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Section 4: The Rise & Fall of Chinese Empires I. The Qin (Chin) Dynasty (221-206 B.C.) (p. 99) _______________________________________ (CHIN-SHUR-HWONG-DEE)—“First Qin Emperor) at 13 yrs. old A. Changes under the Qin Dynasty 1. _______________________ was adopted as the regime’s (the gov’t in power) policy a. if opposed it, __________________________________________ b. ___________________________ books (censorship) against it 2. Highly centralized state (unlike ________________________) a. _____________________________ division b. _____________________________ division c. censorate: 3. Provinces & counties a. official appointed/dismissed by _____________________________ b. watched by censors & may be _______________________________ 4. unified Chinese world a. single _____________________________ system b. system of __________________________________ c. capital _____________________________ (SYEN-YONG)—present day Xian 5. Extended the _________________________ border of China B. The Great Wall 1. In the Gobi Desert (N) lived _______________________________ (SYEN-NOO) a. a ______________________________ group b. fought on _____________________________ c. Chinese started to build ________ to protect themselves from invasions/attacks 2. Strengthened existing system of walls a. added loose stone, sand, piled rubble b. these walls really don’t ___________________ today c. the “Wall ________________________ Li (li=1/3 mi.) 3. Massive project a. thousands of _____________________________ b. many died & might be buried ____________________________________?? C. The Fall of the Qin Dynasty 1. ______________________________ died in 210 B.C. 2. his dynasty was overthrown _______________ years later 3. fall of Qin dynasty was followed by a ________________ war II. The Han Dynasty (202 B.C.-220 A.D.) Liu Bang (LYOH-BONG) “__________________________________________” A. Political Structure 1. use _______________________________________ (not Legalism like Qin) 2. highly _____________________ government like Qin (divided into same three areas) 3. same officials in charge of (divisions)_______________________________________ 4. choose leaders on ________________________, not birth 5. civil service _______________________ & a school to train them a. Confucianism b. _________________________ c. law 6. increase population (from _______________ million to _________________million) 7. Increased need for large & efficient _________________________________ B. Expansion of Empire 1. _____________________________ (HAHN-WOO-DEE) a. “Martial Emperor of Han” b. added southern regions to coast of S. China Sea (now ____________________) c. went ________________________ d. died in ___________________ B.C. e. ____________________ years more of peace C. Society in Han Empire 1. great ______________________ except for free peasants 2. Land was held by the powerful ___________________________ D. Technology in the Han Empire 1. _______________________ manufacturing 2. water mills for __________________________________ 3. Iron casting to make ______________________________ 4. paper (p. 102) 5. others (p. 102) a. _____________________ compass b. __________________________ c. gunpowder 6. Rudder & fore-and-aft rigging a. could sail into wind & Indian Ocean for greater _________________________ E. The Fall of the Han Empire 1. ___________________ rulers allowed the power of the central government to decline 2. corruption 3. nomadic _______________________ to the north 4. wars a. in 190 A.D.—moved capital to _____________________ (LWO-Yong) 5. civil war III. Culture in Qin & Han Dynasties A. Confucian classics B. _____________________ army (p. 103) 1. re-creation of Qin Shihuangdi’s ___________________________ guard 2. dressed in ________________________ 3. 6,000+ in first pit of the ____________pits discovered 4. also horses, wooden chariots & ________________________ bronze weapons 5. slightly larger than ______________________ soldiers 6. painted with brilliant colors & very ________________________________