and 293.15 K, and the phase diagrams for the system were constructed. In addition, the density of the saturated aqueous solution was measured. The experimental results showed that, at 283.15 K and 293.15 K, two solid phases were formed in the ternary (NH4) 2C2O4 + H2O2 + H 2O system which correspond to (NH4)2C 2·H2C) and (NH4)2C 2O4·H2O2. The compound (NH4)2C2O4·H 2O2 was further confirmed by Schreinemaker's wet residue method. The hydrate (NH4)2C2O 4·H2O has a bigger crystallization field than either (NH4)2C2O4·H 2O2 or the mixture of (NH4)2C 2O4·H2O and (NH4) 2C2O4·H2O. The solubilities of (NH4)2C2O4·H2 O increased sharply with an increase in the concentration of hydrogen peroxide and increased slightly with increasing temperature. © 2007 American Chemical Society. Number of references:13 Ei main heading:Ammonium compounds Ei controlled terms:Concentration (process) Hydrogen peroxide Phase diagrams - Solutions Uncontrolled terms:Saturated aqueous solution - Solid phases Ei classification codes:802.3 Chemical Operations - 803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 921.4 Combinatorial Mathematics, Includes Graph Theory, Set Theory Treatment:Theoretical (THR); Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1021/je700085h Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 79> Accession number:074410901061 Title:Self-assembled films of hemoglobin/laponite/chitosan: Application for the direct electrochemistry and catalysis to hydrogen peroxide Authors:Shan, Dan; Han, Ena; Xue, Huiaguo; Cosnier, Serge Author affiliation:Key Laboratory of Environmental Materials and Environmental Engineering of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou 225002, China Serial title:Biomacromolecules Abbreviated serial title:Biomacromolecules Volume:v 8 Issue:n 10 Issue date:October 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 3041-3046 Language:English ISSN:1525-7797 CODEN:BOMAF6 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:American Chemical Society, Columbus, OH 43210-3337, United States Abstract:A highly stable biological film was formed on the functional glassy carbon electrode (GCE) via step-by-step self-assembly of chitosan (CHT), laponite, and hemoglobin (Hb). Cyclic voltammetry (CV) of the Hb/ laponite/CHT/GCE showed a pair of stable and quasi-reversible peaks for the Hb-Fe(III)/Fe(II) redox couple at about -0.035 V versus a saturated calomel electrode in pH 6.0 phosphate buffer at a scan rate of 0.1 V s-1. The electrochemical reaction of Hb entrapped on the laponite/CHT self-assembled film exhibited a surface-controlled electrode process. The formal potential of the Hb-heme-Fe(III)/Fe(II) couple varied linearly with the increase of pH over the range of 3.0-8.0 with a slope of -63 mV pH-1, which implied that an electron transfer was accompanied by single-proton transfer in the electrochemical reaction. The position of the Soret absorption band of this self-assembled Hb/laponite/CHT film suggested that the entrapped Hb kept its secondary structure similar to its native state. The self-assembled film showed excellent long-term stability, the CV peak potentials kept in the same positions, and the cathodic peak currents retained 90% of their values after 60 days. The film was used as a biological catalyst to catalyze the reduction of hydrogen peroxide. The electrocatalytic response showed a linear dependence on the H2O2 concentration ranging widely from 6.2 × 10-6 to 2.55 × 10-3 M with a detection limit of 6.2 × 10-6 M at 3 σ. © 2007 American Chemical Society. Number of references:35 Ei main heading:Biofilms Ei controlled terms:Chitin Cyclic voltammetry Electrocatalysis Electrochemistry Electron transport properties - Hemoglobin - Hydrogen peroxide Uncontrolled terms:Self-assembled films - Laponite - Chitosan - Electrochemical reaction - Electron transfer Ei classification codes:461.2 Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 462.5 Biomaterials (including synthetics) - 801.4.1 Electrochemistry - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds Treatment:Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1021/bm070329d Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 80> Accession number:074510910897 Title:Identification and characterization of a major QTL responsible for erect panicle trait in japonica rice (Oryza sativa L.) Authors:Yan, Chang-Jie; Zhou, Ji-Hua; Yan, Song; Chen, Feng; Yeboah, Martin; Tang, Shu-Zhu; Liang, Guo-Hua; Gu, Ming-Hong Author affiliation:Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Agricultural College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China Serial title:Theoretical and Applied Genetics Abbreviated serial title:Theor. Appl. Genet. Volume:v 115 Issue:n 8 Issue date:November 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 1093-1100 Language:English ISSN:0040-5752 CODEN:THAGA6 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Springer Verlag, Heidelberg, D-69121, Germany Abstract:Panicle erectness (PE) is one of the most important traits for high-yielding japonica cultivars. Although several cultivars with PE trait have been developed and released for commercial production in China, there is little information on the inheritance of PE traits in rice. In the present study, 69 widely cultivated japonica cultivars and a double haploid (DH) population derived from a cross between a PE cultivar (Wuyunjing 8) and a drooping panicle cultivar (Nongken 57) were utilized to elucidate the mechanisms of PE formation and to map PE associated genes. Our data suggested that panicle length (PL) and plant height (PH) significantly affected panicle curvature (PC), with shorter PL and PH resulting in smaller PC and consequently more erect. A putative major gene was identified on chromosome 9 by molecular markers and bulk segregant analysis in DH population. In order to finely map the major gene, all simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers on chromosome 9 as well as 100 newly developed sequence-tagged site (STS) markers were used to construct a linkage group for quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping. A major QTL, qPE9-1, between STS marker H90 and SSR marker RM5652, was detected, and accounted for 41.72% of PC variation with pleiotropic effect on PH and PL. another QTL, qPE9-2, was also found to be adjacent to qPE9-1. In addition, we found that H90, the nearest marker to qPE9-1, used for genotyping 38 cultivars with extremely erect and drooping panicles, segregated in agreement with PC, suggesting the H90 product was possibly part of the qPE9-1 gene or closely related to it. These data demonstrated that H90 could be used for marker-aided selection for the PE trait in breeding and in the cloning of qPE9-1. © 2007 Springer-Verlag. Number of references:33 Ei main heading:Crops Ei controlled terms:Cloning - Data acquisition - Genes - Molecular structure Uncontrolled terms:Panicle erectness (PE) - Japonica rices - Simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers - Breeding Ei classification codes:461.2 Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 461.8.1 Genetic Engineering - 723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing - 801.4 Physical Chemistry - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 931.3 Atomic and Molecular Physics Treatment:Theoretical (THR); Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1007/s00122-007-0635-9 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 81> Accession number:064810281131 Title:Seasonal changes in the effects of free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE) on nitrogen (N) uptake and utilization of rice at three levels of N fertilization Authors:Yang, Lianxin; Huang, Jianye; Yang, Hongjie; Dong, Guichun; Liu, Hongjiang; Liu, Gang; Zhu, Jianguo; Wang, Yulong Author affiliation:Key Lab of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu, China Serial title:Field Crops Research Abbreviated serial title:Field Crops Res. Volume:v 100 Issue:n 2-3 Issue date:Feb 1 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 189-199 Language:English ISSN:0378-4290 CODEN:FCREDZ Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1000 AE, Netherlands Abstract:Over time, the relative effect of elevated [CO2] on the photosynthesis and dry matter (DM) production of rice crops is likely to be changed with increasing duration of CO2 exposure, but the resultant [CO2] effects on rice N concentration, uptake, efficiency and allocation remain unclear, especially under different soil N availability. Therefore, we conducted a free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE) experiment at Wuxi, Jiangsu, China, in 2001-2003. A japonica cultivar with large panicle was grown at ambient or elevated (ca. 200 μmol mol-1 above ambient) [CO2] under three levels of N: low (LN, 15 g N m2), medium (MN, 25 g N m2) and high N (HN, 35 g N m2 (2002, 2003)). The MN level was similar to that recommended to local farmers. Averaged across all N levels and years, shoot N concentration (dry base) was lower under FACE by 1.8%, 6.1%, 12.2%, 14.3%, 12.1%, and 6.9% at early-tillering, mid-tillering, panicle initiation (PI), booting, heading and grain maturity, respectively. Shoot N uptake under FACE was enhanced by 46%, 38%, 6% and 16% on average during the growth periods from transplanting to early-tillering (period 1), early-tillering to mid-tillering (period 2), mid-tillering to PI (period 3) and heading to grain maturity (period 5), respectively, but slightly decreased by 2% in the period from PI to heading (period 4). Seasonal changes in crop response to FACE in ratio of shoot N uptake during a given growth period to that over the whole season followed a similar pattern to that of shoot N uptake, with average responses of 33%, 26%, -3%, -11% and 10% in periods 1-5 of the growth period, respectively. As a result, FACE increased final aboveground N uptake by 9% at maturity. FACE greatly reduced the ratio of leaf to shoot N content over the season, while allocation of N to stems and spikes showed an opposite trend. FACE treatment resulted in the significant increase in N use efficiency for biomass (NUEp) over the season except at early-tillering and in N use efficiency for grain yield (NUEg) at grain maturity. These results indicate that, in order to maximize grain output in a future high [CO2] environment, the recommended rates, proportion and timing across the season of N application should be altered, in order to take full advantage of strong N uptake capacity during the early growth period and facilitate N uptake after that. © 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Number of references:30 Ei main heading:Crops Ei controlled terms:Climate change - Nitrogen - Fertilizers - Carbon dioxide Uncontrolled terms:Free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE) - Nitrogen concentration - Nitrogen uptake - Nitrogen allocation - Nitrogen efficiency Ei classification codes:821.4 Agricultural Products - 443.1 Atmospheric Properties - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 821.2 Agricultural Chemicals - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 811.0.3 Economics, Research and Miscellaneous - 811.0.2 Chemistry, Physics and Mathematics Treatment:Theoretical (THR); Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1016/j.fcr.2006.07.003 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 82> Accession number:073510788922 Title:Fabrication of PbS microstructures with different shapes in aqueous solutions of amphiphilic triblock copolymer Authors:Ding, Yuanhua; Liu, Xiaoxia; Guo, Rong Author affiliation:School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China Serial title:Journal of Crystal Growth Abbreviated serial title:J Cryst Growth Volume:v 307 Issue:n 1 Issue date:Sep 1 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 145-154 Language:English ISSN:0022-0248 CODEN:JCRGAE Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1000 AE, Netherlands Abstract:Hollow PbS nanospheres and branch-like PbS microstructures have been successfully synthesized by the reaction of Pb(Ac)2 with the S2- ions released slowly from thioacetamide (TAA) in Pluronic F127 aqueous solutions at room temperature. The obtained hollow PbS nanospheres have a wall thickness of about 40 nm, and the branch-like PbS microstructures have an average size of 0.7-2.2 μm. Both the wall of the hollow PbS nanospheres and the branch-like structures consist of cubic PbS nanocrystallites. It has been found that a minimum F127 concentration is required for the formation of hollow and branch-like PbS structures. With increasing F127 concentration, the diameter of the obtained hollow spheres increases gradually, whereas the size of the branch-like structures decreases. The addition of cyclohexane makes the diameter of hollow spheres decrease, but has little effect on the branch-like structures. Increasing the temperature of the solutions can significantly decrease the sizes of the hollow and branch-like structures. The complex micelles formed by Pb(Ac)2 and F127 micelles act as soft templates for the formation of hollow PbS nanospheres, and the complex monomeric F127 aggregates formed by Pb(Ac)2 and monomeric F127 chains play a structure-directing role in the formation of branch-like PbS microstructures. © 2007. Number of references:41 Ei main heading:Lead compounds Ei controlled terms:Block copolymers - Cyclohexane - Micelles - Microemulsions - Microstructure - Reaction kinetics Uncontrolled terms:Growth from solutions - Sulfides - Branch-like structures Ei classification codes:801.3 Colloid Chemistry - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 815.1 Polymeric Materials - 951 Materials Science Treatment:Theoretical (THR); Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2007.04.055 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 83> Accession number:073710806665 Title:In air synthesis of hexagonal Cd1 - xZnxS nanoparticles from single-source molecular precursors Authors:Zhang, Yong Cai; Chen, Wei Wei; Hu, Xiao Ya Author affiliation:College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou City, 225002, China Serial title:Materials Letters Abbreviated serial title:Mater Lett Volume:v 61 Issue:n 26 Issue date:October 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 4847-4850 Language:English ISSN:0167-577X CODEN:MLETDJ Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1000 AE, Netherlands Abstract:Ternary II-VI semiconductors have many excellent physical and chemical properties, and can be used in multiple technical fields. But their previous solid state synthesis methods usually need high reaction temperatures and rigorous conditions (e.g., in vacuum or under the protection of inert gases). In this letter, we report a novel solid state synthesis of hexagonal Cd1 xZnxS (x = 0-1) nanoparticles in air from a class of solid air-stable single-source molecular precursors (cadmium zinc bis(N,N-diethyldithiocarbamate, Cd1 xZnx-(DDTC)2) by two facile steps: firstly, Cd1 xZnx-(DDTC)2 (x = 0-1) were prepared directly through the precipitation reactions of stoichiometric cadmium sulfate, zinc acetate and sodium diethyldithiocarbamate in distilled water under the ambient condition (8 °C, 1 atmospheric pressure); secondly, hexagonal Cd1 - xZnxS (x = 0-1) nanoparticles were produced simply via thermolysis of the single-source precursors in air at 300 °C for 3 h. The proposed method may serve as a kind of simple, mild and cheap way to synthesize nanomaterials of many ternary metal sulfide semiconductors, which have promising applications in the photocatalysis and optoelectronic devices. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Number of references:18 Ei main heading:Nanoparticles Ei controlled terms:Chemical properties Inert gases Optoelectronic devices Photocatalysis Precipitation (chemical) Solid state reactions - Stoichiometry - Synthesis (chemical) Uncontrolled terms:Molecular precursors - High reaction temperatures - Cadmium sulfate Ei classification codes:741.1 Light/Optics - 741.3 Optical Devices and Systems - 761 Nanotechnology - 801 Chemistry - 801.4 Physical Chemistry - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 933 Solid State Physics Treatment:Theoretical (THR); Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1016/j.matlet.2007.03.055 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 84> Accession number:073710811990 Title:A fluorescence spectroscopic study of the interaction between epristeride and bovin serum albumine and its analytical application Authors:Gong, Aiqin; Zhu, Xiashi; Hu, Yanyan; Yu, Suhai Author affiliation:College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China Serial title:Talanta Abbreviated serial title:Talanta Volume:v 73 Issue:n 4 Issue date:Oct 15 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 668-673 Language:English ISSN:0039-9140 CODEN:TLNTA2 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1000 AE, Netherlands Abstract:A new spectrofluorimetric method to determine epristeride (EP) has been developed, which based on the EP has a strong ability to quench the intrinsic fluorescence of bovine serum albumin (BSA). There was the relationship between the fluorescence quenching intensity of BSA (ΔF = FBSA - FBSA-EP) and the concentration EP. The quenching mechanism was investigated with the quenching type, the association constants, the number of binding sites and basic thermodynamic parameters. The method had been successfully applied to the analysis of EP in real samples and the obtained results were in good agreement with the results of official method-HPLC. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Number of references:19 Ei main heading:Proteins Ei controlled terms:Fluorescence spectroscopy - Molecular interactions - Quenching - Rate constants - Thermodynamic properties Uncontrolled terms:Epristeride - Bovine serum albumin (BSA) - Fluorescence quenching Ei classification codes:537.1 Heat Treatment Processes - 641.1 Thermodynamics - 741.3 Optical Devices and Systems - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 931.3 Atomic and Molecular Physics - 941.3 Optical Instruments - 941.4 Optical Variables Measurements Treatment:Theoretical (THR); Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1016/j.talanta.2007.04.041 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 85> Accession number:070610407471 Title:Rheology of isothermally crystallized poly(butylene terephthalate) nanocomposites with clay loadings under the percolation threshold Authors:Wu, Defeng; Zhou, Chixing; Zhang, Ming Author affiliation:School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225002, China Serial title:Journal of Polymer Science, Part B: Polymer Physics Abbreviated serial title:J Polym Sci Part B Volume:v 45 Issue:n 2 Issue date:Jan 15 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 229-238 Language:English ISSN:0887-6266 CODEN:JPBPEM Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:John Wiley and Sons Inc., Newark, NJ 07191-8667, United States Abstract:This article describes the structural evolution of clay in poly(butylene terephthalate) nanocomposites (PCNs) with clay loadings lower than the percolation threshold during the isothermal crystallization process. The study of the structure and rheological properties has revealed that the intercalation and detachment levels of clay are enhanced in samples crystallized at a high temperature (210 °C), in contrast to those of the original PCN, and this results in the formation of a rheological percolation network. However, for PCNs crystallized at a low temperature (190 °C), the further structural evolution of the tactoids is very small. All the experimental results indicate that the morphologies of clay can further evolve during the crystallization process, but the evolution level is strongly dependent on the crystallization temperature. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Number of references:41 Ei main heading:Nanostructured materials Ei controlled terms:Clay - Crystallization - Isotherms - Low temperature effects - Polybutenes - Rheology Uncontrolled terms:Rheological percolation network - Isothermal crystallization - Percolation networks - Poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT) Ei classification codes:483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 641.1 Thermodynamics - 644.4 Cryogenics - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 815.1.1 Organic Polymers - 931.1 Mechanics - 933.1 Crystalline Solids Treatment:Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1002/polb.21044 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 86> Accession number:070610410540 Title:Structure and transformation of the niosome prepared from PEG 6000/Tween 80/Span 80/H2O lamellar liquid crystal Authors:Liu, Tianqing; Guo, Rong Author affiliation:School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jinagsu 25002, China Serial title:Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects Abbreviated serial title:Colloids Surf. A Physicochem. Eng. Asp. Volume:v 295 Issue:n 1-3 Issue date:Mar 1 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 130-134 Language:English ISSN:0927-7757 CODEN:CPEAEH Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1000 AE, Netherlands Abstract:The microstructure and transformation of the niosome prepared from poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) 6000/Tween 80/Span 80/H2O lamellar liquid crystal (LLC) are studied by the methods of freeze fracture-TEM, negative-staining TEM, dynamic light scattering technique and micropolarity measurements. The size of the niosome made from the LLC is little larger than that from directly mixing samples. The layer membrane of the former niosome is looser than that of the later niosome. The former niosome is held with the partial behaviors of the LLC and can tend to be transformed into the later niosome. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Number of references:23 Ei main heading:Liquid crystals Ei controlled terms:Light scattering - Microstructure - Polyethylene glycols Uncontrolled terms:Lamellar liquid crystals - Niosome - Micropolarity measurements Ei classification codes:531.2 Metallography - 741.1 Light/Optics - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 815.1.1 Organic Polymers Treatment:Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1016/j.colsurfa.2006.08.041 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 87> Accession number:071310513596 Title:Exchange bias and coercivity in nonmagnetic doped ferromagnetic/antiferromagnetic (FM/AFM) systems Authors:Ma, Mei; Wang, Xingfu; Cai, Lei; Hu, Jingguo Author affiliation:Department of Physics, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China Serial title:Jisuan Wuli/Chinese Journal of Computational Physics Abbreviated serial title:Jisuan Wuli Volume:v 24 Issue:n 1 Issue date:January 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 78-82 Language:Chinese ISSN:1001-246X CODEN:JIWUEP Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Editorial Board of Chinese Journal of Computational, Beijing, 100088, China Abstract:The exchange bias and coercivity of FM/AFM bilayers and FM/AFM mixed monolayers with nonmagnetic dilution are studied in a Monte Carlo model. It shows that the exchange bias increases and then decreases with the increasing of dilution concentration while the coercivity decreases and then increases. With the same dilution concentration, both the exchange bias and the coercivity of the regular dilution are stronger than those of random dilution in FM/AFM bilayers. But in the mixed monolayer, the exchange bias of regular dilution is weaker than that of random dilution while the coercivity becomes stronger. Regular dilution results asymmetry in the hysteresis loops distinctly. It shows that the asymmetry of hysteresis loops in FM/AFM systems depends on the interface microstructure. Number of references:22 Ei main heading:Monolayers Ei controlled terms:Antiferromagnetic materials - Coercive force - Ferromagnetic materials - Hysteresis - Microstructure - Monte Carlo methods Uncontrolled terms:Ferromagnetic/antiferromagnetic system - Exchange bias and coercivity Ei classification codes:701.2 Magnetism: Basic Concepts and Phenomena - 708.4 Magnetic Materials - 712.1 Semiconducting Materials - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics Treatment:Applications (APP); Experimental (EXP) Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 88> Accession number:071610559553 Title:Synthesis of poly(o-toluidine) in the presence of magnetic field and dysprosium chloride Authors:Kan, Jinqing; Tang, Rong; Zhang, Ya Author affiliation:School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China Serial title:Journal of Applied Polymer Science Abbreviated serial title:J. Appl. Polym. Sci. Volume:v 104 Issue:n 4 Issue date:May 15 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 2174-2179 Language:English ISSN:0021-8995 CODEN:JAPNAB Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:John Wiley and Sons Inc., Newark, NJ 07191-8667, United States Abstract:The poly-o-toluidine (POT) was prepared under different magnetization in solution containing 0.5 mol dm-3 o-toluidine, 1.0 mol dm-3 HCl with and without 0.5 mol dm-3 DyCl3, respectively. Their conductivity, UV-vis; FTIR spectra, X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were investigated. The results of conductivity showed that magnetic field and the cooperative effect of Dy3+ and magnetic field do obvious effect to conductivity of POT. Meantime, they also can make the energy for the π-ψ* transitions and quinoid ring transition in UV-vis spectra smaller. At high magnetization the peaks of POT due to Q-NH+-B or B-NH+-B and C-H out of plane on 1,4-ring or 1,2,4-ring disappeared in FTIR spectra. Magnetic field and Dy3+ can make three dimensions morphologies of the POT clear, but they scarcely affect the crystallinity of POT. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Number of references:38 Ei main heading:Magnetic fields Ei controlled terms:Conductive materials - Dysprosium compounds - Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Scanning electron microscopy Synthesis (chemical) - Thermogravimetric analysis - X ray diffraction Uncontrolled terms:Poly-o-toluidine - Dysprosium chloride - Quinoid ring transition Ei classification codes:701.2 Magnetism: Basic Concepts and Phenomena - 708.2 Conducting Materials - 741.1 Light/Optics - 801 Chemistry - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 931.3 Atomic and Molecular Physics Treatment:Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1002/app.24848 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 89> Accession number:071810584536 Title:Effect of epoxy resin on rheology of polycarbonate/clay nanocomposites Authors:Wu, Defeng; Wu, Lanfeng; Zhang, Ming; Wu, Liang Author affiliation:School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu 225002, China Serial title:European Polymer Journal Abbreviated serial title:Eur Polym J Volume:v 43 Issue:n 5 Issue date:May 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 1635-1644 Language:English ISSN:0014-3057 CODEN:EUPJAG Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Elsevier Ltd, Oxford, OX5 1GB, United Kingdom Abstract:Polycarbonate/clay nanocomposites (PCNs) were prepared by melt intercalation using epoxy resin as a compatibilizer. The intercalated structure of PCNs was investigated using XRD and TEM. The linear and nonlinear dynamic rheological properties of PCNs were measured by the use of a parallel plate rheometer. The results reveal that the presence of epoxy influences rheological behavior of PCNs significantly. Addition of epoxy can improve dispersion of clay, enhancing the low-frequency viscoelastic responses; while high loadings of epoxy lead to a severe degradation of PC matrix, decreasing the high-frequency responses together with the plasticizing effect of excessive epoxy. Both of these two effects result in invalidity of time-temperature superposition. Moreover, all samples show high sensitivity to both the quiescent and large amplitude oscillatory shear (LAOS) deformation, despite enhanced percolation of tactoids due to the compatibilization of epoxy. © 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Number of references:48 Ei main heading:Epoxy resins Ei controlled terms:Clay - Compatibilizers - Intercalation - Nanocomposites - Polycarbonates - Rhe ology - Thermodynamic stability - Transmission electron microscopy - X ray diffraction Uncontrolled terms:Melt intercalation Large amplitude oscillatory shear (LAOS) - Tactoids - Time temperature superposition Ei classification codes:483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 641.1 Thermodynamics - 741.3 Optical Devices and Systems - 761 Nanotechnology - 801.4 Physical Chemistry - 803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 815.1.1 Organic Polymers - 931.1 Mechanics - 931.3 Atomic and Molecular Physics - 933 Solid State Physics Treatment:Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2007.02.013 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 90> Accession number:073310760774 Title:Solubility and phase diagram of the quaternary sodium carbonate + ethanol + hydrogen peroxide + water system at T = 293.15 K Authors:Zhao, Hong-Kun; Li, Rong-Rong; Su, Ming-Li; Tang, Cao; Zhang, Dao-Sen; Zhang, Xiao-Xing Author affiliation:College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, YangZhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225002, China Serial title:Journal of Chemical and Engineering Data Abbreviated serial title:J Chem Eng Data Volume:v 52 Issue:n 4 Issue date:July/August 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 1213-1216 Language:English ISSN:0021-9568 CODEN:JCEAAX Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:American Chemical Society, Columbus, OH 43210-3337, United States Abstract:The solubility of the quaternary system sodium carbonate + ethanol + hydrogen peroxide + water was determined at 293.15 K using Schreinemaker's wet residue method. The phase diagram was constructed according to the Janeck method. There were three solid phases formed in the quaternary system, which corresponded to Na2-CO3·10H2O, Na 2CO3·1.5H2O2&middo t;H 2O, and Na2CO3·2H2O 2·H2O. The crystalline region of Na 2CO3·1.5H2O2&middo t;H 2O was larger than that of the other two solids, Na 2CO3·10H2O and Na2CO 3·2H2O2·H2O . Adding the ethanol into the Na2CO3 + H2O2 + H2O system could promote further crystallization and recover a greater fraction of Na2-CO3·1.5H2O 2·H2O. The concentrations of sodium carbonate and hydrogen peroxide in the mother liquor after separation from Na 2CO3·1.5H2O2&middo t;H 2O would be lowered as a result of the presence of ethanol. The solubility data and the phase diagram of the quaternary system could provide the fundamental basis and serve as a guide for the preparation of sodium percarbonate. © 2007 American Chemical Society. Number of references:14 Ei main heading:Sodium compounds Ei controlled terms:Concentration (process) Hydrogen peroxide Phase diagrams - Solubility Uncontrolled terms:Quaternary system - Sodium percarbonate Ei classification codes:801.4 Physical Chemistry - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 921.4 Combinatorial Mathematics, Includes Graph Theory, Set Theory Treatment:Theoretical (THR); Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1021/je600523s Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 91> Accession number:074710936000 Title:Key-controlled Rijndael algorithm with multiple S-boxes Authors:Yin, Xin-Chun; Yang, Jie; Xie, Li Author affiliation:Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China Serial title:Tongxin Xuebao/Journal on Communication Abbreviated serial title:Tongxin Xuebao Volume:v 28 Issue:n 9 Issue date:September 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 125-132 Language:Chinese ISSN:1000-436X Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Editorial Board of Journal on Communications, Beijing, 1000013, China Abstract:According to the design criterion of S-box in Rijndael algorithm, a number of S-boxes with good cryptographic properties were constructed, and the avalanche probabilities of these S-boxes were analyzed from variance point of view. Based on these studies, a key-controlled Rijndael algorithm with multiple S-boxes was proposed with the improvement of SubBytes algorithm in Rijndael. Experimental results show that the improved algorithm has stronger ability to resist differential attack, and the avalanche effect of the algorithm is more reasonable. Number of references:14 Ei main heading:Cryptography Ei controlled terms:Probability Uncontrolled terms:Rijndael algorithm - S-box - Differential attack - Avalanche probability - Avalanche effect Ei classification codes:723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 922.1 Probability Theory Treatment:Applications (APP) Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 92> Accession number:070710427043 Title:Electrochemical oxidation of p-sulfonated calix[8]arene Authors:Chen, Ming; Wang, Hui-Lan; Gu, Jing; Diao, Guo-Wang Author affiliation:College of Chemistry and Chemistry Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225002, China Serial title:Journal of Applied Electrochemistry Abbreviated serial title:J Appl Electrochem Volume:v 37 Issue:n 3 Issue date:March 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 331-337 Language:English ISSN:0021-891X CODEN:JAELBJ Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, 3311 GZ, Netherlands Abstract:The water-soluble p-sulfonated sodium salt of calix[8]arene (III) was synthesized. The product was characterized by FT-IR, NMR and UV-Vis spectra.Then the electrochemical behaviors of p-sulfonated sodium salt of calix[8]arene in NaAc+HAc (pH = 4) buffer solution was studied. In aqueous solution, p-sulfonated calix[8]arene can be oxidized when the potential is more than 0.7 V vs SCE. It was confirmed that the reaction was a two-electron irreversible electrochemical reaction. The transfer coefficient, α, was measured as 0.7. At 25°, the diffusion coefficient of p-sulfonated calix[8]arene was determined as 8.6 × 10-7 cm2 s-1. The diffusion activation energy of p-sulfonated calix[8]arene was 18.9 kJ mol-1 at pH = 4. © Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2007. Number of references:25 Ei main heading:Aromatic hydrocarbons Ei controlled terms:Activation energy - Diffusion - Electrochemistry - Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy - Nuclear magnetic resonance - Olefins - Oxidation - Sodium chloride - Solutions - Synthesis (chemical) Uncontrolled terms:Diffusion activation energy P-sulfonated calix[8]arene - Electrochemical behaviors - Buffer solutions Ei classification codes:482.2 Minerals - 801.4.1 Electrochemistry - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 931.1 Mechanics - 931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids Treatment:Theoretical (THR); Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1007/s10800-006-9261-5 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 93> Accession number:071010476718 Title:Studies on synthesis and properties of uniform and ordered polyaniline nanoparticles in the magnetic field Authors:Kan, Jinqing; Jiang, Yan; Zhang, Ya Author affiliation:School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China Serial title:Materials Chemistry and Physics Abbreviated serial title:Mater Chem Phys Volume:v 102 Issue:n 2-3 Issue date:Apr 15 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 260-265 Language:English ISSN:0254-0584 CODEN:MCHPDR Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Elsevier Ltd, Oxford, OX5 1GB, United Kingdom Abstract:In this paper, the uniform and ordered polyaniline nanoparticles with the average diameter about 95 nm were electropolymerized in solution containing 0.2 mol dm-3 aniline and 1.2 mol dm-3 HCl using the method of constant potential at 0.7 V in the presence of magnetic field (780 mT). Effects of the material of substrate and time on properties of polyaniline film were investigated. The experimental results show the magnetic field has orientation effect on aniline polymerization. Distinct scanning electron microscope (SEM) morphologies show polyaniline nanoparticles can be formed in the presence of the magnetic field. The CV and ac impedance results indicate the magnetic field makes the polymer film redox current larger and the charge transfer resistance (Rct) smaller. The nanoparticles were characterized by FTIR spectra, UV-vis spectra. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Number of references:42 Ei main heading:Nanoparticles Ei controlled terms:Charge transfer Electropolymerization Magnetic fields - Polyaniline - Scanning electron microscopy - Synthesis (chemical) Uncontrolled terms:Polyaniline films - Charge transfer resistance - Redox current Ei classification codes:701.2 Magnetism: Basic Concepts and Phenomena - 708.2 Conducting Materials 741.1 Light/Optics 761 Nanotechnology 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 815.1.1 Organic Polymers - 815.2 Polymerization - 933 Solid State Physics Treatment:Theoretical (THR); Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1016/j.matchemphys.2007.01.001 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 94> Accession number:071610552354 Title:Microstructure of Triton X-100/poly (ethylene glycol) complex investigated by fluorescence resonance energy transfer Authors:Ge, Lingling; Zhang, Xiaohong; Guo, Rong Author affiliation:School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China Serial title:Polymer Abbreviated serial title:Polymer Volume:v 48 Issue:n 9 Issue date:Apr 24 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 2681-2691 Language:English ISSN:0032-3861 CODEN:POLMAG Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Elsevier Ltd, Oxford, OX5 1GB, United Kingdom Abstract:The microstructure of Triton X-100 (TX-100)/poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG) complex has been investigated by fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET), dynamic light scatter (DLS), freeze-fractured transmission electron microscopy (FF-TEM) and 1H NMR technology. The nonionic surfactant TX-100 and pyrene are employed as energy donor and acceptor respectively, and the average distance between them is calculated quantitatively in the systems of TX-100/PEG with different molecular weights (MW). The results of FRET study indicate that the presence of PEG leads to the separation of donor and acceptor in TX-100 micelle, suggesting that PEG chains insert into TX-100 micelles making the microstructure of PEG-bound TX-100 aggregates looser than that of free micelles, which is independent of the MW of PEG. However, FF-TEM, DLS and 1H NMR studies show that the morphology of TX-100/PEG complex depends on the MW of the polymer: PEG with shorter chain (MW less than or equal 2000 Da) insert into and wrap around TX-100 micelles and form sphere-like complex, while that with longer chain (MW > 2000 Da) would interact with numbers of TX-100 micelles and form coral-shaped clusters. In addition, the effects of temperature and alcohol on the microstructure of TX-100/PEG complex are studied. © 2007. Number of references:43 Ei main heading:Polyethylene glycols Ei controlled terms:Energy transfer - Fluorescence - Microstructure - Molecular weight - Pyrene - Surface active agents - Transmission electron microscopy Uncontrolled terms:Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) - Nonionic surfactant Ei classification codes:525.4 Energy Losses (industrial and residential) - 741.1 Light/Optics - 741.3 Optical Devices and Systems - 803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 815.1.1 Organic Polymers - 931.3 Atomic and Molecular Physics - 951 Materials Science Treatment:Theoretical (THR) DOI:10.1016/j.polymer.2007.01.061 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 95> Accession number:071910593424 Title:Investigation on the interaction of tetrachloride fluorescein-bovine serum albumin-β-cyclodextrin and the determination of protein by flow injection analysis Authors:Zhu, Xiashi; Hu, Yanyan; Gong, Aiqin Author affiliation:Department of Chemistry, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China Serial title:Analytica Chimica Acta Abbreviated serial title:Anal. Chim. Acta Volume:v 592 Issue:n 1 Issue date:May 29 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 24-29 Language:English ISSN:0003-2670 CODEN:ACACAM Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1000 AE, Netherlands Abstract:In this paper, a simple and sensitive flow injection analysis (FIA) for the determination of protein with spectroscopic probe was developed. This method was based on the investigation of the interaction of tetrachloride fluorescein (2,4,5,7-tetrachloro-3,6-fluorandiol)-bovine serum albumin (BSA), the coupling reaction of protein with tetrachloride fluorescein (TCFS) which was used as a spectroscopic probe in the presence of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD). The interaction mechanism and the main factors affecting the determination were investigated in details. Under the optimum conditions, the linear range and detection limit were 0.0-28.0 μg mL-1 and 0.76 μg mL-1, respectively. The proposed method has been used to determine albumin in serum albumin with satisfactory results. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Number of references:28 Ei main heading:Proteins Ei controlled terms:Cyclodextrins - Reaction kinetics - Spectroscopic analysis Uncontrolled terms:Bovine serum albumin - Flow injection analysis - Tetrachloride fluorescein - Coupling reaction Ei classification codes:801 Chemistry - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 804.1 Organic Compounds Treatment:Theoretical (THR); Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1016/j.aca.2007.03.053 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 96> Accession number:072310639530 Title:Solubility and phase diagram for the ternary sodium oxalate + hydrogen peroxide + water system at (283.15 and 293.15) K Authors:Zhao, Hong-Kun; Zhang, Dao-Sen; Tang, Cao; Li, Rong-Rong; Su, Ming-Li; Xu, Wen-Lin; Wang, Ya-Qiong Author affiliation:College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, YangZhou University, YangZhou, Jiangsu, 225002, China Serial title:Journal of Chemical and Engineering Data Abbreviated serial title:J Chem Eng Data Volume:v 52 Issue:n 3 Issue date:May/June 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 863-865 Language:English ISSN:0021-9568 CODEN:JCEAAX Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:American Chemical Society, Columbus, OH 43210-3337, United States Abstract:In this investigation, the mutual solubilities for the ternary Na 2C2O4 + H2O2 + H 2O system were determined at (283.15 and 293.15) K. The phase diagrams of the system were constructed based on the measured solubility. The compound Na2C2O2·H2O 2 was confirmed by Schreinemaker's wet residue method. In addition, the density of the system was obtained. At (283.15 and 293.15) K, two solid phases were formed in the ternary Na2C2U4 + H2O2 + H2O system, which corresponded to Na2C2O4 and Na2C2O 4·H2O2. The phase diagrams of the ternary system were similar at different temperatures; the solubilities of Na2C2O4 and Na2C2O 4·H2O2 in water increased slightly with increasing temperature. The crystalline region of the compound Na 2C2O4·H2O2</s ub> decreased as the temperature increased, the temperature having little effect on the yield of Na2C2O4·H2O 2. © 2007 American Chemical Society. Number of references:8 Ei main heading:Sodium compounds Ei controlled terms:Crystalline materials Hydrogen peroxide Phase diagrams - Solubility - Ternary systems - Thermal effects - Water Uncontrolled terms:Mutual solubilities - Schreinemaker's wet residue - Solid phases Ei classification codes:444 Water Resources - 531.1 Metallurgy - 641 Heat and Mass Transfer; Thermodynamics - 801.4 Physical Chemistry - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 933.1 Crystalline Solids Treatment:Theoretical (THR); Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1021/je060461l Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 97> Accession number:072510667562 Title:Guide bearing probability load theory of large vertical pump Authors:Baoyun, Qiu; Haijiang, Lin; Shouqi, Yuan Author affiliation:Hydraulic Engineering College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China Serial title:Mechanism and Machine Theory Abbreviated serial title:Mech Mach Theory Volume:v 42 Issue:n 9 Issue date:September 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 1199-1209 Language:English ISSN:0094-114X CODEN:MHMTAS Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Elsevier Ltd, Oxford, OX5 1GB, United Kingdom Abstract:The factors are analyzed in this paper that influence the guide bearing load of a large vertical pump from structures; errors of design, manufacture, construction and installation of pump unit and assembly. The error randomicity results in the bearing load randomicity. The probability load theory of the guide bearing is established for the first time. Solving methods of the model and characteristics of the bearing probability load are studied. The guiding bearing design load is recommended. The results mean much to rational design, load decrease and increase of service life of the guide bearing. © 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Number of references:11 Ei main heading:Pumps Ei controlled terms:Bearing capacity Error analysis Machine design - Probability - Structural loads Uncontrolled terms:Error randomicity - Guide bearing loads - Probability load theory Ei classification codes:408.1 Structural Design, General - 601 Mechanical Design - 618.2 Pumps - 921.6 Numerical Methods - 922.1 Probability Theory Treatment:Theoretical (THR) DOI:10.1016/j.mechmachtheory.2006.08.008 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 98> Accession number:072810697438 Title:Adaptive fuzzy control with unknown nonlinear dead-zone Authors:Shen, Qi-Kun; Zhang, Tian-Ping Author affiliation:College of Information Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China Serial title:Kongzhi yu Juece/Control and Decision Abbreviated serial title:Kongzhi yu Juece Control Decis Volume:v 22 Issue:n 6 Issue date:June 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 689-692 Language:Chinese ISSN:1001-0920 CODEN:KYJUEF Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Northeast University, Shenyang, 110005, China Abstract:Based on the principle of sliding mode control, using the simplified nonlinear dead-zone model and the fuzzy systems with linear adjustable parameters which are used to approximate plant unknown functions, a design scheme of adaptive fuzzy controller is proposed. By using the approach, the conditions that the dead-zone slopes and the boundaries are equal and symmetrical, arc removed, respectively. In addition, the assumptions which all nonlinear dead-zone model parameters are known constants are canceled. The adaptive compensation term of the approximation errors is adopted to minify the influence of modeling errors and parameter estimation errors. By theoretical analysis, the closed-loop control system is proved to be semi-globally uniformly ultimately bounded with tracking errors converging to zero. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the approach. Number of references:12 Ei main heading:Fuzzy control Ei controlled terms:Adaptive control systems - Closed loop control systems - Fuzzy systems - Parameter estimation - Sliding mode control Uncontrolled terms:Nonlinear dead zone - Adaptive compensation - Modeling errors - Tracking errors Ei classification codes:731 Automatic Control Principles and Applications Treatment:Applications (APP) Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 99> Accession number:072710688236 Title:Effect of trans-Bacillus thuringiensis gene on gibberellic acid and zeatin contents and boll development in cotton Authors:Chen, Yuan; Ye, Guoyou; Zhang, Li; Wang, Yonghui; Zhang, Xiang; Chen, Dehua Author affiliation:Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab. of Crops Genetics and Physiology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China Serial title:Field Crops Research Abbreviated serial title:Field Crops Res. Volume:v 103 Issue:n 1 Issue date:Jul 25 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 5-10 Language:English ISSN:0378-4290 CODEN:FCREDZ Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1000 AE, Netherlands Abstract:Two experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of the Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) transgene on gibberellic acid and zeatin contents and boll development in cotton using two types of Bt-transformed cultivars. In the 2003 study, boll size and weight, gibberellic acid 3 (GA3) and zeatin (ZR) contents were investigated from 3 to 45 days after flowering (DAF). In 2004, the flowers were sprayed with GA3, 6-benzyl adenine (6-BA) or a combination of both, and responses in boll size and weight, and endogenous GA3 and ZR contents were determined. In comparison to the common parent, Simian 4, overall boll size and weight were lower for the conventional Bt cultivar, Sikang 1, but higher for the hybrid Bt cultivar, Sikang 3. Similarly, the boll GA3 and ZR contents of Sikang 1 were lower than those of Simian 4, while those of Sikang 3 were higher than Simian 4. The largest difference between Sikang 1 and Simian 4 for boll GA3 and ZR contents were 18.5 and 25.5%, respectively, observed at 17 DAF. The largest difference between Sikang 3 and Simian 4 for boll GA3 and ZR contents were 25.5 and 85.7% at 31 DAF respectively. Application of GA3, 6-BA or a combination significantly increased boll size and weight for the conventional Bt cultivar and Simian 4, but did not have a significant effect on these characteristics of the hybrid cultivar Sikang 3. GA3 and ZR contents of the conventional Bt cultivar Sikang 1 were also significantly increased by application of these treatments. The combined application of GA3 and 6-BA tended to have a larger effect than the application of either of them separately, but the differences were statistically not significant. These results suggested that the lower boll GA3 and ZR contents, which could reduce boll nitrogen metabolism intensity, were responsible for the reduced boll development of the conventional Bt cultivar Sikang 1. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Number of references:36 Ei main heading:Crops Ei controlled terms:Cotton - Genes - Metabolism - Nitrogen Uncontrolled terms:Gibberellic acid Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) development - Zeatin Ei classification codes:461.2 Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering Biology - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 821.4 Agricultural Products Treatment:Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1016/j.fcr.2007.04.003 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved - Boll - 461.9 <RECORD 100> Accession number:073210754601 Title:Water resources system operation optimization analysis during drought based on risk index Authors:Fang, Hong-Yuan Author affiliation:College of Hydraulic Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China Serial title:Kongzhi yu Juece/Control and Decision Abbreviated serial title:Kongzhi yu Juece Control Decis Volume:v 22 Issue:n 7 Issue date:July 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 808-812 Language:Chinese ISSN:1001-0920 CODEN:KYJUEF Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Northeast University, Shenyang, 110005, China Abstract:According to the characteristic of water resources system operation performance analysis during drought, a multi-objective mixed integer programming model is established, which is based on the principle that the reliability and resilience are maximized, and the vulnerability of reservoir water supply is minimized. Meanwhile, the priority among urban water-supply, agricultural water-supply and so on is considered. In the study of a real system operation, the satisfying trade-off solution of multi-objective decision model is obtained by evaluating the Euclidian distance between some actual objective point and the ideal point. Computing results show the feasibility and effectiveness of practical application of the multi-objective mixed integer programming model on the reservoir operation policy analysis that considering the priority of several water-supply types during drought periods. Number of references:7 Ei main heading:Water resources Ei controlled terms:Decision making - Integer programming - Optimization - Reservoirs (water) - Water supply Uncontrolled terms:Drought periods - Trade off - Euclidian distance Ei classification codes:441.2 Reservoirs - 444 Water Resources - 446.1 Water Supply Systems - 912.2 Management - 921.5 Optimization Techniques Treatment:Applications (APP) Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 101> Accession number:073210752694 Title:Searching for costas arrays using general particle swarm optimization Authors:Yin, Xinchun; Liu, Tao Author affiliation:School of Information Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China Serial title:IEEE Region 10 Annual International Conference, Proceedings/TENCON Abbreviated serial title:IEEE Reg 10 Annu Int Conf Proc TENCON Monograph title:2006 IEEE Region 10 Conference, TENCON 2006 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 4142341 Language:English CODEN:85QXAA ISBN-10:1424405491 Document type:Conference article (CA) Conference name:2006 IEEE Region 10 Conference, TENCON 2006 Conference date:Nov 14-17 2006 Conference location:Hong Kong, China Conference code:70043 Publisher:Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., Piscataway, NJ 08855-1331, United States Abstract:Costas arrays special permutation matrices have widespread applications in many fields such as signal processing and cryptography. However, so far the basic problem-the existence problem remains unsolved. To check the existence of costas arrays for a certain order, there are two kinds of methods: algebraic constructions and exhaustive search. But algebraic constructions do not work for lots of orders, and exhaustive search has exponential computational complexity. Here stochastic search is considered. Every n×n permutation matrix has 4n2+4n two-dimensional discrete autocorrelation function values. If the maximum takes 1, the corresponding permutation matrix is a costas array. Then quest for costas arrays can be viewed as an optimization problem. The optimization objective is minimizing the maximal auto-correlation function value. Swarm intelligence techniques have been applied successfully to many optimization problems. Therefore, this paper tries to search for costas arrays with general particle swarm optimization (GPSO), and preliminarily finds that GPSO is effective for costas arrays for orders less than 18. © 2006 IEEE. Number of references:19 Ei main heading:Matrix algebra Ei controlled terms:Autocorrelation Computational complexity - Cryptography - Optimization - Problem solving - Random processes - Signal processing Uncontrolled terms:Particle swarm optimization - Costas arrays - Algebraic constructions Ei classification codes:716.1 Information Theory and Signal Processing - 721.1 Computer Theory, Includes Formal Logic, Automata Theory, Switching Theory, Programming Theory - 723.4 Artificial Intelligence - 921.1 Algebra - 921.5 Optimization Techniques - 922.1 Probability Theory Treatment:Theoretical (THR) DOI:10.1109/TENCON.2006.344074 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 102> Accession number:074310888168 Title:Cold crystallization and melt behavior of polylactide/montmorillonite nanocomposites Authors:Wu, Liang; Wu, De-Feng; Wu, Lan-Feng; Zhang, Ming Author affiliation:School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China Serial title:Gaofenzi Cailiao Kexue Yu Gongcheng/Polymeric Materials Science and Engineering Abbreviated serial title:Gaofenzi Cailiao Kexue Yu Gongcheng Volume:v 23 Issue:n 5 Issue date:September 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 124-127 Language:Chinese ISSN:1000-7555 CODEN:GCKGEI Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Chengdu University of Science and Technology, Chengdu, 610065, China Abstract:Polylactide/montmorillonite nanocomposites (PLA/MMTs) were prepared by the melt intercalation. The crystallization and melting behavior of both the pure PLA and PLA/MMTs were characterized by DSC and XRD measurements. The results show that PLA/MMTs and PLA can not crystallize when cooled from melt state, while can crystallize in solid state in heating process. The addition of montmorillonite will not change the crystalline structure of PLA, but can promote cold crystallization of PLA matrix due to the nucleation effect by the clay tactoids. Moreover, the double melting behavior is attributable to recrystallization of those defective crystalline grains. Number of references:11 Ei main heading:Nanocomposites Ei controlled terms:Characterization Clay minerals - Crystallization - Heating - Intercalation - Melting - Polymer matrix composites - Structure (composition) Uncontrolled terms:Polylactide - Montmorillonite - Cold crystallization - Melt behavior - Melt intercalation Ei classification codes:482.2 Minerals - 761 Nanotechnology - 801.4 Physical Chemistry - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 815.1 Polymeric Materials - 933 Solid State Physics - 951 Materials Science Treatment:Experimental (EXP) Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 103> Accession number:075110979368 Title:Research on a new type motion-decoupling hydraulic servo shoulder joint and its control system Authors:Yang, Zhenzhong; Zhou, Jiping; Zhu, Xinglong Author affiliation:Institute of Mechanical Engineering, University of Yangzhou, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, 225009, China Serial title:Proceedings of the 2007 IEEE International Conference on Mechatronics and Automation, ICMA 2007 Abbreviated serial title:Proc IEEE Int Conf Mechatronics Autom, ICMA Monograph title:Proceedings of the 2007 IEEE International Conference on Mechatronics and Automation, ICMA 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 1038-1043 Language:English ISBN-10:1424408288 Document type:Conference article (CA) Conference name:2007 IEEE International Conference on Mechatronics and Automation, ICMA 2007 Conference date:Aug 5-8 2007 Conference location:Harbin, China Conference code:70724 Sponsor:IEEE Robotics and Automation Society;Harbin Engineering University;Kagawa University;National Natural Science Foundation of China;The Ministry of Education (MOE) of P. R. China Publisher:Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Computer Society, Piscataway, NJ 08855-1331, United States Abstract:Based on the analysis and summary of the functions and characteristics of the robot shoulder joint, design project of a new type 3-DOF (degree of freedom) motion-decoupling hydraulic servo shoulder joint is presented. Working principle is expatiated. Detailed mechanism is designed. Meanwhile, the control system of the motion-decoupling hydraulic servo shoulder joint is researched and developed. © 2007 IEEE. Number of references:9 Ei main heading:Robots Ei controlled terms:Control systems - Degrees of freedom (mechanics) - Hydraulic servomechanisms - Motion control - Project management - Research and development management Uncontrolled terms:Hydraulic servo shoulder joints - Motion decouplings - Mechanism designs - Control system research Ei classification codes:632.2 Hydraulic Equipment and Machinery - 731.1 Control Systems - 731.3 Specific Variables Control - 731.5 Robotics - 732.1 Control Equipment - 901.3 Engineering Research - 912.2 Management - 931.1 Mechanics Treatment:Theoretical (THR) DOI:10.1109/ICMA.2007.4303691 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 104> Accession number:071310510056 Title:Melting and glass transition for Ni clusters Authors:Teng, Yuyong; Zeng, Xianghua; Zhang, Haiyan; Sun, Deyan Author affiliation:College of Physics Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China Serial title:Journal of Physical Chemistry B Abbreviated serial title:J Phys Chem B Volume:v 111 Issue:n 9 Issue date:Mar 8 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 2309-2312 Language:English ISSN:1520-6106 CODEN:JPCBFK Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:American Chemical Society, Columbus, OH 43210-3337, United States Abstract:The melting of NiN clusters (N = 29, 50-150) has been investigated by using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations with a quantum corrected Sutton-Chen (Q-SC) many-body potential. Surface melting for Ni 147, direct melting for Ni79, and the glass transition for Ni29 have been found, and those melting points are equal to 540, 680, and 940 K, respectively. It shows that the melting temperatures are not only size-dependent but also a symmetrical structure effect; in the neighborhood of the clusters, the cluster with higher symmetry has a higher melting point. From the reciprocal slopes of the caloric curves, the specific heats are obtained as 4.1kB per atom for the liquid and 3.1kB per atom for the solid; these values are not influenced by the cluster size apart in the transition region. The calculated results also show that latent heat of fusion is the dominant effect on the melting temperatures (Tm), and the relationship between S and L is given. © 2007 American Chemical Society. Number of references:32 Ei main heading:Nickel Ei controlled terms:Computer simulation Glass transition Graph theory - Melting - Molecular dynamics - Specific heat Uncontrolled terms:Caloric curves - Heat of fusion - Melting temperatures Ei classification codes:548.1 Nickel - 641.1 Thermodynamics - 723.5 Computer Applications - 801.4 Physical Chemistry - 802.3 Chemical Operations Combinatorial Mathematics, Includes Graph Theory, Set Theory Treatment:Theoretical (THR); Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1021/jp070061k Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved - 921.4 <RECORD 105> Accession number:071510538173 Title:Cucumber carbohydrate metabolism and translocation under chilling night temperature Authors:Miao, Minmin; Xu, Xiaofeng; Chen, Xuehao; Xue, Linbao; Cao, Beisheng Author affiliation:Department of Horticulture, Agricultural College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China Serial title:Journal of Plant Physiology Abbreviated serial title:J. Plant Physiol. Volume:v 164 Issue:n 5 Issue date:May 3 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 621-628 Language:English ISSN:0176-1617 CODEN:JPPHEY Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Urban und Fischer Verlag GmbH und Co. KG, Munchen, 80019, Germany Abstract:A cold-tolerant line (NY-1) and a cold-sensitive cultivar (Jinyan 4) of cucumber (Cucumis sativus) were treated with temperatures of 28 °C/22 °C or 28 °C/12 °C (day/night) in a 10-h photoperiod. Carbohydrates and related enzymes were assayed from 0 to 4 h after the start of the dark period. Compared to the normal night temperature (22 °C, control), sucrose, stachyose and galactinol increased in mature leaves under cold-night treatment (12 °C) while sucrose, glucose and fructose in fruits remained unchanged. In peduncles, where stachyose is catabolized to sucrose after long-distance transport, cold nights simultaneously induced a significant increase of stachyose (substrate) and a decrease of sucrose (product), indicating that the metabolic step from stachyose to sucrose in peduncles is crucial to translocation inhibition in cold nights. This decrease was more pronounced in the cold-sensitive cultivar. Similar growth rates of fruits on one-fruit and two-fruit plants under cold-night treatment further confirmed that it is sink activity rather than source supply that is limiting the source-sink translocation. No significant genotypic differences in enzyme activities involved in the stachyose-sucrose conversion, including alkaline α-galactosidase, acid α-galactosidase, galactokinase, uridine diphosphate (UDP)-galactose pyrophosphorylase, UDP-glucose-4 prime -epimerase and sucrose synthase, were observed when assayed in an adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-rich in vitro environment. However, the ATP concentration was much higher in peduncles of the cold-tolerant line, indicating that a limiting ATP supply may be partially responsible for the stronger inhibition of the stachyose-sucrose pathway observed in the cold-sensitive cultivar (Jinyan 4). © 2006 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. Number of references:29 Ei main heading:Agricultural products Ei controlled terms:Carbohydrates - Enzymes - Metabolism Uncontrolled terms:Adenosine triphosphate - Cucumber - Low night temperature - Cold sensitive cultivars Ei classification codes:461.2 Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 461.9 Biology 804.1 Organic Compounds 811.0.2 Chemistry, Physics and Mathematics - 811.0.3 Economics, Research and Miscellaneous - 821.0 Woodlands and Forestry - 821.4 Agricultural Products Treatment:Theoretical (THR); Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1016/j.jplph.2006.02.005 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 106> Accession number:071610552063 Title:Research on the dislocation damping of Mg2Si/Mg-9Al composite materials Authors:Liao, Li-Hua; Wang, Hao-Wei; Li, Xian-Feng; Ma, Nai-Heng Author affiliation:School of Mechanic Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China Serial title:Materials Letters Abbreviated serial title:Mater Lett Volume:v 61 Issue:n 11-13 Issue date:May 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 2518-2522 Language:English ISSN:0167-577X CODEN:MLETDJ Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1000 AE, Netherlands Abstract:A new idea of using a stiffer metallic compound Mg2Si to enhance the damping capacities of Mg2Si/Mg-9Al is successfully attempted. Results show that Mg2Si/Mg-9Al composite materials have better damping capacity than non-reinforced alloy. Damping capacities of composite materials have been improved further after morphology modification of Mg2Si particles. Particular emphasis is placed on the increasing dislocation density around matrix-particulate interface and effect of modification of antimony on damping capacity. © 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Number of references:15 Ei main heading:Composite materials Ei controlled terms:Damping - Dislocations (crystals) - Interfaces (materials) - Magnesium compounds - Metal casting - Microstructure - Morphology - Surface treatment Uncontrolled terms:Dislocation density - Damping capacity Ei classification codes:534.2 Foundry Practice - 801.4 Physical Chemistry - 802 Chemical Apparatus and Plants; Unit Operations; Unit Processes - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 931.1 Mechanics - 931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids - 951 Materials Science Treatment:Theoretical (THR) DOI:10.1016/j.matlet.2006.09.049 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 107> Accession number:071710570359 Title:Solvothermal synthesis of hexagonal CdS nanostructures from a single-source molecular precursor Authors:Zhang, Yong Cai; Wang, Gui Yun; Hu, Xiao Ya Author affiliation:Key Laboratory of Environmental Materials and Environmental Engineering of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou City, 225002, China Serial title:Journal of Alloys and Compounds Abbreviated serial title:J Alloys Compd Volume:v 437 Issue:n 1-2 Issue date:Jun 28 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 47-52 Language:English ISSN:0925-8388 CODEN:JALCEU Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Elsevier Ltd, Oxford, OX5 1GB, United Kingdom Abstract:The controllable synthesis of hexagonal CdS (H-CdS) nanostructures from an air-stable single-source molecular precursor (cadmium N,N-diethyldithiocarbamate: [Cd-(DDTC)2]2) has been achieved by two facile steps: firstly, [Cd-(DDTC)2]2 was prepared directly from the precipitation reaction of stoichiometric cadmium sulfate and sodium diethyldithiocarbamate in distilled water under the ambient condition; secondly, pure H-CdS nanorods (which often consist of individual and multi-armed nanorods in the ethylenediamine solvent) and quasi-spherical aggregates of nanoparticles (about 20-60 nm) could be produced just via solvothermal treatment of the [Cd-(DDTC)2]2 in four nucleophilic solvents (including pyridine, diethylamine, hydrazine hydrate and ethylenediamine) at 100-150 °C for 3-12 h, and characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, selected area electron diffraction and UV-vis absorption spectra. The possible formation mechanisms of different nanostructures of H-CdS in the four nucleophilic solvents were tentatively proposed. © 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Number of references:42 Ei main heading:Nanorods Ei controlled terms:Amines - Crystal structure - High resolution transmission electron microscopy - Optical properties - Precipitation (chemical) - Semiconducting cadmium compounds - Solvation - Solvents - Synthesis (chemical) - X ray photoelectron spectroscopy Uncontrolled terms:Solvothermal synthesis Cadmium sulfate Sodium diethyldithiocarbamate - Distilled water - Hydrazine hydrate Ei classification codes:712.1.2 Compound Semiconducting Materials 741.1 Light/Optics - 741.3 Optical Devices and Systems - 761 Nanotechnology - 801 Chemistry - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 933 Solid State Physics - 933.1.1 Crystal Lattice Treatment:Theoretical (THR) DOI:10.1016/j.jallcom.2006.07.065 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 108> Accession number:071710576187 Title:Seasonal changes in the effects of free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE) on phosphorus uptake and utilization of rice at three levels of nitrogen fertilization Authors:Yang, Lianxin; Wang, Yulong; Huang, Jianye; Zhu, Jianguo; Yang, Hongjie; Liu, Gang; Liu, Hongjiang; Dong, Guichun; Hu, Jian Author affiliation:Key Lab of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu, China Serial title:Field Crops Research Abbreviated serial title:Field Crops Res. Volume:v 102 Issue:n 2 Issue date:Jun 5 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 141-150 Language:English ISSN:0378-4290 CODEN:FCREDZ Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1000 AE, Netherlands Abstract:Over time, the relative effect of elevated [CO2] on the photosynthesis and dry matter (DM) production of rice crops is likely to be changed with increasing duration of CO2 exposure. However, there is no systemic information on interactive effects of elevated [CO2] and nitrogen (N) supply on seasonal changes in phosphorus (P) nutrient of rice crops. In order to investigate the interactive effects of these two factors on seasonal changes in plant P concentration, uptake, efficiency and allocation, a free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE) experiment was conducted at Wuxi, Jiangsu, China, in 2001-2003. A japonica cultivar with large panicle was grown at ambient or elevated (ca. 200 μmol mol-1 above ambient) [CO2] and supplied with three levels of N: low (LN, 15 g N m2), medium (MN, 25 g N m2) and high N (HN, 35 g N m2 (2002, 2003)). The MN level was similar to that recommended to local farmers. FACE significantly increased shoot P concentration (dry base) over the season, the average responses varied between 7.3% and 16.2%. Shoot P uptake responses to FACE declined gradually with crop development, with average responses of 57%, 51%, 37%, 26% and 11% on average during the growth periods from transplanting to early-tillering (Period I), early-tillering to mid-tillering (Period II), mid-tillering to panicle initiation (Period III), panicle initiation to heading (Period IV) and heading to grain maturity (Period V), respectively. Seasonal changes in shoot P uptake ratio (i.e., the ratio of shoot P uptake during a given growth period to final shoot P acquisition at grain maturity) responses to FACE followed a similar pattern to that of shoot P uptake, with average responses of 19%, 14%, 3%, -5% and -16% in Periods I, II, III, IV and V of the growth period, respectively. As a result, FACE enhanced shoot P uptake by 33% at grain maturity. P allocation patterns among above-ground organs were not altered by FACE before heading, but it was modified after heading, with a shift in P allocation patterns towards vegetative organ. FACE resulted in the significant decrease in P-use efficiency for biomass across the season and P-use efficiency for grain yield and P harvest index at grain maturity. Generally, there were no interactions between [CO2] and N supply on above P nutrient variables measured. Data from this study has important implications for P management in rice production systems under future elevated [CO2] conditions. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Number of references:24 Ei main heading:Carbon dioxide Ei controlled terms:Climate change - Crops - Nutrients - Phosphorus Uncontrolled terms:Phosphorus concentration - Phosphorus allocation - Phosphorus efficiency Ei classification codes:443.1 Atmospheric Properties - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 811.0.1 Biology and Biochemistry - 811.0.3 Economics, Research and Miscellaneous - 821.2 Agricultural Chemicals - 821.4 Agricultural Products Treatment:Theoretical (THR); Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1016/j.fcr.2007.03.004 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 109> Accession number:071710576188 Title:The impact of free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE) and nitrogen supply on grain quality of rice Authors:Yang, Lianxin; Wang, Yulong; Dong, Guichun; Gu, Hui; Huang, Jianye; Zhu, Jianguo; Yang, Hongjian; Liu, Gang; Han, Yong Author affiliation:Key Lab of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu, China Serial title:Field Crops Research Abbreviated serial title:Field Crops Res. Volume:v 102 Issue:n 2 Issue date:Jun 5 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 128-140 Language:English ISSN:0378-4290 CODEN:FCREDZ Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1000 AE, Netherlands Abstract:Because CO2 is needed for plant photosynthesis, the increase in atmospheric CO2 concentration ([CO2]) has the potential to enhance the growth and yield of rice (Oryza sativa L.), but little is known regarding the impact of elevated [CO2] on grain quality of rice, especially under different N availability. In order to investigate the interactive effects of [CO2] and N supply on rice quality, we conducted a free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE) experiment at Wuxi, Jiangsu, China, in 2001-2003. A long-duration rice japonica with large panicle (cv. Wuxiangging 14) was grown at ambient or elevated (ca. 200 μmol mol-1 above ambient) [CO2] under three levels of N: low (LN, 15 g N m2), medium (MN, 25 g N m2) and high N (HN, 35 g N m2 (2002, 2003)). The MN level was similar to that recommended to local farmers. FACE significant increased rough (+12.8%), brown (+13.2%) and milled rice yield (+10.7%), while markedly reducing head rice yield (-13.3%); FACE caused serious deterioration of processing suitability (milled rice percentage -2.0%; head rice percentage -23.5%) and appearance quality (chalky grain percentage +16.9%; chalkiness degree +28.3%) drastically; the nutritive value of grains was also negatively influenced by FACE due to a reduction in protein (-6.0%) and Cu content (-20.0%) in milled rice. By contrast, FACE resulted in better eating/cooking quality (amylose content -3.8%; peak viscosity +4.5%, breakdown +2.9%, setback -27.5%). These changes in grain quality revealed that hardness of grain decreased with elevated [CO2] while cohesiveness and resilience increased when cooked. Overall, N supply had significant influence on rice yield with maximum value occurring at MN, whereas grain quality was less responsive to the N supply, showing trends of better appearance and eating/cooking quality for LN or MN-crops as compared with HN-crops. For most cases, no [CO2] × N interaction was detected for yield and quality parameters. These data suggested that the current recommended rates of N fertilization for rice production should not be modified under projected future [CO2] levels, at least for the similar conditions of this experiment. © 2007. Number of references:49 Ei main heading:Carbon dioxide Ei controlled terms:Crops - Growth kinetics - Nitrogen fixation - Photosynthesis Uncontrolled terms:Global changes - Rice grains Ei classification codes:461.2 Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 741.1 Light/Optics - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 811.0.1 Biology and Biochemistry - 811.0.3 Economics, Research and Miscellaneous - 821.4 Agricultural Products Treatment:Theoretical (THR); Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1016/j.fcr.2007.03.006 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 110> Accession number:072610675687 Title:Formation of nanospheres of cuprous oxide with a bridge linker of p-sulfonated calix[8]arene host Authors:Chen, Ming; Diao, Guowang; Zhou, Xiaoming Author affiliation:College of Chemistry and Chemistry Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225002, China Serial title:Nanotechnology Abbreviated serial title:Nanotechnology Volume:v 18 Issue:n 27 Issue date:Jul 11 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 275606 Language:English ISSN:0957-4484 CODEN:NNOTER Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Institute of Physics Publishing, Bristol, BS1 6BE, United Kingdom Abstract:A new procedure for the modification of cuprous oxide nanospheres with p-sulfonated calix[8]arene (pSC8) receptors is reported. Cuprous oxide nanospheres were prepared by the reduction of CuSO4 in pSC8 aqueous solution using hydrazine as a reducing agent. The products were characterized by powder x-ray diffractometry, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared, ultraviolet-visible spectra, energy-dispersive x-ray, and thermogravimetry. The experimental results showed that uniform cuprous oxide nanoparticles were obtained at low concentration of CuSO4 with the protection of pSC8 in aqueous phase. Meanwhile, at high concentration of CuSO4, large hollow and solid nanospheres were synthesized, depending on the amount of pSC8, which was used as a bridge linker during the formation of the nanospheres. © IOP Publishing Ltd. Number of references:51 Ei main heading:Nanospheres Ei controlled terms:Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy - Reducing agents - Scanning electron microscopy - Solutions - Thermogravimetric analysis - Transmission electron microscopy - X ray diffraction analysis Uncontrolled terms:Bridge linker - Ultraviolet-visible spectra - Energy-dispersive x-ray - Aqueous phase - Calix[8]arene (pSC8) receptors Ei classification codes:741.1 Light/Optics - 741.3 Optical Devices and Systems - 761 Nanotechnology - 801 Chemistry - 803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 931.3 Atomic and Molecular Physics Treatment:Theoretical (THR); Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1088/0957-4484/18/27/275606 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 111> Accession number:073410777441 Title:Observer based adaptive fuzzy control via small-gain approach Authors:Mao, Yu-Qing; Zhang, Tian-Ping; Sun, Yan Author affiliation:Coll. of Information Engineering, Yangzhou Univ., Yangzhou 225009, China Serial title:Xi Tong Gong Cheng Yu Dian Zi Ji Shu/Systems Engineering and Electronics Abbreviated serial title:Xi Tong Cheng Yu Dian Zi Ji Shu/Syst Eng Electron Volume:v 29 Issue:n 7 Issue date:July 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 1139-1143 Language:Chinese ISSN:1001-506X CODEN:XGYDEM Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Chinese Institute of Electronics, Beijing, 100036, China Abstract:Using ISpS theory, small-gain theorem and T-S type fuzzy logic systems, which are used to approximate the uncertain system function, an observer-based direct robust adaptive fuzzy control is developed for a class of nonlinear systems with uncertain gain constant under the condition that not all of the state variables of the systems are available. The resulting closed-loop system is proved to be semi-globally uniformly ultimately bounded. In addition, the controller singularity problem commonly encountered in adaptive feedback linearization control can be avoided and only two learning parameters need to be adjusted on line. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the control scheme. Number of references:14 Ei main heading:Fuzzy control Ei controlled terms:Closed loop systems - Feedback linearization - Fuzzy logic - Nonlinear systems - Robust control - Uncertain systems Uncontrolled terms:Observer - Adaptive control - ISpS theory - Small gain theorem - T S type fuzzy logic systems - Uncertain gain constant - Simulation Ei classification codes:721.1 Computer Theory, Includes Formal Logic, Automata Theory, Switching Theory, Programming Theory - 731.1 Control Systems - 921 Mathematics - 961 Systems Science Treatment:Theoretical (THR); Experimental (EXP) Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 112> Accession number:073910831160 Title:Interaction between casein and sodium dodecyl sulfate Authors:Liu, Yan; Guo, Rong Author affiliation:College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China Serial title:Journal of Colloid and Interface Science Abbreviated serial title:J. Colloid Interface Sci. Volume:v 315 Issue:n 2 Issue date:Nov 15 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 685-692 Language:English ISSN:0021-9797 CODEN:JCISA5 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Academic Press Inc., Orlando, FL 32887-4900, United States Abstract:The interaction of the anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) with 2.0 mg/ml casein was first investigated using isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and fluorescence spectra. ITC results show that individual SDS molecules first bind to casein micelles by the hydrophobic interaction. The micelle-like SDS aggregate is formed on the casein chains when SDS concentration reaches the critical aggregation concentration (c1), which is far below the critical micellar concentration (cmc) of SDS in the absence of casein. With the further increase of SDS concentration to the saturate binding concentration c2, SDS molecules no longer bind to the casein chains, and free SDS micelles coexist with casein micelles bound with SDS aggregates in the system. DLS results show that the addition of SDS leads to an increase in the hydrodynamic radius of casein micelles with bound surfactant at SDS concentration higher than 4 mM, and also an increase in the casein monomer molecule (or submicelles) at SDS concentration higher than 10 mM. Fluorometric results suggest the addition of SDS leads to some changes in the binding process of hydrophobic probes to casein micelles. © 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Number of references:29 Ei main heading:Casein Ei controlled terms:Anionic surfactants Calorimetry Critical micelle concentration Dynamic light scattering Fluorescence spectroscopy - Fluorometers - Hydrodynamics - Hydrophobicity - Micelles - Sodium sulfate - Titration Uncontrolled terms:Sodium dodecyl sulfate Isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) - Hydrophobic probes - Fluorometric results Ei classification codes:741.1 Light/Optics - 741.3 Optical Devices and Systems - 801 Chemistry - 801.3 Colloid Chemistry - 803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 822.3 Food Products - 931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids - 941.3 Optical Instruments - 941.4 Optical Variables Measurements - 944.6 Temperature Measurements Treatment:Theoretical (THR); Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1016/j.jcis.2007.07.018 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 113> Accession number:074110862388 Title:D-S Theory-based Trust Model FIRE+ in Multi-agent Systems Authors:Lu, Ping-Ping; Li, Bin; Xing, Mao-Lin; Li, Liang Author affiliation:Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, China Serial title:Proceedings - SNPD 2007: Eighth ACIS International Conference on Software Engineering, Artificial Intelligence, Networking, and Parallel/Distributed Computing Abbreviated serial title:Proc. Eighth ACIS Int. Conf. Softw. Eng. Artif. Intell. Netw. Parallel Distrib. Comput. Volume:v 1 Monograph title:Proceedings - SNPD 2007: Eighth ACIS International Conference on Software Engineering, Artificial Intelligence, Networking, and Parallel/Distributed Computing Publication year:2007 Pages:p 255-260 Language:English ISBN-10:0769529097 Document type:Conference article (CA) Conference name:SNPD 2007: 8th ACIS International Conference on Software Engineering, Artificial Intelligence, Networking, and Parallel/Distributed Computing Conference date:Jul 30-Aug 1 2007 Conference location:Qingdao, China Conference code:70334 Publisher:Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Computer Society, Piscataway, NJ 08855-1331, United States Abstract:In open multi-agent systems (MAS), interaction between agents is uncertain. Trust plays an important role in deciding with whom to interact and how to interact with it. Current trust models have solved the problem of how to quantify, deduce and evaluate trust, but there are still challenges. This paper presents FIRE+ trust model using utility loss of issue to evaluate trust values. With the representation of matrix, it efficiently increases the rating information. Also by introducing D-S theory and WMA, it can handle uncertain information and dishonest witness finely. Meanwhile, our approach introduces the concept of information-amount to derive each issue's weight so as to gain the whole trust value of the target agent. It also takes witness reliability into account. Experiments show that FIRE+ is more effective than others. Number of references:10 Ei main heading:Multi agent systems Ei controlled terms:Algorithms Computer simulation Information analysis - Mathematical models - Problem solving - Reliability - Software agents Uncontrolled terms:D-S Theory-based Trust Model FIRE - Trust models - Concept of information-amount Ei classification codes:421 Strength of Building Materials; Mechanical Properties - 723.4 Artificial Intelligence - 723.5 Computer Applications - 903.1 Information Sources and Analysis - 921 Mathematics Treatment:Theoretical (THR) DOI:10.1109/SNPD.2007.222 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 114> Accession number:074110862389 Title:A policy language for adaptive Web services security framework Authors:Li, Jian-Xin; Li, Bin; Li, Liang; Che, Tong-Sheng Author affiliation:Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, China Serial title:Proceedings - SNPD 2007: Eighth ACIS International Conference on Software Engineering, Artificial Intelligence, Networking, and Parallel/Distributed Computing Abbreviated serial title:Proc. Eighth ACIS Int. Conf. Softw. Eng. Artif. Intell. Netw. Parallel Distrib. Comput. Volume:v 1 Monograph title:Proceedings - SNPD 2007: Eighth ACIS International Conference on Software Engineering, Artificial Intelligence, Networking, and Parallel/Distributed Computing Publication year:2007 Pages:p 261-266 Language:English ISBN-10:0769529097 Document type:Conference article (CA) Conference name:SNPD 2007: 8th ACIS International Conference on Software Engineering, Artificial Intelligence, Networking, and Parallel/Distributed Computing Conference date:Jul 30-Aug 1 2007 Conference location:Qingdao, China Conference code:70334 Publisher:Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Computer Society, Piscataway, NJ 08855-1331, United States Abstract:How to resolve access control on Web Services has become one of the important research tasks about the application of Web Services. In this paper, we propose a policy based adaptive Web Services security framework. In this framework, the ReiT policy is a declarative language based on the rules and ontologies. The non-structural knowledge is represented by rules and the structural temporal knowledge is represented by ontology. Moreover, we propose a mixer reasoning mechanism to evaluate the ReiT policy. The access control policy including the context of the user and Web Services is evaluated by the reasoner. According to the evaluated result agent authorizes the access control of the Web Services. © 2007 IEEE. Number of references:10 Ei main heading:Web services Ei controlled terms:Access control - Mixer circuits - Network security - Ontology Uncontrolled terms:Policy language - Structural temporal knowledge - Reasoning mechanism - ReiT policy Ei classification codes:713.3 Modulators, Demodulators, Limiters, Discriminators, Mixers - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications Treatment:Theoretical (THR) DOI:10.1109/SNPD.2007.77 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 115> Accession number:074210878854 Title:The exchange anisotropy in ferromagnetic/antiferromagnetic bilayers under the strain field Authors:Pan, Jing; Tao, Yong-Chun; Zhou, Lan; Hu, Jing-Guo Author affiliation:College of Physics Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China Serial title:Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, Part 1: Regular Papers and Short Notes and Review Papers Abbreviated serial title:Jpn J Appl Phys Part 1 Regul Pap Short Note Rev Pap Volume:v 46 Issue:n 10 A Issue date:Oct 9 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 6613-6617 Language:English ISSN:0021-4922 CODEN:JAPNDE Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Japan Society of Applied Physics, Tokyo, 102, Japan Abstract:The in-plane exchange anisotropy in a ferromagnetic (FM)/antiferromagnetic (AFM) bilayer under strain field has been investigated. Both cubic and uniaxial magnetocrystalline anisotropics are taken into account for the FM layer while the AFM layer is only considered as uniaxial magnetocrystalline anisotropy. In the semi-infinite limit for the AFM layer, the equilibrium energy for the system is established, and the analytical expressions are derived for exchange anisotropy constant, effective exchange bias, and pinning angle. The results show that not only the strain field angle but also its size will affect the effective exchange bias. The reason is that the pinning angle can be affected by the strain field including its size and direction but only affected by the size of the applied magnetic field. In addition, the effective measured exchange anisotropy from the hysteresis loop, ac susceptibility and ferromagnetic resonance are derived, and the comparison with previously reported theoretical results is made. © 2007 The Japan Society of Applied Physics. Number of references:25 Ei main heading:Multilayers Ei controlled terms:Antiferromagnetic materials - Atomic force microscopy - Crystalline materials - Magnetic anisotropy - Magnetic field effects - Strain measurement Uncontrolled terms:Antiferromagnetic bilayers Strain fields Exchange anisotropy - Pinning angles Ei classification codes:701.2 Magnetism: Basic Concepts and Phenomena - 708.4 Magnetic Materials - 741.3 Optical Devices and Systems - 931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids - 933.1 Crystalline Solids - 943.2 Mechanical Variables Measurements Treatment:Theoretical (THR); Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1143/JJAP.46.6613 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 116> Accession number:074310881805 Title:Polyaniline hierarchical structures synthesized in aqueous solution: Micromats of nanofibers Authors:Chuanqiang, Zhou; Jie, Han; Genping, Song; Rong, Guo Author affiliation:School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002 Jiangsu, China Serial title:Macromolecules Abbreviated serial title:Macromolecules Volume:v 40 Issue:n 20 Issue date:Oct 2 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 7075-7078 Language:English ISSN:0024-9297 CODEN:MAMOBX Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:American Chemical Society, Columbus, OH 43210-3337, United States Abstract:Micromats of polyaniline (PANI) nanofibers with hierarchical structures have been prepared in water or aqueous solutions. Aniline was dissolved in deionized water with magnetic stirring at room temperature for 10 mm. The aqueous solution of ammonium persulfate (APS) was then added to the mixture in one portion. The resulting solution was stirred for another 0.5 mm to ensure complete mixing, and then the reaction was allowed to proceed for 12 hours at room temperature without agitation. The product was finally washed with deionized water until the filtrate became colorless and then dried in a vacuum at 60°C for 24 hours. The low magnification image of the product show that it has uniform micromat morphology and is composed of shuttlelike micromats and crossed shuttlelike micromats that are crosslinked by two quasi-vertical shuttlelike structures. Abstract type:(Edited abstract) Number of references:24 Ei main heading:Nanofibers Ei controlled terms:Ammonium compounds Deionized water - Morphology - Polyaniline - Thermal effects - Vacuum Uncontrolled terms:Magnetic stirring - Low magnification image - Uniform micromat morphology - Shuttlelike micromats Ei classification codes:445.1 Water Treatment Techniques - 633 Vacuum Technology - 641 Heat and Mass Transfer; Thermodynamics - 708.2 Conducting Materials - 761 Nanotechnology - 815.1.1 Organic Polymers - 931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids - 933 Solid State Physics - 951 Materials Science Treatment:Theoretical (THR); Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1021/ma071400a Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 117> Accession number:074710927006 Title:Theoretical analysis and experimental research on the braced stress of vacuum glazing Authors:Zhang, R.H.; Kong, D.J.; Yang, C.J.; Gao, J.H.; Miao, H.; Ren, X.D. Author affiliation:School of Mechanical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China Serial title:Key Engineering Materials Abbreviated serial title:Key Eng Mat Volume:v 353-358 Issue:n PART 1 Monograph title:Progresses in Fracture and Strength of Materials and Structures - Selected peer reviewed papers from the Asian Pacific Conference Fracture and Strength 2006, (APCFS'06) Publication year:2007 Pages:p 361-364 Language:English ISSN:1013-9826 CODEN:KEMAEY Document type:Conference article (CA) Conference name:Asian Pacific Conference for Fracture and Strength (APCFS'06) Conference date:Nov 22-25 2006 Conference location:Sanya, Hainan Island, China Conference code:70568 Publisher:Trans Tech Publications Ltd, Stafa-Zuerich, CH-8712, Switzerland Abstract:The mathematical model of the braced stress-strain in the vacuum glazing was established with the crunode method by elastic mechanics. The braced stress-strain field of vacuum glazing was received, and the stress-strain distribution was analyzed at the same time. Electric test method was used to validate the stress distribution. The experimental results are shown that the maximal stress of vacuum glazing occurs in the second braced pillar of the four-square side. The maximal stress value by elastic mechanics is 11.057MPa, while the measured value by electric test method is 11.765MPa, and its tolerance is only 6.02%. The positive stress in the cross section of the braced pillar is 179MPa, the longitudinal strains of steel and glazing braced pillar are 0.2686μm and 0.7414μm, respectively. The tolerance of braced pillar height and the glazing level degree are controlled to guarantee force equality, which increases strength, dependability, and service life of vacuum glazing. Number of references:6 Ei main heading:Glazes Ei controlled terms:Elastic moduli - Mathematical models - Service life - Stress-strain curves - Vacuum applications Uncontrolled terms:Vacuum glazing - Braced stress - Crunode methods - Elastic mechanics - Electric test methods - Stress-strain fields - Braced pillars Ei classification codes:421 Strength of Building Materials; Mechanical Properties - 633.1 Vacuum Applications - 813.2 Coating Materials - 913.1 Production Engineering - 921 Mathematics - 951 Materials Science Treatment:Theoretical (THR); Experimental (EXP) Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 118> Accession number:074710929536 Title:Calcium carbonate nanoparticles: A host matrix for the construction of highly sensitive amperometric phenol biosensor Authors:Shan, Dan; Zhu, Mingjuan; Han, En; Xue, Huaiguo; Cosnier, Serge Author affiliation:Key Laboratory of Environmental Materials and Environmental Engineering of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou, 225002, China Serial title:Biosensors and Bioelectronics Abbreviated serial title:Biosens. Bioelectron. Volume:v 23 Issue:n 5 Issue date:Dec 15 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 648-654 Language:English ISSN:0956-5663 CODEN:BBIOE4 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Elsevier Ltd, Oxford, OX5 1GB, United Kingdom Abstract:We reported on the utilization of a novel attractive nanoscaled calcium carbonate (nano-CaCO3)-polyphenol oxidase (PPO) biocomposite to create a highly responsive phenol biosensor. The phenol sensor could be easily achieved by casting the biocomposite on the surface of glassy carbon electrode (GCE) via the cross-linking step by glutaraldehyde. The special three-dimensional structure, porous morphology, hydrophilic and biocompatible properties of the nano-CaCO3 matrix resulted in high enzyme loading, and the enzyme entrapped in this matrix retained its activity to a large extent. The proposed PPO/nano-CaCO3 exhibited dramatically developed analytical performance such as such as a broad determination range (6 × 10-9-2 × 10-5 M), a short response time (less than 12 s), high sensitivity (474 mA M-1), subnanomolar detection limit (0.44 nM at a signal to noise ratio of 3) and good long-term stability (70% remained after 56 days). In addition, effects of pH value, applied potential, temperature and electrode construction were investigated and discussed. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Number of references:37 Ei main heading:Nanoparticles Ei controlled terms:Biosensors Calcium compounds Graphite electrodes - Hydrophilicity - Morphology - Phenols - pH effects Uncontrolled terms:Inorganic matrix - Polyphenol oxidases - Biocomposites Ei classification codes:704.1 Electric Components - 761 Nanotechnology - 801.1 Chemistry, General - 801.2 Biochemistry - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids - 933 Solid State Physics - 951 Materials Science Treatment:Theoretical (THR); Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1016/j.bios.2007.07.012 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 119> Accession number:070810434969 Title:(Solid + liquid) phase diagram for the ternary potassium oxalate + hydrogen peroxide + water system at 283.15 K and 293.15 K Authors:Zhao, Hong-Kun; Zhang, Dao-Sen; Tang, Cao; Li, Rong-Rong; Xu, Wen-Lin; Wang, Ya-Qiong Author affiliation:College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, YangZhou University, YangZhou, Jiangsu 225002, China Serial title:Journal of Chemical and Engineering Data Abbreviated serial title:J Chem Eng Data Volume:v 52 Issue:n 1 Issue date:January/February 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 44-46 Language:English ISSN:0021-9568 CODEN:JCEAAX Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:American Chemical Society, Columbus, OH 43210-3337, United States Abstract:The solubility and density of the equilibrium liquid phase for the ternary K2C2O4 + H2O2 + H2O system were determined experimentally at (283.15 and 293.15) K. The phase diagrams of the system were constructed based on the measured solubility. The compound K2C2O4·H2O2 was confirmed by Schreinemaker's wet residues method. At (283.15 and 293.15) K, two solid phases were formed in the ternary K2C2O4 + H2O2 + H2O system that correspond to K 2C2O4·H2O2</s ub> and K2C2O4·H2O2. Results indicated that the phase diagrams of the ternary system are similar at different temperatures. The double salt K2C2O 4·H2O2 has a bigger crystallization field than either K2C2O4·H2O or the mixture. The solubilities of K2C2O 4·H2O and K2C2O 4·H2O2 increase slightly with increasing temperature, while the crystalline region of the compound K2C 2O4·-H2O2 decreases as the temperature increases. © 2007 American Chemical Society. Number of references:7 Ei main heading:Phase diagrams Ei controlled terms:Crystallization - Hydrogen peroxide - Solubility - Ternary systems - Thermal effects Uncontrolled terms:Schreinemaker's wet residues method - Solid phases - Equilibrium liquid phase Ei classification codes:801.4 Physical Chemistry - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds Treatment:Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1021/je060182y Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 120> Accession number:071310511513 Title:Solubility prediction for the nonelectrolyte urea-hydrogen peroxide-water system and thermodynamic solubility product calculation for CO(NH2)2 {dot operator} H2O2 using the modified Pitzer model Authors:Zhao, Hongkun; Tang, Cao; Zhang, Daosen; Li, Rongrong; Wang, Yaqiong; Xu, Wenlin Author affiliation:College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, YangZhou University, YangZhou, Jiangsu 225002, China Serial title:Calphad: Computer Coupling of Phase Diagrams and Thermochemistry Abbreviated serial title:Calphad Volume:v 31 Issue:n 2 Issue date:June 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 281-285 Language:English ISSN:0364-5916 CODEN:CCCTD6 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Elsevier Ltd, Oxford, OX5 1GB, United Kingdom Abstract:The Pitzer interaction model, which has been applied successfully to the thermodynamic simulation of electrolyte solutions and electrolyte-nonelectrolyte solutions, was extended to nonelectrolyte-nonelectrolyte solution system. In the present work, the modified Pitzer model was used for calculation and correlation of the ternary CO(NH2)2-H2O2-H2</su b>O system at 283.15 K. The value of the Pitzer interaction parameters for the ternary system and the thermodynamic solubility product of CO(NH2)2{dot operator}H2O2 were determined using a least-square optimization procedure with coupling activity coefficient and solubility data. The predicted isothermal solubilities agree well with the result obtained from the experiment. The results indicated that the modified Pitzer model could be successfully used to predict the component solubility of the nonelectrolyte-nonelectrolyte system. © 2007. Number of references:22 Ei main heading:Solubility Ei controlled terms:Computer simulation - Hydrogen peroxide - Mathematical models - Optimization - Ternary systems - Urea Uncontrolled terms:Pitzer model - Isothermal solubilities - Pitzer interaction - Coupling activity coefficient Ei classification codes:531.1 Metallurgy - 723.5 Computer Applications - 801.4 Physical Chemistry - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 921 Mathematics - 921.5 Optimization Techniques Treatment:Theoretical (THR); Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1016/j.calphad.2006.11.001 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 121> Accession number:071810576707 Title:Integral variable structure indirect adaptive control with fuzzy supervisory controller Authors:Zhang, Tian-Ping; Mei, Jian-Dong; Shen, Qi-Kun Author affiliation:Department of Computer, College of Information Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China Serial title:Kongzhi Lilun Yu Yinyong/Control Theory and Applications Abbreviated serial title:Kong Zhi Li Lun Yu Ying Yong Volume:v 24 Issue:n 1 Issue date:February 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 90-94 Language:Chinese ISSN:1000-8152 CODEN:KLYYEB Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China Abstract:A new integral variable structure indirect adaptive control scheme with fuzzy supervisory controller is developed for a class of uncertain nonlinear systems in this paper. The design is based on the principle of variable structure control. The fuzzy systems with nonlinear adjustable parameters are used to approximate unknown plant functions. With the help of a supervisory controller, the resulting closed-loop system is globally stable in the sense that all signals involved are uniformly bounded. Furthermore, the adaptive compensation term of the optimal approximation error is introduced to minimize the effects of modeling error. By theoretical analysis, it is shown that the tracking error converges to zero. Finally, simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach. Number of references:12 Ei main heading:Adaptive control systems Ei controlled terms:Closed loop systems - Computer simulation - Fuzzy control - Fuzzy systems - Nonlinear systems - Variable structure control Uncontrolled terms:Global stability - Fuzzy supervisory controller - Adaptive compensation - Optimal approximation Ei classification codes:723.5 Computer Applications - 731 Automatic Control Principles and Applications Treatment:Applications (APP) Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 122> Accession number:072810697244 Title:Assortativity and act degree distribution of some collaboration networks Authors:Chang, Hui; Su, Bei-Bei; Zhou, Yue-Ping; He, Da-Ren Author affiliation:College of Physics Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China Serial title:Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications Abbreviated serial title:Phys A Stat Mech Appl Volume:v 383 Issue:n 2 Issue date:Sep 15 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 687-702 Language:English ISSN:0378-4371 CODEN:PHYADX Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1000 AE, Netherlands Abstract:Empirical investigation results on weighted and un-weighted assortativity, act degree distribution, degree distribution and node strength distribution of nine real world collaboration networks have been presented. The investigations propose that act degree distribution, degree distribution and node strength distribution usually show so-called "shifted power law" (SPL) function forms, which can continuously vary from an ideal power law to an ideal exponential decay. Two parameters, α and η, can be used for description of the distribution functions. Another conclusion is that assortativity coefficient and the parameter, α or η, is monotonously dependent on each other. By the collaboration network evolution model introduced in a reference [P. Zhang et al., Physica A 360 (2006) 599], we analytically derived the SPL distributions, which typically appeared in general situations where nodes are selected partially randomly, with a probability p, and partially by linear preferential principle, with the probability 1 - p. The analytic discussion gives an explicit expression on the relationship between the random selection proportion p and the parameters α and η. The numerical simulation results by the model show a monotonic dependence of assortativity on the random selection proportion p. The empirically obtained assortativity versus α or η curve for the four collaboration networks with small maximal act size, Tmax, shows a good agreement with the model prediction. According to the curves, one can qualitatively judge the random selection proportion of the real world network in its evolution process. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Number of references:35 Ei main heading:Computer supported cooperative work Ei controlled terms:Asymptotic stability - Parameter estimation - Probability distributions - Random processes - Statistical mechanics Uncontrolled terms:Assortativity Act degree distribution Collaboration networks - Empirical investigation - Power law Ei classification codes:723.5 Computer Applications - 731.1 Control Systems - 921.6 Numerical Methods - 922.1 Probability Theory - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics - 931.1 Mechanics Treatment:Theoretical (THR) DOI:10.1016/j.physa.2007.04.045 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 123> Accession number:073710805749 Title:Microtubule dynamics in relation to osmotic stress-induced ABA accumulation in Zea mays roots Authors:Lu, Bing; Gong, Zhonghua; Wang, Juan; Zhang, Jianhua; Liang, Jiansheng Author affiliation:College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China Serial title:Journal of Experimental Botany Abbreviated serial title:J. Exp. Bot. Volume:v 58 Issue:n 10 Issue date:August 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 2565-2572 Language:English ISSN:0022-0957 CODEN:JEBOA6 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Oxford University Press, Oxford, OX2 6DP, United Kingdom Abstract:Microtubules play important roles in many physiological processes such as plant responses to drought stress. Abscisic acid (ABA) accumulates significantly in plants in response to drought conditions, which has been considered as a major response for plants to enhance drought tolerance. In this work, the focus was on the possible roles of microtubules in the induction of ABA biosynthesis in the roots of Zea mays when subjected to osmotic stress. The dynamic changes of microtubules in response to the stress were investigated by immunofluorescence staining, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and a pharmacological approach. Disruption and stabilization of microtubules both significantly stimulated ABA accumulation in maize root cells, although this stimulation was markedly lower than that caused by osmotic stress. Cells in which the microtubule stability had been changed did not respond further to osmotic stress in terms of ABA biosynthesis. However, treatment with both a microtubule de-stabilizer and a stabilizer enhanced the sensitivity of cells to osmotic stress in terms of ABA accumulation. It is suggested that both osmotic stress and changes in microtubule dynamics would trigger maize root cells to biosynthesize ABA, and interactions between osmotic stress and microtubule dynamics would have an effect on ABA accumulation in root cells, although the exact mechanism is not clear at present. © The Author [2007]. Published by Oxford University Press [on behalf of the Society for Experimental Biology]. All rights reserved. Number of references:27 Ei main heading:Plants (botany) Ei controlled terms:Biosynthesis Enzyme kinetics - Immunology - Microstructure - Molecular dynamics - Organic acids Uncontrolled terms:ABA biosynthesis - Microtubules - Osmotic stresses - Zea mays Ei classification codes:461.8 Biotechnology - 461.9 Biology - 461.9.1 Immunology - 801.2 Biochemistry - 801.4 Physical Chemistry - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 951 Materials Science Treatment:Theoretical (THR); Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1093/jxb/erm107 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 124> Accession number:074310886290 Title:Nanostructure-based leaf-like polyaniline in the presence of an amphiphilic triblock copolymer Authors:Han, Jie; Song, Genping; Guo, Rong Author affiliation:School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225002, China Serial title:Advanced Materials Abbreviated serial title:Adv Mater Volume:v 19 Issue:n 19 Issue date:Oct 5 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 2993-2999 Language:English ISSN:0935-9648 CODEN:ADVMEW Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Wiley-VCH Verlag, Berlin, D-13086, Germany Abstract:The successful synthesis of regularly oriented PANI nanostructures to present a leaf-like morphology, using the soft-template micelles formed by the amphiphilic triblock copolymer F127 was investigated. In a typical synthesis, 0.10 g aniline and 0.0252 g F127 were dispersed in 100 mL of deionized water with magnetic stirring at room temperature for 1 h and then with ultrasonication for another 0.5 h to obtain a uniform solution. The resulting solution was stirred for another 0.5 mm to ensure complete mixing and then the reaction was allowed to proceed without agitation for 24 h at 20°C. The chemical structures of leaf-like PANI were confirmed by Fourier-transform infrared (FUR) and UV-vis spectroscopy. The result of the X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern of PANI with a leaf-like morphology shows unusually high crystallinity. Abstract type:(Edited abstract) Number of references:60 Ei main heading:Polyaniline Ei controlled terms:Block copolymers - Deionized water - Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy - Micelles - Nanostructured materials - Structure (composition) Uncontrolled terms:Leaf-like morphology - Room temperature - Magnetic stirring Ei classification codes:708.2 Conducting Materials - 761 Nanotechnology - 801.3 Colloid Chemistry - 815.1.1 Organic Polymers - 933.1 Crystalline Solids - 951 Materials Science Treatment:Theoretical (THR); Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1002/adma.200602635 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 125> Accession number:074810949589 Title:Solvent-free reactions of alcohols with ss-dicarbonyl compounds catalyzed by iron (III) chloride Authors:Yuan, Yu; Shi, Zhuangzhi; Feng, Xuan; Liu, Xiangnong Author affiliation:College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, 225002 Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China Serial title:Applied Organometallic Chemistry Abbreviated serial title:Appl. Organomet. Chem. Volume:v 21 Issue:n 11 Issue date:November 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 958-964 Language:English ISSN:0268-2605 CODEN:AOCHEX Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:John Wiley and Sons Ltd, Chichester, West Sussex, PO19 8SQ, United Kingdom Abstract:The direct substitution of alcohols and /S-dicarbonyl compounds was catalyzed with FeCl3b under solvent-free conditions. The catalyst loading could be decreased to 0.01 mol% at high activities. It was shown that the reaction proceeded in two steps via the etherification of the alcohols. This method provided an easy and practical procedure for C-C bond formation. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley and Sons, Ltd. Number of references:69 Ei main heading:Alcohols Ei controlled terms:Catalyst activity - Chloride minerals - Ethers - Iron - Substitution reactions Uncontrolled terms:Dicarbonyl compounds Etherification Green chemistry - Carbon-carbon bond formations Ei classification codes:482.2 Minerals - 545.1 Iron - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 804.1 Organic Compounds Treatment:Literature review (LIT); Theoretical (THR) DOI:10.1002/aoc.1320 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 126> Accession number:070710428998 Title:Synthesis of hollow PbS nanospheres in pluronic F127/cyclohexane/H2O microemulsions Authors:Ding, Yuanhua; Liu, Xiaoxia; Guo, Rong Author affiliation:School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China Serial title:Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects Abbreviated serial title:Colloids Surf. A Physicochem. Eng. Asp. Volume:v 296 Issue:n 1-3 Issue date:Mar 15 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 8-18 Language:English ISSN:0927-7757 CODEN:CPEAEH Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1000 AE, Netherlands Abstract:A block copolymer microemulsion based approach is reported for the synthesis of hollow PbS nanospheres with a wall thickness of about 40 nm. The synthesis is achieved by the reaction of lead acetate (Pb(Ac)2) with the S2- ions released slowly from thioacetamide (TAA) in the amphiphilic triblock copolymer F127/cyclohexane/H2O microemulsions at room temperature. It has been revealed that a F127 concentration range is required for the formation of hollow PbS nanospheres, and the diameter of the obtained hollow spheres increases with increasing F127 concentration from 1.32 × 10-3 to 2.65 × 10-3 mol/L. The addition of cyclohexane makes both the diameter of hollow spheres and the amount of PbS particles in the sphere cores decrease. Increasing the temperature of the microemulsions can significantly decrease the diameter of hollow spheres. The hollow PbS nanospheres can be produced only when the molar concentration ratio of Pb(Ac)2 to TAA is equal to or larger than 1:1. When Pb(NO3)2 is used as the lead source instead of Pb(Ac)2, no hollow PbS nanospheres can be obtained due to the dissolution of PbS by the byproduct HNO3. A template mechanism is proposed for the formation of hollow PbS nanospheres. The complex microemulsion droplets formed by F127 microemulsion droplets and Pb2+ act as soft templates for the precipitation of PbS particles around the surface of the spherical aggregates, which results in final hollow PbS nanospheres. © 2007. Number of references:53 Ei main heading:Nanostructured materials Ei controlled terms:Block copolymers - Lead compounds - Microemulsions - Nitrogen compounds - Synthesis (chemical) - Thermal effects Uncontrolled terms:Lead sulfide Hollow nanospheres Block copolymer microemulsions - Formation processes Ei classification codes:802.2 Chemical Reactions - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 815.1 Polymeric Materials - 933.1 Crystalline Solids Treatment:Literature review (LIT); Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1016/j.colsurfa.2006.09.008 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 127> Accession number:070810438577 Title:A green hydrothermal route to GaOOH nanorods Authors:Zhang, Yong Cai; Wu, Xiao; Hu, Xiao Ya; Shi, Qiao Fang Author affiliation:Key Laboratory of Environmental Materials and Environmental Engineering of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou City, 225002, China Serial title:Materials Letters Abbreviated serial title:Mater Lett Volume:v 61 Issue:n 7 Issue date:March 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 1497-1499 Language:English ISSN:0167-577X CODEN:MLETDJ Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1000 AE, Netherlands Abstract:GaOOH nanorods were synthesized by a green hydrothermal method at 200 °C using nanocrystalline Ga2O3 powders and distilled water as the starting materials, and characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), and thermogravimetric and differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC) analysis. © 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Number of references:24 Ei main heading:Nanostructured materials Ei controlled terms:Electron diffraction apparatus - Gallium compounds - High resolution electron microscopy Hydrothermal synthesis Thermogravimetric analysis - Transmission electron microscopy Uncontrolled terms:X-ray techniques Green hydrothermal route - Nanorods - Nanocrystalline powders - Selected area electron diffraction (SAED) Ei classification codes:715 Electronic Equipment, General Purpose and Industrial - 741.3 Optical Devices and Systems - 801 Chemistry - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids - 933.1 Crystalline Solids Treatment:Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1016/j.matlet.2006.07.060 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 128> Accession number:071410520547 Title:Hybrid material based on chitosan and layered double hydroxides: Characterization and application to the design of amperometric phenol biosensor Authors:Han, En; Shan, Dan; Xue, Huaiguo; Cosnier, Serge Author affiliation:School of Chemistry and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China Serial title:Biomacromolecules Abbreviated serial title:Biomacromolecules Volume:v 8 Issue:n 3 Issue date:March 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 971-975 Language:English ISSN:1525-7797 CODEN:BOMAF6 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:American Chemical Society, Columbus, OH 43210-3337, United States Abstract:A new type of amperometric phenol biosensor based on chitosan/layered double hydroxides organic - inorganic composite film was described. This hybrid material combined the advantages of organic biopolymer, chitosan, and inorganic layered double hydroxides. Polyphenol oxidase (PPO) immobilized in the material maintained its activity well as the usage of glutaraldehyde was avoided. The composite films have been characterized by Fourier transform infrared. The results indicated that PPO retained the essential feature of its native structure in the composite film. The enzyme electrode provided a linear response to catechol over a concentration range of 3.6 x 106-9 to 4 x 10-5 M with a sensitivity of 2750 ± 52 mA M-1 CM-2 and a detection lirnit of 0.36 nM based on S/N = 3. The apparent Michaelis-Menten constant (KMapp) for the sensor was found to be 0.13 mM. The activation energy for enzymatic reaction was calculated to be 27.6 kJ mol-1. Furthermore, the biosensor exhibited excellent long-term stability and satisfactory reproducibility. © 2007 American Chemical Society. Number of references:37 Ei main heading:Biosensors Ei controlled terms:Activation energy - Amperometric sensors - Biopolymers - Enzyme immobilization - Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy - Phenols Uncontrolled terms:Inorganic layered double hydroxides Polyphenol oxidase (PPO) - Michaelis-Menten constant Ei classification codes:801.2 Biochemistry - 801.4 Physical Chemistry - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 815.1 Polymeric Materials - 942.1 Electric and Electronic Instruments Treatment:Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1021/bm060897d Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 129> Accession number:072010597647 Title:Nonisothermal cold crystallization behavior and kinetics of polylactide/clay nanocomposites Authors:Wu, Defeng; Wu, Liang; Wu, Lanfeng; Xu, Bin; Zhang, Yisheng; Zhang, Ming Author affiliation:School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225002, China Serial title:Journal of Polymer Science, Part B: Polymer Physics Abbreviated serial title:J Polym Sci Part B Volume:v 45 Issue:n 9 Issue date:May 1 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 1100-1113 Language:English ISSN:0887-6266 CODEN:JPBPEM Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:John Wiley and Sons Inc., Newark, NJ 07191-8667, United States Abstract:The nonisothermal cold crystallization behavior of intercalated polylactide (PLA)/clay nanocomposites (PLACNs) was studied using differential scanning calorimetry, polarized optical microscope, X-ray diffractometer, dynamic mechanical thermal analysis, and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer. The results show that both the cold crystallization temperature (Tcc) and melting point (Tm) of PLA matrix decreases monotonously with increasing of clay loadings, accompanied by the decreasing degree of crystallinity (Xc%) at the low heating rates ( [less-than or equal to] 5 °C/min). However, the Xc% of PLACNs presents a remarkable increase at the high heating rate of 10°C/min in contrast to that of neat PLA. The crystallization kinetics was then analyzed by the Avrami, Jezioney, Ozawa, Mo, Kissinger and Lauritzen-Hoffman kinetic models. It can be concluded that at the low heating rate, the cold crystallization of both the neat PLA and nanocomposites proceeds by regime III kinetics. The nucleation effect of clay promote the crystallization to some extent, while the impeding effect of clay results in the decrease of crystallization rate with increasing of clay loadings. At the high heating rate of 10°C/min, crystallization proceeds mainly by regime II kinetics. Thus, the formation of much more incomplete crystals in the PLACNs with high clay loadings due to the dominant multiple nucleations mechanism in regime II, may have primary contribution to the lower crystallization kinetics, also as a result to the higher degree of crystallinity and lower melting point in contrast to that of neat PLA. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Number of references:66 Ei main heading:Nanocomposites Ei controlled terms:Clay - Crystallization - Differential scanning calorimetry - Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy - Melting point - Reaction kinetics - X ray diffraction analysis Uncontrolled terms:Cold crystallization Polylactide Nonisothermal cold crystallization - Polarized optical microscope Ei classification codes:483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 761 Nanotechnology - 801 Chemistry - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids - 933 Solid State Physics - 944.6 Temperature Measurements Treatment:Literature review (LIT); Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1002/polb.21154 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 130> Accession number:072810697087 Title:Determination of protein by hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin sensitized fluorescence quenching method with erythrosine sodium as a fluorescence probe Authors:Zhu, Xiashi; Sun, Jing; Hu, Yanyan Author affiliation:College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China Serial title:Analytica Chimica Acta Abbreviated serial title:Anal. Chim. Acta Volume:v 596 Issue:n 2 Issue date:Jul 23 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 298-302 Language:English ISSN:0003-2670 CODEN:ACACAM Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1000 AE, Netherlands Abstract:The fluorescence spectral behavior of interaction of erythrosine sodium (ES) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) was investigated in hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) medium at pH 5.8. The excitation and emission wavelengths were 527 nm and 549 nm, respectively. The fluorescence intensity of ES increased due to the formed inclusion complex of HP-β-CD and ES. But the fluorescence intensity of ES-HP-β-CD diminished when BSA was added, and there was a linear relationship between the fluorescence quenching value of the system (ΔF = FES-HP-β-CD FBSA-ES-HP-β-CD) and the concentration of BSA. Based on this, a novel fluorescence quenching method for the determination of protein with ES as a fluorescence probe has been developed. Under the optimal conditions, the linear range of calibration curve for the determination of BSA was 0.5-32.0 μg mL-1, and the detection limit was 49.2 ng mL-1. It has been applied to the determination of serum in serum samples with satisfactory results. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Number of references:20 Ei main heading:Proteins Ei controlled terms:Cyclodextrins Fluorescence Linear systems - Probes - Quenching - Sodium - Wavelength Uncontrolled terms:Erythrosine sodium Fluorescence probes Emission wavelengths - Calibration curves Ei classification codes:537.1 Heat Treatment Processes - 549.1 Alkali Metals - 741.1 Light/Optics - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 943 Mechanical and Miscellaneous Measuring Instruments - 961 Systems Science Treatment:Theoretical (THR); Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1016/j.aca.2007.06.008 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 131> Accession number:073910834660 Title:On the geometric factors concerning the stress singularities at three-dimensional interface corner of bonded bi-materials Authors:Wu, Zhi-Xue Author affiliation:School of Mechanical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China Serial title:Jisuan Lixue Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Computational Mechanics Abbreviated serial title:Jisuan Lixue Xuebao Volume:v 24 Issue:n 4 Issue date:August 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 494-498 Language:Chinese ISSN:1007-4708 CODEN:JLXIAB Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Editorial Office of Chinese Journal of Computational Mechanics, Beijing, 100085, China Abstract:The stress singularities at the interface corner of typical joints, consisting of two blocks with different properties, are investigated numerically using a common finite element method. The focus is on the effects of the vertex angle between two side free surfaces upon the order of stress singularity at bimaterial interface corner. The numerical results show that the vertex angle has a significant effect on stress singularity at bimaterial interface corner. Larger the vertex angle is, smaller the stress singularity becomes, and the value of singularity order at the corner will converge to the level of the edge singularity when the vertex angle is close to 180°, which is also coincident with that estimated by using two-dimensional theory under plane strain. It is found that after eliminating the interface corner by generating a round fillet at the intersection of two side free surfaces, the values of singularity order along the interface edges become continuous, i.e. the strength of the corner singularities can be reduced to the level of the edge singularities. Number of references:14 Ei main heading:Strain Ei controlled terms:Finite element method - Joints (structural components) - Three dimensional - Two dimensional Uncontrolled terms:Stress singularity - Three dimensional joint - Bi materials - Interface Ei classification codes:408.1 Structural Design, General 723.5 Computer Applications - 921.6 Numerical Methods Treatment:Applications (APP); Experimental (EXP) Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 132> Accession number:074110858470 Title:Equilibrium solubility of 3- and 4-nitrophthalic acids in water Authors:Zhao, Hong-Kun; Li, Rong-Rong; Ji, Hai-Zhe; Zhang, Dao-Sen; Tang, Cao; Yang, Liu-Qing Author affiliation:College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, YangZhou University, YangZhou, Jiangsu 225002, China Serial title:Journal of Chemical and Engineering Data Abbreviated serial title:J Chem Eng Data Volume:v 52 Issue:n 5 Issue date:September/October 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 2072-2073 Language:English ISSN:0021-9568 CODEN:JCEAAX Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:American Chemical Society, Columbus, OH 43210-3337, United States Abstract:The equilibrium solubility of 3- and 4-nitrophthalic acids in water was measured experimentally using Schreinemaker's wet residue method at temperatures ranging from (285.15 to 348.15) K at atmospheric pressure. The solubility of 3- and 4-nitrophthalic acids in water increased with the increase of temperature. The experimental solubility is correlated by an empirical equation. The calculated values via the empirical equation agreed well with experimental results for 3- and 4-nitrophthalic acids. © 2007 American Chemical Society. Number of references:11 Ei main heading:Carboxylic acids Ei controlled terms:Nitrogen compounds Phase equilibria - Solubility - Thermoanalysis - Water Uncontrolled terms:Schreinemaker's wet residue method - Nitrophthalic acids - Experimental solubility Ei classification codes:801.4 Physical Chemistry - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds Treatment:Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1021/je7002594 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 133> Accession number:074110862493 Title:Space-time codes based on bit-interleaved quasi-super-orthogonal designs Authors:Zhengquan, Li; Libing, Pan Author affiliation:Dept. of Electronics and Communication, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China Serial title:Proceedings - SNPD 2007: Eighth ACIS International Conference on Software Engineering, Artificial Intelligence, Networking, and Parallel/Distributed Computing Abbreviated serial title:Proc. Eighth ACIS Int. Conf. Softw. Eng. Artif. Intell. Netw. Parallel Distrib. Comput. Volume:v 1 Monograph title:Proceedings - SNPD 2007: Eighth ACIS International Conference on Software Engineering, Artificial Intelligence, Networking, and Parallel/Distributed Computing Publication year:2007 Pages:p 841-842 Language:English ISBN-10:0769529097 Document type:Conference article (CA) Conference name:SNPD 2007: 8th ACIS International Conference on Software Engineering, Artificial Intelligence, Networking, and Parallel/Distributed Computing Conference date:Jul 30-Aug 1 2007 Conference location:Qingdao, China Conference code:70334 Publisher:Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Computer Society, Piscataway, NJ 08855-1331, United States Abstract:We introduce in this paper a new kind of space-time codes. The new codes can exist for 2,3,4 transmit antennas of rate 1, and exist for 5,6,7,8 transmit antennas of rate 3/4, and for any number transmit antennas of rate 1/2. At the same time the new codes can provide full diversity and high coding gain. © 2007 IEEE. Number of references:4 Ei main heading:Codes (symbols) Ei controlled terms:Antennas - Systems analysis Uncontrolled terms:Space time codes - Bit interleaved quasi super orthogonal designs - Transmit antennas - High coding gain Ei classification codes:716 Telecommunication; Radar, Radio and Television - 723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing - 912.3 Operations Research - 961 Systems Science Treatment:Theoretical (THR) DOI:10.1109/SNPD.2007.500 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 134> Accession number:070410379233 Title:Effects of magnetic field and rare-earth ions on properties of polyaniline nanoparticles Authors:Zhang, Shuling; Tang, Rong; Kan, Jinqing Author affiliation:School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China Serial title:Journal of Applied Polymer Science Abbreviated serial title:J. Appl. Polym. Sci. Volume:v 103 Issue:n 4 Issue date:Feb 15 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 2286-2294 Language:English ISSN:0021-8995 CODEN:JAPNAB Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:John Wiley and Sons Inc., Newark, NJ 07191-8667, United States Abstract:The uniform polyaniline nanoparticles with the size of about 50 nm were electropolymerized using the method of constant potential of 0.8 V. The effects of rareearth cations and magnetic field on the preparation and properties of polyaniline were investigated. It was found that the addition of rare-earth cations could enhance the effect of magnetic field on the properties of polyaniline. The resulting products were characterized by FTIR spectra, UVvis spectra and scanning electron microscope (SEM); the conductivity and cyclic voltammetry (CV) were also investigated. The experimental results show that the magnetic field has an orientation effect on polyaniline chain and there exists the interaction between rare-earth cations and polyaniline chain because of the electrostatic interaction. The addition of rare-earth cations can increase electrical conductivity, moreover, the effect of NdCl3 and ErCl 3 on properties of polvaniline is more remarkable than LaCl 3 and SmCl3. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Number of references:44 Ei main heading:Nanostructured materials Ei controlled terms:Amines - Cyclic voltammetry - Electropolymerization - Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy - Magnetic field effects - Organic polymers - Scanning electron microscopy Uncontrolled terms:Polyaniline - UV-vis spectra - Polyaniline chain - Electrostatic interaction Ei classification codes:701.2 Magnetism: Basic Concepts and Phenomena - 741.1 Light/Optics - 801.4.1 Electrochemistry - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 815.1.1 Organic Polymers - 815.2 Polymerization - 933.1 Crystalline Solids Treatment:Theoretical (THR); Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1002/app.23932 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 135> Accession number:071010466173 Title:A promising copolymer of aniline and m-aminophenol: Chemical preparation, novel electric properties and characterization Authors:Zhang, Jing; Shan, Dan; Mu, Shaolin Author affiliation:Department of Chemistry, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002 Jiangsu Province, China Serial title:Polymer Abbreviated serial title:Polymer Volume:v 48 Issue:n 5 Issue date:Feb 23 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 1269-1275 Language:English ISSN:0032-3861 CODEN:POLMAG Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Elsevier Ltd, Oxford, OX5 1GB, United Kingdom Abstract:A copolymer, poly(aniline-co-m-aminophenol), was synthesized chemically. The monomer concentration ratio strongly affects the copolymerization rate and the properties of the copolymer. A solution consisting 0.34 M aniline, 0.012 M m-aminophenol, 0.47 M ammonium peroxydisulfate and 2 M H2SO4 was found to be an optimum mixture for the chemical copolymerization. The visible spectra show that a high concentration ratio of m-aminophenol/aniline in the mixture inhibits the chain growth of the copolymer. The spectra of IR and 1H NMR demonstrate that m-aminophenol units are included in the copolymer chain, which play a key role in extending usable pH region of the copolymer. The result of cyclic voltammograms in a wide potential region of -0.20-0.80 V (vs. SCE) indicates that the copolymer prepared under the optimum condition still held 52.7% of the electrochemical activity when the copolymer electrode was transferred from a solution of pH 4.0 to a solution of pH 11.0, which is much better than that of polyaniline. The X-ray diffraction spectra and images of the copolymers reveal a fact that the changes in the crystal structure and morphology of the copolymers are as a function of the monomer ratio in the mixture. The conductivity of the copolymer prepared under the optimum condition is 2.3 S cm-1 and slightly depends on the pH value. © 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Number of references:44 Ei main heading:Copolymers Ei controlled terms:Copolymerization Electric properties Infrared radiation - Mixtures - Monomers - Nuclear magnetic resonance Uncontrolled terms:Chemical copolymerization - Aniline copolymers - Monomer concentration ratio - Chain growth Ei classification codes:701.1 Electricity: Basic Concepts and Phenomena - 741.1 Light/Optics - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 815.1 Polymeric Materials - 815.2 Polymerization - 931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids Treatment:Theoretical (THR); Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1016/j.polymer.2006.12.021 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 136> Accession number:071210507908 Title:The effect of sodium dodecyl sulfate on the conformation of bovine serum albumin Authors:Ding, Yuanhua; Shu, Ying; Ge, Lingling; Guo, Rong Author affiliation:School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China Serial title:Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects Abbreviated serial title:Colloids Surf. A Physicochem. Eng. Asp. Volume:v 298 Issue:n 3 Issue date:May 1 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 163-169 Language:English ISSN:0927-7757 CODEN:CPEAEH Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1000 AE, Netherlands Abstract:The effect of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) on the conformation of bovine serum albumin (BSA) was first determined by cyclic voltammetry, and verified by isothermal titration microcalorimetry, fluorescence spectroscopy, circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy, and freeze-fracture transmission electron microscopy (FF-TEM). In a very low SDS concentration range, SDS makes the globular protein loose through a specific binding in the structure, and then surface adsorption of SDS around the protein occurs. This makes the cathodic peak current of BSA arising from disulfide bonds increase first and then decrease steeply. When the SDS concentration is larger than 1.0 × 10-3 mol L-1, the electrostatic repulsion between the head groups of SDS could initiate the partial unfolding, and the gradual exposure of disulfide bonds facilitate the redox of BSA, leading to a slow decrease in the peak current. When the SDS concentration reaches the critical aggregation concentration (4.4 × 10-3 mol L-1), the SDS binding and resulting protein denaturation are largely enhanced. As only a small amount of disulfide bonds are surrounded by the micelle-like clusters, the decrease of the cathodic peak current of BSA becomes even slow. Above the critical micellar concentration, the repulsion between the charged micelle-like clusters and the increased hydrophobic interactions of hydrophobic SDS chains with the hydrophobic backbone of BSA results in the complete unfolding of the protein. The cathodic peak current is hardly affected with SDS addition due to the complete surrounding of disulfide bonds by micelle-like clusters. The corrected mixing enthalpy of SDS with BSA was exothermic at all SDS concentration (0-1.1 × 10-2 mol L-1), and could be interpreted in terms of various molecular events: specific binding, cooperative binding, protein unfolding, micelle cluster, and free micelle formation, which confirms the electrochemical behavior. The above results can be further verified by fluorescence spectral feature of BSA and FF-TEM images of SDS-BSA system. CD spectra studies indicate that the interactions of SDS with BSA only cause partial loss of the secondary structure of BSA. © 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Number of references:24 Ei main heading:Sodium compounds Ei controlled terms:Calorimetry - Conformations - Cyclic voltammetry - Fluorescence spectroscopy - Proteins - Transmission electron microscopy Uncontrolled terms:Bovine serum albumin - Mixing enthalpy - Freeze-fracture images - Specific binding Ei classification codes:741.3 Optical Devices and Systems - 801.4 Physical Chemistry - 801.4.1 Electrochemistry - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 941.3 Optical Instruments - 941.4 Optical Variables Measurements - 944.6 Temperature Measurements Treatment:Theoretical (THR); Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1016/j.colsurfa.2006.10.058 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 137> Accession number:074110857350 Title:Interaction between casein and the oppositely charged surfactant Authors:Liu, Yan; Guo, Rong Author affiliation:College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China Serial title:Biomacromolecules Abbreviated serial title:Biomacromolecules Volume:v 8 Issue:n 9 Issue date:September 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 2902-2908 Language:English ISSN:1525-7797 CODEN:BOMAF6 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:American Chemical Society, Columbus, OH 43210-3337, United States Abstract:The interactions between the classical cationic surfactant dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide (DTAB) and 2.0 mg/mL casein were investigated using isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), turbidity, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and fluorescence spectra measurements. The results suggest that the cationic headgroup, of the surfactant individually binds to the negatively charged amino acid sites on the casein chains because of the electrostatic attraction upon the addition of DTAB. When the surfactant concentration reaches a critical value c1, DTAB forms micelle-like aggregates on the casein chain, resulting in the formation of insoluble casein/DTAB complexes. Further addition of DTAB leads to the redissolution of casein/DTAB complexes because of the net positive charge on casein/DTAB complexes and the formation of DTAB free micelles. The addition of salt screens the repulsion between the surfactant headgroups and the attraction between casein and surfactant molecules, which weakens the binding of surfactant onto the casein chain, favoring the formation of free surfactant micelles. © 2007 American Chemical Society. Number of references:36 Ei main heading:Cationic surfactants Ei controlled terms:Amino acids - Calorimetry - Dissolution - Dynamic light scattering - Micelles - Turbidity Uncontrolled terms:Dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide Isothermal titration calorimetry - Free surfactant micelles Ei classification codes:741.1 Light/Optics - 801.3 Colloid Chemistry - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 944.6 Temperature Measurements Treatment:Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1021/bm7006136 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 138> Accession number:074110859339 Title:Hopf bifurcation analysis of hydraulic turbine governing systems with elastic water hammer effect Authors:Ling, Dai-Jian; Tao, Yang; Shen, Zu-Yi Author affiliation:College of Architecture Sci. and Engr., Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China Serial title:Zhendong Gongcheng Xuebao/Journal of Vibration Engineering Abbreviated serial title:Zhendong Gongcheng Xuebao Volume:v 20 Issue:n 4 Issue date:August 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 374-380 Language:Chinese ISSN:1004-4523 CODEN:ZXUEEA Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Nanjing University of Aeronautics an Astronautics, Nanjing, 210016, China Abstract:A nonlinear model of hydraulic turbine governing systems with elastic water hammer effect is presented. Based on the model, in the cases of frequency disturbance, load disturbance and without disturbance, bifurcation theories of dynamical systems are applied to analyze the Hopf bifurcation phenomena in the systems with the change of PID regulator parameters. The critical points of Hopf bifurcation, stable regions and bifurcation diagrams are obtained in the PID parameter spaces. The results are in comparison with those of non-elastic water hammer effect. In conclusion, with the varieties of PID parameters, the unexpected and sustained oscillation may appear in hydraulic turbine governing systems. For the sake of safety and stability, the regulator parameters should be set in the stable regions of parameter spaces. The simulations verify the results of the paper. Number of references:13 Ei main heading:Hopf bifurcation Ei controlled terms:Hydraulic turbines - Three term control systems - Water hammer Uncontrolled terms:Nonlinear model - PID control - Frequency disturbance - Stable regions Ei classification codes:617.1 Hydraulic Turbines - 632.2 Hydraulic Equipment and Machinery - 731.1 Control Systems - 921 Mathematics Treatment:Applications (APP) Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 139> Accession number:074310884163 Title:Studies on direct electron transfer and biocatalytic properties of hemoglobin in polyacrylonitrile matrix Authors:Shan, Dan; Wang, Shanxia; Zhu, Daobin; Xue, Huaiguo Author affiliation:School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China Serial title:Bioelectrochemistry Abbreviated serial title:Bioelectrochemistry Volume:v 71 Issue:n 2 Issue date:November 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 198-203 Language:English ISSN:1567-5394 CODEN:BIOEFK Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1000 AE, Netherlands Abstract:The direct electrochemistry of hemoglobin (Hb) immobilized in polyacrylonitrile (PAN) modified glassy carbon electrode was described. The protein-PAN film exhibited a pair of well-defined and quasi-reversible cyclic voltammetric peaks for Hb Fe(III)/Fe(II) redox couple in a pH 7.0 phosphate buffer. The formal potential of Hb heme Fe(III)/Fe(II) couple varied linearly with the increase of pH in the range of 5.0-9.0 with a slope of 54 mV pH- 1, which implied that a proton transfer was accompanied with each electron transfer in the electrochemical reaction. Position of Soret absorption band of Hb-PAN film suggested that the Hb kept its secondary structure similar to its native state in the PAN matrix. The Hb in PAN matrix acted as a biologic catalyst to catalyze the reduction of hydrogen peroxide. The electrocatalytic response showed a linear dependence on the H2O2 concentration ranging from 8.3 × 10- 6 to 5 × 10- 4 mol L- 1 with a detection limit of 8.3 × 10- 6 mol L- 1 at 3 σ. The apparent Michaelis-Menten constant KMapp for H2O2 sensor was estimated to be 0.9 mmol L- 1. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Number of references:22 Ei main heading:Hemoglobin Ei controlled terms:Absorption spectra Biocatalysts Cyclic voltammetry - Electrocatalysis - Polyacrylonitriles - Proton transfer Uncontrolled terms:Direct electrochemistry - Polyacrylonitrile matrix - Carbon electrodes - Electrochemical reactions Ei classification codes:461.2 Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 711.2 Electromagnetic Waves in Relation to Various Structures - 801.2 Biochemistry - 801.4.1 Electrochemistry - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 815.1.1 Organic Polymers - 932.1 High Energy Physics Treatment:Theoretical (THR); Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1016/j.bioelechem.2007.04.007 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 140> Accession number:074510913345 Title:Preparation of glassy carbon electrode modified by hydrophobic gold nanoparticles and its application for the determination of ethamsylate in the presence of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide Authors:Yang, Gong-Jun; Qu, Xi-Long; Shen, Ming; Wang, Cheng-Yin; Qu, Qi-Shu; Hu, Xiao-Ya Author affiliation:College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China Serial title:Sensors and Actuators, B: Chemical Abbreviated serial title:Sens Actuators, B Chem Volume:v 128 Issue:n 1 Issue date:Dec 12 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 258-265 Language:English ISSN:0925-4005 CODEN:SABCEB Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1000 AE, Netherlands Abstract:Glassy carbon electrode modified by hydrophobic gold nanoparticles was prepared by simply and rapidly attaching octadecylamine-capped gold nanoparticles onto the glassy carbon electrode surface (denoted as C18NH2-Nano-Au/GCE), which was characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and attenuated total reflection (ATR)-FTIR. The electrocatalytic oxidation of ethamsylate on the C18NH2-Nano-Au/GCE was investigated by means of cyclic voltammetry. The experimental results showed that the octadecylamine-capped gold nanoparticles exhibited a better electrocatalytic activity to ethamsylate, which reduced the oxidation overpotential about 66 mV with obviously increased current response. Under the optimal conditions, there was a good linear relationship between anodic peak current and ethamsylate concentration in the range of 1.0 × 10-8 to 1.0 × 10-5 M with the detection limit of 3.5 × 10-9 M (S/N = 3) in the presence of cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) by differential pulse voltammetry. The anodic peak current of successive 20 measurements on the identical surface and the renewed ones (n = 10) of C18NH2-Nano-Au/GCE were examined with the relative standard deviation of 3.1% and 3.9%, respectively. It indicated that the chemically modified electrode showed good stability and reproducibility. The proposed method has been used to determine the ethamsylate concentration in biological fluids with satisfactory results. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Number of references:29 Ei main heading:Electrodes Ei controlled terms:Ammonium compounds - Electrocatalysis - Gold - Hydrophobicity - Nanoparticles - Voltammetry Uncontrolled terms:Glassy carbon electrode - Biological fluids - Octadecylamine-capped gold nanoparticles - Differential pulse voltammetry - Ethamsylate Ei classification codes:547.1 Precious Metals - 704.1 Electric Components - 761 Nanotechnology - 801.4.1 Electrochemistry - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids - 933 Solid State Physics Treatment:Theoretical (THR); Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1016/j.snb.2007.06.005 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 141> Accession number:074610916058 Title:Experiment and numerical simulation of centrifugal pump with different wrap angle Authors:Yang, Hua; Liu, Chao; Tang, Fangping; Gu, Chuangang Author affiliation:College of Energy and Power Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China Serial title:Jixie Gongcheng Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering Abbreviated serial title:Jixie Gongcheng Xuebao Volume:v 43 Issue:n 10 Issue date:October 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 166-169 Language:Chinese ISSN:0577-6686 CODEN:CHHKA2 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Editorial Office of Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing, 100037, China Abstract:Centrifugal impellers C1, C2 and C3 are designed by using of three-order blade profile with the same basic geometry, such as radius, blade width and angle in the inlet and outlet, the number of the blades, and the designed rotating speed is also the same. The wrap angle of C1, C2 and C3 is 59°, 75° and 91° respectively. The profile of impeller C1 is very close to the ones of traditional single-arc. The test results indicate that the best efficiency of C2 is 1.28%, 1.43% higher than C1 and C3 respectively. By numerical simulation at the designed flow rate, the distribution of the relative velocity and load in the impeller is obtained. In the impeller C1 there is recirculation flow and load distribution in different passage is different. The study indicates that there is a best wrap angle and the single-arc is not the best blade profile. Number of references:10 Ei main heading:Centrifugal pumps Ei controlled terms:Flow rate - Geometry - Impellers Uncontrolled terms:Numerical simulation - Blade width - Rotating speed - Load distribution - Wrap angle Ei classification codes:601.2 Machine Components - 618.2 Pumps - 631 Fluid Flow - 921 Mathematics Treatment:Applications (APP); Experimental (EXP) Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 142> Accession number:074610915225 Title:Influence of load histories to characteristic of energy dissipation and failure of prestressed concrete beams Authors:Yuan, Jian-Li; Wang, Yi; Zhang, Jing-Jing; Qian, Zhong-Hui; Chen, Han-Bin Author affiliation:Architectural Science and Engineering College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China Serial title:Gongcheng Lixue/Engineering Mechanics Abbreviated serial title:Gongcheng Lixue Volume:v 24 Issue:n 10 Issue date:October 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 137-143 Language:Chinese ISSN:1000-4750 CODEN:GOLIEB Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Tsinghua University, Tsinghua University Xueyan Plaza, 100084, China Abstract:This article investigates and analyses the hysteretic characteristic of the prestressed concrete beams under different load histories. In the quasi-static test on prestressed concrete beams, four types of loading schemes were selected to simulate different earthquake actions. The influence of load histories on energy dissipation characteristic and failure feature of the members were acquired. The study indicated that the maximum displacement in the load histories is an important influence factor to energy dissipation characteristic of members. The sooner the maximum displacement experiences, the larger influence on the stiffness of member under the succeeding middling or small displacements, and the more loss to total energy dissipation capacity of the member. Number of references:12 Ei main heading:Prestressed beams and girders Ei controlled terms:Earthquakes - Energy dissipation - Failure (mechanical) - Loads (forces) - Prestressed concrete - Stiffness Uncontrolled terms:Prestressed concrete beams - Seismic behavior - Quasi-static test - Load history - Failure feature Ei classification codes:408.2 Structural Members and Shapes - 412 Concrete - 421 Strength of Building Materials; Mechanical Properties - 484 Seismology - 525.4 Energy Losses (industrial and residential) Treatment:Applications (APP) Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved <RECORD 143> Accession number:074710938233 Title:Synthesis and characterization of water-soluble gold colloids stabilized with aminoresorcinarene Authors:Shen, Ming; Chen, Wei-feng; Sun, Yan; Yan, Chao-guo Author affiliation:College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China Serial title:Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids Abbreviated serial title:J Phys Chem Solids Volume:v 68 Issue:n 12 Issue date:December 2007 Publication year:2007 Pages:p 2252-2261 Language:English ISSN:0022-3697 CODEN:JPCSAW Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Elsevier Ltd, Oxford, OX5 1GB, United Kingdom Abstract:An aminoresorcinarene (TOMR) with eight amino groups as a novel ligand was synthesized and the fabrication of gold hydrosol stabilized with TOMR was reported in this paper. The TOMR-capped gold nanoparticles were characterized and analyzed by the ultraviolet visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy, Fourier transmission infrared spectra (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), respectively. The experiment showed that nearly 10 times of the usual amount of hydrate hydrazine as a reducing agent needed to be used, and the obtained TOMR-stabilized gold hydrosol had a higher level of stability at room temperature, which might be related to the structure of TOMR molecule and the formation of hydrophilic double layer structure of TOMR on the surface of gold core. © 2007. Number of references:38 Ei main heading:Colloids Ei controlled terms:Gold - Hydrazine - Ligands - Nanoparticles - Optical properties - Synthesis (chemical) - Transmission electron microscopy Uncontrolled terms:Gold hydrosol - Reducing agent - Hydrophilic double layer - Room temperature Ei classification codes:547.1 Precious Metals - 741.1 Light/Optics - 741.3 Optical Devices and Systems - 761 Nanotechnology - 801.3 Colloid Chemistry - 801.4 Physical Chemistry - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 933 Solid State Physics Treatment:Theoretical (THR); Experimental (EXP) DOI:10.1016/j.jpcs.2007.06.007 Database:Compendex Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved

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