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Medical Biology Nutritional Technology Technology Science Science & Public Health Pathogens and Disease 10 10 10 10 10 20 20 20 20 20 30 30 30 30 30 40 40 40 40 40 50 50 50 50 50 QUESTION 1 - 10 • Trace the path of organs in the digestive system? ANSWER 1 – 10 • Mouth, Tongue, Pharynx, Esophagus, Stomach, Small Intestine, Large Intestine, Colon, Anus QUESTION 1 - 20 • What is the difference between Chemical Digestion and Physical Digestion? ANSWER 1 – 20 • • Chemical digestion is the breakdown of nutrients using saliva in the mouth and stomach acid. Occurs when the body physically breaks down the food. Teeth help in physical digestion, as well the muscles in the stomach physically compressing food. QUESTION 1 - 30 • What are the four food groups ? ANSWER 1 – 30 • Grains, vegetables and fruit, Meat and alternatives, Milk and alternatives. QUESTION 1 - 40 • What is the Function of Vitamin C and Vitamin D ANSWER 1 – 40 • • Vitamin C is an antioxidant vitamin needed for holding the cells together and for healthy teeth, gums and blood vessels; improves iron absorption and resistance to infection. Vitamin D promotes absorption and use of calcium and phosphate for healthy bones and teeth. QUESTION 1 - 50 • What is a Calorie ? ANSWER 1 – 50 • The energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water through 1 °C QUESTION 2 - 10 • Define Radiology ANSWER 2 – 10 • Imaging technology used for diagnosing and treating illness and disease QUESTION 2 - 20 • Name an assistive technology and its function ANSWER 2 – 20 • Ex. Prostatic Limb- used to allow amputees to have a limb QUESTION 2 - 30 • Give the three parts of a feed back loop ? ANSWER 2 – 30 • Monitor/sensor, control sensor, effector/regulator QUESTION 2 - 40 • What are the four vital signs and their norms ANSWER 2 – 40 • • • • Blood pressure 115/70 Heart Rate 50- 80 bmp Body Temperature 37degrees Respiratory Rate 12-30 breaths per minute QUESTION 2 - 50 • Name the four components of blood and their functions ANSWER 2 – 50 • • • • Plasma the fluid, non-cell portion of blood Red Blood Cells uses hemoglobin to carry O2 and CO2 White Blood Cells help fight off pathogens Platelets used to clot bleeding give the three parts of a feed back loop QUESTION 3 - 10 • Define Biofortification ? ANSWER 3 – 10 • Introducing genes into plants to increase the amount of nutrients QUESTION 3 - 20 • What is therapeutic cloning ? ANSWER 3 – 20 • Use of stem cells for medical or research purposes QUESTION 3 - 30 • Give an example of Medical Biotechnology ex. Bioprocessing ANSWER 3 – 30 • Mass producing of human proteins and vaccines by genetically modifying bacteria virus QUESTION 3 - 40 • Explain DNA’s structure and function ANSWER 3 – 40 • DNA is a double stranded helix made up of a phosphate group, a pentose sugar and a nitrogen base. Its function is to carry hereditary information and coding for protein QUESTION 3 - 50 • Give the six steps of protein synthesis ANSWER 3 – 50 • • • • • • 1.) DNA is copied into m RNA 2.) m RNA carriers codes message to ribosomes 3.) Ribosome clamps onto m RNA and begins the translation into amino acids 4.) t RNA bring amino acids to the ribosome 5.) the t RNA connect the amino acids, the t RNA with no amino acid leaves 6.) once amino acids chain is completed, chain will fold into functional groups QUESTION 4 - 10 • What is Public Health ? ANSWER 4 – 10 • The science of preventing disease, prolonging life and promoting health through the organized efforts and informed choices of society QUESTION 4 - 20 • What is Antigen? ANSWER 4 – 20 • Inactive press of the virus that act as an antigen, something your body will recognize as foreign and after your vaccine if it comes back into the body, your antibodies will attack. QUESTION 4 - 30 • What 4 categories are public health departments broken down into ? ANSWER 4 – 30 • • • 1. epidemiology 2. biostatistics 3. health service QUESTION 4 - 40 • For any pandemic in history of your choosing: where did it occur ? What pathogen caused the pandemic ? What a affliction did the people infected get ? Why was it as bad it was ? ANSWER 4 – 40 • • • • • Ex. Spanish Flu Occurred: World Pathogen: influence A Treated today: vaccine Date: 1918 – 1920 QUESTION 4 - 50 • What are native Canadians a susceptible population ? ANSWER 4 – 50 • Income, social, education, connectedness, socioeconomic, factors QUESTION 5 - 10 • What is a Pathogen ? ANSWER 5 – 10 • An infectious agent/germ that cause disease or illness in a host QUESTION 5 - 20 • What is antibiotics? ANSWER 5 – 20 • Reactionary measure to a bacteria infection QUESTION 5 - 30 • What is Virulence ? ANSWER 5 – 30 • How well a pathogen causes disease QUESTION 5 - 40 • What is the difference between a epidemic and a pandemic ? ANSWER 5 – 40 • An epidemic occurs more often than expected over a given period where as a pandemic is a epidemic of infectious disease that has spread over a large area QUESTION 5 - 50 • What are vaccines made from? What are antibiotics made from ? ANSWER 5 – 50 • Vaccines are made from a small dose of the disease that will help prevent you from getting a pathogen. Antibiotics are made from antivirus that help treat the pathogen you already causes.