Download Body Systems Review

Name: ____________________________________________________________ Period: ___________ Date: ______________________
Body Systems Review
DUE on Friday, April 21st – TEST day
1. There are four major types of tissues:
________________________________________ - lines the body surfaces and protects other tissues from physical damage
and dehydration
________________________________________ - supports (ex bone), protects (ex bone), and insulates (ex fat) the body,
transports materials (ex blood).
________________________________________ - comprised of nerve cells which carry information throughout the body
________________________________________ - enables movement of body structures (3 types: smooth, cardiac, skeletal)
2. Complete the table:
Smallest functional unit of all life forms
Increasing Complexity
Group of similar cells that perform a
certain function
Group of tissues that work together to
perform a specific function
Group of organs that work together to
perform a specific function
3. __________________________________________ is the body’s ability to maintain stable internal conditions, even when the
environment is changing.
4. Match the hormone to its function:
__________ Triggers ovulation in females
__________ Lowers blood glucose levels in the body
A. Cortisol
B. Insulin
__________ Protects the body from adverse effects of stress
C. Glucagon
__________ Controls growth and development
D. Growth hormone (GH)
__________ Increases blood glucose levels in the body
E. Luteinizing hormone (LH)
5. Explain the role of beneficial bacteria (such as E. Coli) in the large intestine as it relates to digestion.
6. How does the circulatory system interact with the immune system to protect the body against pathogens?
7. How does the nervous system interact with the muscular system to control movement of the body?
Fill in the blanks using the word bank below:

Circulatory

Immune

Reproductive

Digestive

Integumentary

Respiratory

Endocrine

Muscular

Skeletal

Excretory

Nervous
8. __________________________________________ system is made up of organs and glands in the body that aid in the
production of new individuals.
9. __________________________________________ system circulates blood through the body, consisting of the heart, blood
vessels, blood cells, plasma and platelets.
10. __________________________________________ system is the body’s first line of defense. It protects the body from various
kinds of damage, such as loss of water or abrasion from outside. This system comprises the skin and its
appendages (including hair, scales, feathers, hooves, and nails).
11. __________________________________________ system is the framework of the body, consisting of bones and other
connective tissues, which protects and supports the body tissues and internal organs.
12. __________________________________________ system consists of skeletal, smooth and cardiac muscles. It permits
movement of the body, maintains posture, and circulates blood throughout the body.
13. __________________________________________ system removes excess, unnecessary materials from an organism, so as to
help maintain homeostasis within the organism and prevent damage to the body (ex: urine, sweat, CO2).
14. __________________________________________ system is involved in the process of respiration in an organism through
the intake and exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between an organism and the environment.
15. __________________________________________ system is made up of the biological structures and processes within an
organism that protects against disease.
16. __________________________________________ system is the network of nerve cells and fibers that transmits nerve
impulses between parts of the body.
17. __________________________________________ system is comprised of the organs and glands in the body that are
responsible for digestion. It begins with the mouth and extends through the esophagus, stomach, small
intestine, and large intestine, ending with the rectum and anus.
18. __________________________________________ system is made up of glands that secrete hormones directly into the
circulatory system to be carried toward a distant target organ.
Use the image below to answer the following questions:
19. Blood sugar regulation is an example of a ______________________________ feedback loop because:

When blood sugar levels are high, the liver converts sugar to __________________________________, thereby
_____________________________ blood sugar levels.

When blood sugar levels are low, the pancreas releases _________________________ into the blood. This triggers
the liver to break down ______________________________ to be released as glucose into the blood, thereby
_____________________________ blood sugar levels.
20. If your body temperature decreases, receptors in the hypothalamus detect the change and send signals to
muscles causing shivering which produces heat. The hypothalamus signals also cause blood vessels in the skin
to constrict (close) to decrease blood flow to the body surface. These responses increase body temperature.

This is an example of ________________________________________ feedback
21. Part of the complex biochemical pathway of blood clotting is the production of an enzyme that forms the matrix
of the blood clot. This has a self- catalytic, or self-accelerating effect, so that once the clotting process begins, it
runs faster and faster until, ideally, bleeding stops.

This is an example of ________________________________________ feedback
22. The walls of arteries stretch in the presence of high blood pressure. Baroreceptors located in these walls also
stretch and as a result, a signal is sent to the brain which slows down the body’s heart rate. This slows the flow
of blood through the arteries causing less pressure. As BP drops a signal is sent to speed up the heart rate.

This is an example of ________________________________________ feedback
Matching
__________
1.
Muscles that flattens and moves down during inhalation and
relaxes and moves up during exhalation
__________
2.
Filters cellular waste from blood, excretory system
__________
3.
Organ that makes bile and is involved in regulation of blood
sugar levels
__________
4.
Food travels from the esophagus to this sac-like organ where it
A. Arteries
B. Brain
C. Capillaries
D. Diaphragm
E. Gallbladder
becomes acidic chyme
F. Heart
__________
5.
Basic functional unit of the kidney
G. Kidneys
__________
6.
Organ that only stores bile.
H. Large intestine
__________
7.
Smallest blood vessel of the circulatory system, the width of one
I. Liver
red blood cell
J. Nephron
K. Pancreas
__________
8.
Urine is carried from the kidney to the bladder via this structure
__________
9.
Vessel that carries oxygen-poor blood toward the heart from the
body
__________
10. Beneficial bacteria are found here that aid in digestion of food,
primary location for absorption of nutrients
__________
11. Stores filtered urine waste until ready for excretion
__________
12. Water is absorbed here resulting in final waste product, feces
__________
13. Organ that releases enzymes into the small intestine for
L. Small intestine
M. Stomach
N. Ureter
O. Urethra
P. Urinary bladder
Q. Veins
digestion and release glucagon to trigger break down of glycogen
to glucose
__________
14. Vessel that carries oxygenated blood away from heart and delivers to the body
__________
15. Organ responsible for pumping blood; made up of cardiac muscle tissue
__________
16. Control center of the nervous system, organ made up of many nerve cells
__________
17. Urine is carried from the bladder to the exterior via this structure
Body system interactions:
1. Puberty begins when the hypothalamus signals the pituitary to release follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and
luteinizing hormone (LH). During this process, which are the primary body systems that are interacting?
a. The immune, reproductive, and nervous systems
b. The circulatory, integumentary, and excretory systems
c. The reproductive, endocrine, and nervous systems
d. The excretory, reproductive, and endocrine systems
2. Which human body systems are directly involved in reflex actions, such as knee jerk, blinking, and jumping
when startled?
a. Circulatory and respiratory
b. Digestive and excretory
c. Nervous and muscular
d. Reproductive and skeletal
Label the structures in the body systems listed below:
1. Digestive System:
(esophagus, large intestine, liver, small intestine, stomach)
2. Respiratory System:
(diaphragm, lungs, trachea)
3. Label the cells shown below AND the system it is found in:
Cell: _______________________________
Cell: _______________________________
System: ____________________________
System: ____________________________
Cell: _______________________________
Cell: _______________________________
System: ____________________________
System: ____________________________