Download Heat and Energy Test Study Guide 2015 Answers

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Energy Study Guide
1. A ball is dropped from 50 cm and 100 cm. Where does it possess more gravitational
potential energy? _100 cm (because it has a greater position).
A pitcher throws a ball as shown in the diagram below:
2. Label which has the MOST Kinetic energy and which has the LEAST kinetic energy in
the picture:
3. After an energy conversion, you end up with the same total amount of energy as the
original amount of potential energy. What law explains this rule?
The Law of Conservation of Energy
4. Any time an energy conversion takes place, some of the original energy is converted
into thermal energy due to friction.
5. The energy of motion is kinetic energy.
6. Which of the following is true of a closed system?
The total amount of energy will stay the same.
7. When you eat fruits and vegetables, which type of energy are you taking in?
Chemical Energy
8. What is a transformation from light energy to chemical energy?
Growing an apple tree
9. The energy of motion kinetic energy.
10. The ability to do work energy.
11. The energy an object has because of its position potential energy.
12. The average kinetic energy due to the random motion of the particles that make up
an object is temperature.
13. The energy of moving electrons electrical energy.
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14. What converts kinetic energy into electrical energy?
An electric generator
15. Describe how thermal energy is transferred when someone holds a piece of ice in
their hand: The heat moves from the hand to the ice cube because the hand has more
heat than the ice cube and heat moves from hot to cold.
16-19 match the energy transformation to the example to the right:
16. Chemical energy  Light energy C
17. Chemical energy  Mechanical energy A
18. Nuclear energy  Light energy B
a.
b.
c.
d.
Food to muscle movement
Fusion on the sun
Glow sticks
Photosynthesis
19. Light energy  Chemical energy D
20.
The flashlight above uses three different forms of energy. Fill in the missing energy
Chemical → Electrical Energy → Electromagnetic
21.During a house fire, the smoke and flames rise up, but the air down near the floor is
cooler and less smoky. This is an example of
Convection.
22.How do electromagnetic waves emitted by the sun heat Earth?
Radiation.
23.The transfer of thermal energy through a substance by direct contact is called
Conduction.
24.What happens if two objects come in contact with each other and one object is at a
higher temperature than the other?
The heat will move from the hotter object to the cooler object.
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25. In most home heating systems, the thermal energy from the heat source circulates
through the air of a room by convection.
26. The glass of a window pane feels cooler to the touch than the wood frame
surrounding the glass. This is because Wood is a better insulator than glass.
27. Thermal energy that flows between an object at a higher temperature to an object at
a lower temperature heat.
28. The transfer of energy between particles of matter or through empty space by
electromagnetic waves radiation.
29. The transfer of energy by the circulation of a liquid or gas convection.
30. When a metal spoon with a temperature of 20oC is placed into a cup of water with a
temperature of 90oC the spoon will heat up.
This is an example of conduction.
31. A thermos bottle keeps warm liquids warm and cold
liquids cold. A thermos bottle must be made from a
good heat _insulating material.
32. Two jars are placed inside an insulated box (together). One contains hot soup and the
other contains ice water. What will happen to the two liquids?
The liquids will both reach room temperature: the hot liquid will cool to the
temperature of box and the ice water will melt and warm until it reaches the
temperature of the box.
33. Four different-colored blocks are placed outside in bright sunlight. The blocks are
identical except for color. The diagram below shows the amount of light reflected
from each block. Circle the block with the highest temperature:
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34. Materials through which heat canNOT flow easily are called insulators.
35. A teacher put one test tube of 50°C liquid and one test tube of 10°C liquid into a 20°C
water bath, as shown in the diagram below. Using arrows, label the direction of the
heat for each test tube:
Define and know the definitions to the following: thermal energy, kinetic energy, potential
energy, chemical energy, light (radiant, electromagnetic) energy, sound energy, nuclear
energy, mechanical energy, temperature, heat, electrical energy, elastic potential energy,
energy, radiation, conduction, convection
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