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Respiratory System
1. Which structures filter and moisten air as it passes through the
human respiratory system?
A)
B)
C)
D)
cilia and mucous membranes
alveoli and cartilage rings
diaphragm and bronchioles
epiglottis and bronchi
2. What will most likely happen when food is in the trachea?
A)
B)
C)
D)
The food will interfere with the passage of air to the alveoli.
The food will undergo emulsification and deamination.
The food will be moved down to the stomach by peristalsis.
The food will be completely digested as a result of enzyme
action.
3. Which sequence correctly indicates the branching pattern of the
human respiratory system?
A)
B)
C)
D)
trachea
trachea
alveoli
alveoli
bronchi
bronchioles
bronchioles
bronchi
trachea
bronchioles
bronchioles
trachea
alveoli
alveoli
bronchi
bronchi
4. When humans exhale, air passes from the trachea directly into the
A) bronchioles
C) bronchi
B) alveoli
D) pharynx
5. Which structure in humans is lined with ciliated mucous
membrane, is supported by cartilaginous rings, and functions as a
passageway for air?
A) esophagus
C) pharynx
B) alveolus
D) trachea
6. Base your answer to the following question on Which statement
best describes the structure indicated by letter X in the diagram
below?
7. Which statement best describes the function of the respiratory
passageways of a human?
A) They permit digestive end-products to make contact with
body cells.
B) They permit exchange between the external atmosphere and
the circulatory system.
C) They transport gaseous cellular wastes from body cells to the
lungs for excretion.
D) They regulate the amount of ammonia and salt dissolved in
body fluids.
8. A humidifier is a device that adds moisture to dry air. Which part
of the human respiratory system has the same function?
A) nasal cavity
C) diaphragm
B) epiglottis
D) cartilage rings
9. The human trachea is a passageway that remains open due to the
presence of
A) bones
C) skeletal muscles
B) ligaments
D) cartilaginous rings
10. Which structures in the nasal cavity remove some bacteria and
dust from outside air before it enters the lungs?
A)
B)
C)
D)
rings of cartilage
lymph nodes
thin, moist alveoli
ciliated mucous membranes
11. Which statement best describes the human respiratory system?
A) It is composed of a network of moist passageways that
permit air to flow from the external environment to the
lungs.
B) Each cell of the human body is in direct contact with the
external environment, and gas exchange occurs by diffusion.
C) The external body surface is kept moist to allow for gas
exchange.
D) Gases diffuse across membranes on both the external and
internal surfaces of the body.
12. In humans, which structure prevents food from entering the
trachea?
A) epiglottis
C) mucous membrane
B) alveolus
D) cartilage ring
13. The cellular process which uses oxygen and sugar to produce
energy is called
A) It is kept open by rings of cartilage.
B) It is lined with a mucous membrane that filters, moistens, and
warms the air.
C) It is made up of alveoli.
D) It contains ciliated bronchioles to filter the incoming air.
A) photosynthesis
C) cellular respiration
B) cell division
D) DNA replication
14. The organ depicted above is responsible for
A) circulation
C) reproduction
B) excretion
D) respiration
15. What is the main function of gas exchange
A)
B)
C)
D)
To remove carbon dioxide and supply oxygen to the body
To remove oxygen from the body
To supply carbon dioxide and remove oxygen from the body
To supply water to the body cells
16. Which line in the graph below best illustrates an effect of the
carbon dioxide level in the blood on breathing rate before, during,
and after a period of exercise?
A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
17. Which diagram best illustrates the function of an alveolus?
A)
B)
C)
D)
18. Base your answer to the following question on Which structure
shown in the diagram below contracts, causing a pressure change
in the chest cavity during breathing?
22. Which part of the human respiratory system is correctly paired
with a description of its structure?
A) alveolus – microscopic sac containing rings of cartilage and
ciliated membranes
B) pharynx – cavity lined with flagellated mucous membranes
C) bronchiole – small branching tubule lacking cartilaginous
rings
D) trachea – thin, moist membrane surrounded by capillaries
23. In vertebrates, organs adapted for respiratory gas exchange are
characterized by the
A)
B)
C)
D)
lack of blood vessels
presence of villi
presence of many capillaries
lack of cell membranes
24. In the human respiratory system, bronchioles directly connect the
A) trachea and pharynx
B) bronchi and alveoli
C) nasal cavity and trachea D) epiglottis and larynx
25. Humans breathe more rapidly during exercise than before it
because during exercise the blood contains
A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
19. An increase in breathing rate can be triggered by an increase in
the
A)
B)
C)
D)
carbon dioxide content of the blood
oxygen content of the atmosphere
number of platelets in the blood
number of red blood cells
20. Which part of the human respiratory system is a thin, moist
membranous structure where gas exchange occurs?
A) trachea
C) epiglottis
B) bronchus
D) alveolus
21. Base your answer to the following question on The diagram below
represents part of a capillary in a specific region of the human
body.
The region labeled X represents part of
A) a glomerulus
C) a villus
B) an alveolus
D) the liver
A)
B)
C)
D)
an increased level of oxygen
a decreased number of red blood cells
an increased level of carbon dioxide
a decreased amount of hemoglobin
26. In humans, the thin, moist membranes of the alveoli are
surrounded by
A) bronchi
C) capillaries
B) the epiglottis
D) lymph vessels
27. Base your answer to the following question on The diagram below
represents a demonstration of the breathing process in humans.
The balloons represent lungs.
32. Which of the following would cause CO2 to build up in the body?
A)
B)
C)
D)
A malfunction of the circulatory system
A malfunction of the respiratory system
A malfunction of the reproductive system
A malfunction of the digestive system
33. Could an individual unable to absorb oxygen into the body
perform cellular respiration?
A)
B)
C)
D)
No
Yes
Maybe
There is not enough information tell
34. A man develops a severe infection in his lungs. This would
impact the man's ability to
The change in the balloons is brought about by
A) a change in air composition outside the bell jar
B) a change in air pressure inside the bell jar
C) an expansion of the balloons, which pulls the rubber sheet
into the bell jar
D) a contraction of the balloons, which forces air into the bell
jar
28. In humans, what happens when the breathing rate increases?
A) Additional oxygen will diffuse into the blood as carbon
dioxide diffuses out of the blood in the lungs.
B) Additional carbon dioxide will diffuse into the blood as
oxygen diffuses out of the blood in the lungs.
C) Oxygen from body cells will diffuse more rapidly into red
blood cells.
D) Increased oxygen dissolved in the blood will stimulate the
cerebrum to slow the breathing rate.
29. Which body structures have walls one cell thick?
A)
B)
C)
D)
veins and arteries
trachea and bronchi
capillaries and alveoli
lymph vessels and stomach
30. Which human organ is correctly paired with its functional
subunits?
A) lung—alveoli
C) brain—nephrons
B) kidney—neurons
D) liver—ureters
31. In humans, most gas exchange occurs between the
A)
B)
C)
D)
excretory tubules and body cells
arteries and body cells
skin and air
alveoli and capillaries
A)
B)
C)
D)
digest food
transport nutrients throughout the body
absorb oxygen and expel carbon dioxide
produce sex cells
35. Which set of symptoms would most likely lead to a diagnosis of
asthma?
A)
B)
C)
D)
enlargement and degeneration of the alveoli
constriction of the bronchial tubes and wheezing
inflammation and swelling of the epiglottis
constriction of the nasal cavity and watery eyes
36. An allergic reaction characterized by the constriction of the
bronchial tubes is known as
A) coronary thrombosis
C) asthma
B) arthritis
D) emphysema
37. Which disease is linked to smoking and results in a reduction in
the number and elasticity of alveoli?
A) emphysema
C) bronchitis
B) asthma
D) meningitis
38. Smoking may damage the respiratory system because deposits
from the smoke can
A)
B)
C)
D)
interfere with ciliary action in the trachea
trigger the release of antigens by the alveoli
block the transmission of impulses that regulate breathing
lower blood pressure in the mucous membranes of the
bronchioles
39. Base your answer to the following question on the chart below and 42. Base your answer to the following question on the organ,
on your knowledge of biology. The chart lacks some information
indicated in the diagram below, that is most closely associated
about the symptoms and disorders of three patients who have
with that statement.
recently received medical attention.
Patient A most likely has the disorder known as
A) emphysema
C) diabetes
B) leukemia
D) bronchitis
40. Which malfunction of the human body is characterized by an
enlargement and degeneration of the alveoli, resulting in a
decreased lung capacity?
A) cerebral palsy
C) emphysema
B) coronary thrombosis
D) leukemia
41. Deposits from cigarette smoke and other atmospheric pollutants
may interfere with the
A)
B)
C)
D)
action of cilia in the trachea
contraction of the diaphragm
warming of air in the nasal cavity
secretion of mucus by the alveoli
Emphysema is a disease characterized by the degeneration of the
functional units of this organ.
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 5