Download Entomology

Entomology
Original PowerPoint by
Mark Morgan
Modified by Georgia
Agriculture Education
Curriculum Office
November 2005
August 2008
What is
Entomology?
- the branch of zoology
that deals with the
study of insects
August 2008
• On average there are more
than 750,000 species of
insects that have been
identified worldwide.
August 2008
• There are only
approximately 10,000
species of insects that
are harmful to humans.
August 2008
Problems
– Deadly epidemics of
the past have been
caused by diseased
organisms carried by
insects.
– Example: Bubonic
Plague epidemic that
wiped out the
population of Europe
in the 14 century was
carried by fleas that
infested rodents
August 2008
Classification of
insects:
–Kingdom
–Phyla
–Class
–Order
–Family
–Genus
–Species
August 2008
• The highest level is the
Kingdom
• The most specific is the
species level.
• Organisms are usually
classified by the genus
and species.
• This is called a binomial
nomenclature.
August 2008
Six orders of
insects:
- Orthoptera- which
includes the grasshopper
and locust
– Hemiptera- which
includes the true bugs
such as leaf hoppers and
plant bugs
– Lepidoptera – moths and
butterflies
– Homoptera- aphids
August 2008
Cont’d…
– Thysanoptera- thrips
– Coleoptera- which is
the largest group of the
insect orders this has
beetles
August 2008
How are insects
grouped?
• by the way they feed on
plants
• by their mouth parts
August 2008
Six Mouth Parts
– Sponging
– Rasping- sucking
– Siphoning
– Chewing-lapping
– Chewing
– Piercing- sucking
August 2008
• Insects have no internal
skeleton and they rely on
their hard outer coating,
exoskeleton, which
protects their inner organs
and supports their body.
August 2008
Parts of an Insect
– Head
– Thorax
– Abdomen
August 2008
Head
– Has a pair of compound
eye and two sensory
appendages called
antennae
August 2008
Thorax
– is divided into three
segments from which
are attached three pairs
of legs
August 2008
Abdomen
– is attached to the
thorax
– which will contain
more segments
August 2008
Life Cycles
– Incomplete
Metamorphosis
– Complete
Metamorphosis
August 2008
Incomplete
Metamorphosis
• Eggs
• to Early nymph (no
wings)
• to late nymph (wings
developing)
• Goes to Adult
August 2008
Complete
Metamorphosis
•
•
•
•
August 2008
Eggs to
Larva to
Pupa to
Adult
What Is a Larva?
• It is when the young insect
has soft tubular body and
looks very much like a
worm
August 2008
What Is the Pupa
Stage?
• The larva matures and
will pass through the
pupa stages which is
usually a relatively
dormant stage.
August 2008
What is DDT?
– This is a chemical that was
discovered by German name
Othmar Zeidler in 1874.
– It is a chemical used to
reduce the number of
insects in a given area.
– Example: mosquitoes in the
tropics
August 2008
Integrated Pest
Management
• Cultural methods
• Insect diseases and
predators
• Pheromones
• Release of sterile
males
• Insect resistant plants
varieties
August 2008