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Section 1.1 • Identify hardware • Describe processing components • Compare and contrast input and output devices • Compare and contrast storage devices Section 1.2 • Identify and describe operating system software • Identify and describe application software • Summarize cross-platform issues Section 1.3 • Identify types of networks • Examine types of network connections • Identify network hardware and software Section 1.4 • Use a template • Save a Web site • Apply a theme • Format text • Insert a graphic Computer Hardware 1.1 Guide 4 elements of Computer Systems are: • Users • ___________ • ___________ • Data 4 basic categories of computer HARDWARE: • Processing components • ___________ • ___________ • Storage Key Terms • hardware • software • central processing unit (CPU) • random-access memory (RAM) • keyboard • mouse • monitor • printer 1.1 Computer Hardware Computers and the Computer System A computer system consists of four ELEMENTS: ___________ is the physical components of the computer. • A user • Hardware • Software • Data ____________ is the set of instructions that tells the computer what to do. 1.1 Computer Hardware Input Devices Different kinds of devices allow you to enter _____, commands, _____, or audio into your computer. • Keyboards and Pointing Devices (like a mouse) • Graphic and Video Devices •Scanner / digital camera • Audio Devices • ________ _________ is an input device that lets you enter text into the computer. _______ is the most common pointing device used to enter commands into the computer. 1.1 Computer Hardware Output Devices Output devices let users examine the _______ of _________ data. • Monitors CRT LCD • Printers • Speakers monitor The part of the computer that shows the output in a quick, viewable form; also known as a display screen. printer A hardware device that produces hard copy, or output that is ___________. 1.1 Computer Hardware Storage Devices There are several different types of ___________ devices available. • Hard Drives • Removable Storage Devices External Hard Drives Zip Disks Optical Disks Flash Memory Tape Backups 1.2 Storage… 1GB then and now! What will it look like in another 20 years??? Computer memory: Computer memory is measured in unit sizes based on binary numbers since everything in the computer is represented by a switch which has only two states; On = 1 or Off = 0 Computer memory: Computer memory is measured in bit = one switch which is either on or off (a one or a zero) _____ sizes based on binaryrequired numbers _____ _____. byte = 8 bits (amount of memory to holdand just one character) KB = kilobyte (K) switch approx. 1,000 bytes, exactly 1,024 bit = one which is either on or off (a one or abytes zero) (210) MB = megabyte approx. 1,000,000 bytes, exactly byte = 8 (meg) bits (amount of memory required to hold just one 1,048,576 bytes (220) ____________) GB = gigabyte (gig) approx. KB = ___________ 1,000,000,000 (K) approx. 1,000bytes-1,073,741,824 bytes, exactly bytes (230) 1,024 bytes TB = terabyte approx. 1,000,000,000,000 bytes MBis=approx. ___________ approx. 1,000,000 bytes, A petabyte is 1000 (meg) terabytes exactly 1,048,576 bytes A exabyte is approx. 1000 petabytes GB = ____________ (gig) approx. 1,000,000,000 bytes1,073,741,824 bytes TB = ___________ approx. 1,000,000,000,000 bytes A petabyte is is approx. 1000 terabytes A exabyte is approx. 1000 petabytes 1.2 COMPUTER SOFTWARE Guide Main Ideas Key Terms __________ system (OS) software allows users to give instructions to the computer and to _______ applications. ________ input/output system (BIOS) operating system (OS) graphical user interface (GUI) application software multitasking _____________ are software packages that help users perform specific tasks. 1.2 Computer Software Operating System Software The basic input/output system (BIOS) activates the operating system. basic input/output system (BIOS) Small program that performs basic startup activities, such as activating the computer’s operating system. The OS is divided into four major categories: operating system (OS) Software that specifies how the computer receives and processes input; acts as an ___________ between a user and the computer hardware. 1. Task management 2. Memory management 3. Input and output management 4. Graphic user interface graphical user interface (GUI) Type of interface that allows users to interact with software by selecting words, symbols, or __________ from a desktop. 1.2 Computer Software Operating System Software Here are examples of a Windows and a Mac OS. 1.2 Computer Software Application Software Most of the time when you use a computer, you are using ______________ software. Today’s operating systems are capable of multitasking. This allows you to work with _______ _____ _____ application or document at a time. application software Computer programs that allow users to perform a specific task on the computer; also referred to as applications. multitasking Working with more than one application or document at a time. 1.2 Computer Software Cross-Platform Issues Your computer’s hardware, operating system, and application programs must all work _______ in order for your computer to function _______. 1.3 NETWORKS Guide Main Ideas Networks allow computers to ______ information, messages, and software. Dial-up, broadband, and wireless are three types of _________ connections. Key Terms • network • local area network (LAN) • wide area network (WAN) • server • client • network interface card (NIC) • modem 1.3 Networks Types of Networks A network can connect two computers in a home or millions of computers around the world, as in the case of the Internet. Networks can be divided into two basic categories: • local area networks • wide area networks network A system in which communication lines or wireless connections are used to _______ computers together. local area network (LAN) Type of network that connects computers in a ________ location, such as a single department within a company. wide area network (WAN) Network that ________ computers across a wide geographical area, such as a region of the United States. 1.3 Networks Types of Connections • Dial-up Connections •Broadband Connections Cable DSL (Digital Subscriber Line) ISDN, T1, T3 Lines • Wireless Connections 1.3 Networks Network Hardware For a network to function properly, all the hardware components must be compatible. • Client/Server Networks • Network Interface Cards • Modems • Routers server A powerful _______ _________ that manages files and services for a network. client In a network, the ___________ computers that are part of that network. network interface card (NIC) Provides the place to ____ the network cable into the computer, and it creates and sends the signal from one network component to another. modem Hardware device that ________ a computer to send and receive signals through telephone wires or cable. 1.3 Networks Network Hardware In a client/server network, the server responds to the __________ of client computers. 1.3 Networks Network Software Networks are controlled by a specific group of software called a _______ __________ system, or NOS. The NOS is responsible for managing network resources, ____________ who can access different network components, and keeping the network running smoothly.