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Food and Chemistry Objectives Describe chemical properties. Name 3 most important elements to life. Explain how covalent, hydrogen, and ionic bonds are formed. Define a molecule. Identify symbols for hydroxyl, amino, ammonia, methyl, and carboxyl. Discussion oxidation-reduction reactions. Describe the two divisions of metabolism. Elements The atom is the __________ unit of an element that still exhibits the properties of that element. Atoms consist of: Nucleus ___________ ____________ Electrons Atomic Number The atomic number of an atom is the total number of ________________. The atomic weight of an atom is the total number of protons plus ______________. Chemical properties of an element are determined by the number of electrons in the _____________ energy level of an atom. Periodic Table of the Elements Chemical Bonds Covalent bonds Hydrogen bonds Ionic bonds Van der Waals bonds Ionic and Van Der Waals Van Der Waals Bonds cont… Bonds cont… Molecules Molecules are the ________________ identifiable unit into which a pure substance can be divided and still retain the composition and chemical properties of that _______________. Oxidation-Reduction Oxidation can be defined very simply as the ____________ of oxygen. Reduction can be defined as the ____________________ of oxygen _____________________________________ Process of ____________________________ Life processes that produce or use ________________________ Metabolism Metabolism refers to all the _____________ reactions that occur in a living system. ____________________, or reactions involving the synthesis of compounds. ____________________, or reactions involving the breakdown of compounds. Organic Chemistry Chemical Symbols of Representations Symbol Represents C _________________ atom ____________ Hydrogen atom N _________________ atom O Oxygen atom ____________ Hydroxyl (alcohol) NH3 Ammonia NH2 ________________________ ____________ Methyl group COOH Carboxyl (acid) Organic Chemistry _________________-containing molecules All carbon atoms have ___________ bonds Each carbon can connect to: Another carbon A hydroxy An ______________________ group An _____________________ (double bond) Common Hydroxy Acids Reduction - Oxidation