Download p. 119 Energy 7th Grade ISN

p. 119 Energy 7th Grade ISN
Objective: I will identify and define different types of energy.
Draw a representation of energy.
Complete the jumping frog/ant activity. Draw a diagram of your ant/ frog here and
explain how it transfers potential energy to kinetic energy.
p. 120 Energy 7th Grade ISN
Types of Energy Notes
Potential & Kinetic
Energy
1. Potential Energy---stored energy
a) Gravitational potential energy—energy stored due to height
1. Calculated: (weight) (height)
b) Elastic potential energy—energy stored due to elasticity of material
c) Can be increased by increasing mass or height
2. Kinetic energy —energy in motion
a) Calculated-- mass X velocity2
2
b) Can be increased by increasing mass or speed
p. 109 Energy 7th Grade ISN
Objective: I will identify properties of sound.
Illustrate sound
1. Stretch a rubber band around the faucet. Pluck it. How does
the sound change as the rubber band is stretched?
Stretching the rubber band makes a ______________ sound.
The sound travels through _________________.
2. Strike a tuning fork with a rubber mallet. Place the tuning fork in a
beaker of water. Observe.
A vibrating tuning fork placed in water will _____________.
The sound travels through ______________.
p. 110 Energy 7th Grade ISN
Properties of Sound
1. How sound travels
a) Compressional wave with compressions and rarefactions
http://www.acs.psu.edu/drussell/Demos/waves/wavemotion.html
b) Through a medium (solid, liquid, or gas)
1. Solids = fastest, liquids = fast, gas = slow
c) Reflected = echo
d) Doppler effect-- the perceived change in wave frequency
when a sound source passes by a listener
2. Speed
a) High elasticity = faster
b) High density = slower
c) Low temperature = slower
3. Energy of sound waves
a) Higher frequency ( # waves/second) = higher pitch
b) Higher amplitude (height) = louder
p. 111 Energy 7th Grade ISN
Objective: I will identify properties of light.
Illustrate light.
Use the bubble solution and straw to blow a bubble on your
table. Draw what your bubble looks like below.
p. 112 Energy 7th Grade ISN
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Travels in a straight line @ 300,000 km/s or 186,000 miles/s
Light can be absorbed (taken in) or transmitted (given off)
a) The color of an opaque object is the color it reflects; all other colors are
absorbed.
b) Primary colors of light are red, blue, green, and mix together to make white.
Light can be refracted (bent)
a) Occurs because light travels at different speeds through different materials.
b) Lenses demonstrate the property of refraction and there are two types.
1. Concave—curve in and objects look smaller and farther away
2. Convex—curve out and objects look bigger and closer
3. Light travels faster through air than a lens, so it bends.
c) Prisms refract light into the colors of the rainbow: ROY G BIV
1. Red is bent the least and has longest wavelength
2. Voilet is bent the most and has the shortest wavelength
Light can be reflected
a) When light strikes an object at an angle, it is reflected at an equal angle.
Light can be diffracted —bend around a barrier
Light waves can produce constructive or destructive interference in thin films
(bubbles, oil slick) because there is more than one layer for light to reflect off of,
so the colors of the rainbow can be seen.
p. 113 Electricity & Magnetism 7th Grade ISN
Objective: I will explore static electricity.
Charge the piece of plastic wrap by rubbing it with a piece of paper towel until the plastic wrap sticks
to the table.
1.
The plastic wrap ___________________________ when _________________________________
2.
The plastic wrap ________________________ when ____________________________________
Object
1. Bingo chips
2. Straw
3. Gold straw
4. Beads
5. Rings
6. Pencil shavings
7. Chenille sticks
8. Sequins
9. Waxed paper
10. Aluminum foil
11. Pompoms
12. Styrofoam
13. Goggle eyes
14. Crepe paper
15. Salt
16. Copper ribbon
17. Rubber bands
18. Shredded money
Observations:
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p. 114 Electricity & Magnetism 7th Grade ISN
Static Electricity notes
Static electricity—the build up of charges on an object that do
not flow continuously.
Charges:
1. like charges---repel (+ & + or - & -)
2. unlike charges—attract (+ & -)
3. When negatively charged object and positively charged
object are brought together, electrons transfer until both
objects have the same charge.
p. 115 Electricity & Magnetism 7th Grade ISN
Objective: I will explore current electricity.
Obtain a D cell battery, light bulb, and wire or a clip lead. Try to get
the light bulb to light up. Illustrate at least one way the materials
can be put together to light the light bulb.
Compare and contrast a parallel and series circuit.
p. 116 Electricity & Magnetism 7th Grade ISN
Current electricity– continuous flow of electrons; measured in amps
Circuits– a continuous circle through which electrons can flow
Parts of a circuit include:
1. potential difference =the battery; measured in volts
2. resistance – property of a material that describes how much
energy is changed to heat and light; measured in ohms
toaster = high resistance
thick wire = low resistance
3. conducting path – path for electrons to flow through
Types of materials related to current electricity:
1. Conductors—easily allow electrons to flow (copper, iron, silver)
2. Insulators—resist the flow of electrons (plastic, wood, rubber,
glass, sand)
p. 117 Electricity & Magnetism 7th Grade ISN
Objective: I will identify the relationship between electricity and magnetism.
Activity 1: Obtain a D cell battery, nail, and wire. Wrap the wire
neatly and tightly around the nail, leaving about 1 inch of wire on
each side. Connect the ends of the wire to the battery. Tape the
wire to the battery. Put the nail next to some paperclips. Write
and observation. (1a) Detach the wire from the battery. Write an
observation. (1b)
Activity 2: Obtain a compass. Rotate the magnet around the
compass. Write an observation.
Activity 3: Obtain a compass. Wrap the wire around the top and
bottom of the compass. Connect it to a battery. Write an
observation.
Activity 1a observation:
Activity 1b observation:
Activity 2 observation:
Activity 3 observation:
Discuss what you have learned about how electricity and
magnetism are related.
I.
p. 118 Electricity & Magnetism 7th Grade ISN
How electricity and magnetism are related
An electric current makes a magnetic field with 3 characteristics:
1.
2.
3.
The field can be turned on and off by disconnecting the current.
The direction of the field can be changed by reversing the flow of current.
The strength of the field can change by neatly coiling wire around an iron
core as many times as possible.
a) Electromagnet– a magnet that can be turned on or off
II. When electricity and magnetism interact, an object can move
1. When a current carrying wire is placed in a magnetic field,
electrical energy is transferred to mechanical energy.
a)
Galvanometer uses 2 permanent magnets with an electromagnet in
between them and detects current when a needle moves (your compass
needle moved)
b) Electric motors use loops of wire between magnets. Current in the wire
reverses after each half turn, so the magnetic field switches from
attraction to repulsion. This causes the loop to spin continuously in the
same direction.
p. 109 Energy 7th Grade ISN
Objective: I will identify how energy is transferred in the form of heat.
Use a thermometer to measure the temperature of each item.
Complete the following chart.
Fahrenheit
Celsius
Kelvin
(Celsius + 273)
Underarm or hand
Draw an example of conduction, convection, and radiation.
p. 110 Energy 7th Grade ISN
Heat Transfer notes
Heat—thermal energy moving from warmer object to colder object
Temperature –measure of the average kinetic energy of the
particles of matter.
Temperature scales:
Kelvin, Celsius, Fahrenheit
Converting Celsius to Fahrenheit: 5(F-32)
9
3 Ways Heat is transferred
1. Conduction—movement of heat by objects in contact
2. Convection—movement of heat through a gas or liquid
3. Radiation—movement of heat through space