Download vernacular region

FOLK CULTURE & POPULAR
CULTURE
TWO POLES OF A CONTINUUM
remnants of surviving folk culture
in the U.S.
vernacular region – not officially defined, but still real
shared, traditional way of describing experience, so part of
folk culture
• Folk Culture includes
traditional medicine.
What are some ways
folk culture medicine
gets incorporated into
popular culture?
– pharmaceutical
companies
“discover” and
patent a compound
– a substance becomes
popular for
“recreational” use
– A technique like
acupuncture or
Chinese herbal
medicine gains
mainstream
acceptance
Diffusion of the Rodeo
Who started it?
Receptivity of : Mexicans, Canadians, Mormons?
Diffusion of agricultural fairs
What types of diffusion are operating here?
Components of culture
• Artifact – physical component (big or
small)
• Mentifact – intangible component (stories,
sayings, songs, values, etc.)
• Sociofact – interactive component (personal
space, definition of family)
How is this vernacular architecture (folk
architecture) suited to its environment?
(house from Orchid Island, near Taiwan)
• readily available materials
• form responds to climate and weather patterns
Material folk culture regions
• Each region possesses many distinctive
items of material culture
– Upland South region—notched-log
construction, used in building a variety of
distinctive house types such as the “dogtrot”
What might be the reason
for the “forebay” on
Pennsylvania barns?
the “dogtrot”
What kinds of environmental
adaptation can you identify?
How else could
you build a house
to do the same
thing?
What elements of the
Quebec farmhouse
respond to climate?
Do any elements seem to
respond more to social
factors?
Why is the Buriat
Mongolian yurt so
similar to the Navajo
hogan?
Pueblo Architecture
Northern New
Mexico
Pre-Columbian
“condo”
Suited to dry
climate with cold,
sunny winters
strong diurnal temp
swings
“horno” bread oven
An “adobe” drive-through bank
Popular Culture Landscape:
McDonalds in Moscow & Tokyo
Terroir
The taste depends on the place
Terroir
concept
Ontario’s Terroirs
Ontario’s Appellation Vineyards
Wine Growing in
Ontario
• Wine grapes are grown in a relatively small
band across southern Ontario where the
southerly latitude and Great Lakes provide a
favourable climate
• Located between 41 and 44 degrees latitude,
Ontario’s appellations are similarly situated to
many of the classic cool climate wine regions in
the world
•With warm summers and cold but tolerable
winters, Ontario has an ideal combination to
ripen grapes during the growing season and also
produce intensely flavoured Icewines from a
winter harvest
• Local conditions in each appellation dictate the
range of grape varieties and wine styles
Ontario’s Primary Appellations
Viticultural Areas
Ontario’s Appellations
• Ontario has so far identified three primary
appellations of origin or “Viticultural Areas”:
Prince Edward County
• Niagara Peninsula Shaped by the natural
wonders of the Niagara Escarpment and Niagara
Falls, the Niagara Peninsula provides ideal coolclimate conditions for wine growing. Its
diversity has resulted in the identification of 10
sub-appellations
• Prince Edward County Bordering Lake
Ontario and the Bay of Quinte, this appellation
is surrounded by water and features a rich
terroir dominated by stoney soils
• Lake Erie North Shore Stretching along the
warm, shallow waters of Lake Erie, vines in this
southerly appellation enjoy the most sunshine in
Canada, providing excellent ripening conditions
and full bodied wines
The Niagara Peninsula
Lake Erie North Shore
Lake Erie North Shore
Cool lake breezes, abundance of sunshine, ripe fruit with good balance
Appellation Overview
• Located at a latitude of approximately
N42° and stretching along the bow-shaped
shoreline of Lake Erie, including Pelee
Island, from Amherstburg to south of St
Thomas,
the Lake Erie North Shore appellation
encompasses the vineyards in the
southwestern extremity of Ontario
• With no major topographic barrier to the
prevailing southwesterly winds this
appellation enjoys the full effect of the lake
breeze that moderates the entire area during
the growing season
• This favourable southerly location,
combined with the warming effect of
the shallow waters of Lake Erie, allows this
appellation to enjoy a long growing season
and promotes ripe fruit with a perfect
balance between natural sweetness and
acidity
PRINCE EDWARD
COUNTY
NIAGARA
PENINSULA
LAKE ERIE
NORTH SHORE
STATISTICS
COMMON VARIETALS:
Cabernet Franc, Chardonnay,
GROWING DEGREE DAYS (AVG.): 1476
Pinot Gris
FROST FREE DAYS: 172
PRODUCTION (2009 REPORTING YEAR):
(-2º)
JULY MEAN TEMPERATURE: 22°
GROWING SEASON: April to October
PRECIPITATION: 544mm (growing season)
(9L cases)
NUMBER OF APPROVED WINES: 70
NUMBER OF WINERIES:
11
64927
Prince Edward County
Limestone bedrock, stony soils, low yields, excellent fruit concentration
Appellation Overview
• Prince Edward County is located at the eastern
end of Lake Ontario, just south of Belleville,
and encompasses the County, Amherst Island
and a narrow strip of land
to the north
• On the northern and eastern shorelines high
rocky bluffs rise to an elevation of a hundred
feet or more while the western shore has many
inlets with sandy shores and large sand bars
which define bodies
of water such as West Lake and East Lake
• Prevailing southwesterly breezes travel
steadily across the Bay of Quinte moderating
temperatures throughout the year, which is
especially beneficial during the warm summer
months, with pleasant cooling during the hotter
days and keeping cool nights at bay
• Prince Edward County terroir features loose
gravely soil types that lay atop the broad
Trenton limestone plateau providing good
structure, ample drainage, shale and minerals for
healthy development of vines and fruit with
character
PRINCE EDWARD
COUNTY
PRINCE EDWARD
PRINCE EDWARD
COUNTY
NIAGARA
PENINSULA
LAKE ERIE NORTH SHORE
LAKE ONTARIO
Chardonnay, Pinot Noir
22937
STATISTICS
COMMON VARIETALS:
GROWING DEGREE DAYS (AVG.): N/A
PRODUCTION (2009 REPORTING YEAR):
FROST FREE DAYS: 143
(-2º)
JULY MEAN TEMPERATURE: 19°C
GROWING SEASON: April to October
PRECIPITATION: 757mm (year)
(9L cases)
NUMBER OF APPROVED WINES: 53
NUMBER OF WINERIES:
17
Niagara Escarpment
Inspiring elevations, classic minerality, refreshing wines
Regional Appellation
Overview
• Representing the bench lands along
the Niagara Escarpment, west of St. Catharines
to Grimsby, this complex region encompasses
three sub-appellations: Short Hills Bench,
Twenty Mile Bench, and Beamsville Bench
• The topography ranges from a distinct bench
in the west Beamsville Bench, backed by steep
cliff faces, through a double bench in the
Twenty Mile Bench,
to undulating hills in the east Short Hills Bench
• Features highly variable soils consisting
of water-stratified clay and silt to rich
calcareous clay loam, most of this area’s soils
are deep and moderately drained with good
water-holding capacities
• Unique conditions for grape berry maturation
across this region contribute
to the distinctive and refreshing style of Niagara
Escarpment wines
PRINCE EDWARD
COUNTY
NIAGARA
PENINSULA
LAKE ERIE
NORTH SHORE
STATISTICS
GROWING DEGREE DAYS (AVG.): 1415
FROST FREE DAYS: 205
(-2º)
JULY MEAN TEMPERATURE: 22.5°
GROWING SEASON: April to October
PRECIPITATION: 543mm (growing season)
COMMON VARIETALS:
Riesling
PRODUCTION (2009 REPORTING YEAR): 23151
(9L cases)
NUMBER OF APPROVED WINES: 21
NUMBER OF WINERIES: 19
Niagara Peninsula
Diverse terroir, sheltered slopes, lakeside vineyards, great breadth in its wines
Appellation Overview
• Bordered by Lake Ontario to the north, the
Niagara River to the east and the Welland River
and Hamilton to the south and west, the Niagara
Peninsula is the largest and most diverse
Viticultural Area in Canada
• Variation in soil composition and drainage
across the appellation allows for many different
varietals to thrive and produces distinctive subappellation terroirs that contribute their own
character to root development and, in turn, to
vine and grape development and to the nature
and personality of the wine
• The Niagara Peninsula is a cool-climate
appellation ideally situated near N43° latitude,
with relatively high shifts in day-night
temperature and substantial sunshine during the
growing season
• This combination provides for the
development of more complex and intense
grape flavours during ripening than warmer
climates can provide
PRINCE EDWARD
COUNTY
NIAGARA
PENINSULA
LAKE ERIE NORTH SHORE
STATISTICS
FROST FREE DAYS: 198
(-2º)
JULY MEAN TEMPERATURE: 22.3°
GROWING SEASON: April
PRECIPITATION:
Chardonnay, Riesling, Pinot
Noir, Cabernet Franc
PRODUCTION (2009 REPORTING YEAR): 1249851
(9L cases)
NUMBER OF APPROVED WINES: 573
NUMBER OF WINERIES: 70
COMMON VARIETALS:
GROWING DEGREE DAYS (AVG.): 1413
to October
546mm (growing season)
Niagara-on-the-lake
Elegant vistas, spirited styles, inviting wines of origin
Regional Appellation
Overview
• Situated below the crest of the Niagara
Escarpment and stretching to the Niagara River
and the shores of Lake Ontario, this region
encompasses four sub-appellations: Niagara
River, Niagara Lakeshore, Four Mile Creek and
St. David's Bench
• Most of this region is lakeshore plains land,
characterized by long, gentle slopes, which
become slightly more prominent in proximity to
the north-facing Lake Iroquois Bluff
• Although there is a great diversity in geology,
soil composition, elevation and climate, the
wineries of this appellation share the collective
benefits of proximity to the Lake, River and
Escarpment, which their wines reflect
• The region is becoming well known for its
annual celebrations of terroir-focused foods and
wines
PRINCE EDWARD
COUNTY
NIAGARA
PENINSULA
LAKE ERIE
NORTH SHORE
STATISTICS
GROWING DEGREE DAYS (AVG.): 1434
FROST FREE DAYS: 207
(-2º)
JULY MEAN TEMPERATURE: 22.6°
GROWING SEASON: April to October
PRECIPITATION: 544mm (growing season)
COMMON VARIETALS:
Chardonnay, Riesling,
Cabernet Franc
PRODUCTION (2009 REPORTING YEAR):
(9L cases)
NUMBER OF APPROVED WINES: 92
NUMBER OF WINERIES:
29
102709
POPULAR CULTURE
• Transmitted by media such as books & TV
• Constantly changing and innovating
• Based on idea of society (specialized roles
and interdependence, impersonal
coordination)
• Flexible and vague social roles
• Not adapted to any particular environment
Not a popular culture landscape
Popular culture is “culture of consumption”
The Strip (example of placelessness)
when you get to Finland will it look even
more familiar than this?
You are what you consume!
Aside from income and the need/desire to be “fashionable,” what
else differs between the light and dark regions on this map?
Religious Desecration
• What was the problem
with the beauty pageant?
• The Buddhist Temple of
Dawn is in the
background
• Photographing of Miss
Universe contestants in
front of this sacred place
was seen as a desecration
of the site and a sign of
disrespect to Buddhism
Don’t
forget
sports!
which seems
closer to folk
culture:
participatory or
spectator
sports?
Popular or folk culture?
•
•
•
•
•
it’s always a matter of degree
a point on the continuum
popular culture challenges folk culture
popular culture undermines folk culture
popular culture appropriates elements of
folk culture
• popular culture markets elements of folk
culture