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Name___________________________________________________Core__________ Mouse Genetics (One Trait) www.explorelearning.com Observing Patterns of Inheritance In this activity, you will experiment with different combinations of mouse parents to see how fur color is passed to their offspring. Drag a black mouse over the Parent 1 label in the purple breeding cage at the top of the tree diagram. Then, drag a second black mouse over the Parent 2 label. These mice will be the parents in your first experiment. 1. What color offspring do you expect to result from these parents? ____________ 2. Click Breed and observe the offspring. Was your hypothesis correct? __________ 3. Click Breed several more times to generate additional litters from the same parents. Did all of the offspring have the same fur color? _______________ 4. Click Clear, and then drag two white mice to the breeding cage. Click Breed several times to generate litters from the white-fur parents. What pattern did you observe in the offspring? ____________________________________________ 5. Click Clear, and then drag a white mouse and a black mouse into the breeding cage. With a black-fur and a white-fur parent, what do you think are the possible colors for the offspring? _______________________________________ 6. Click Breed. What did the offspring look like? __________________________ 7. Click Breed several more times to confirm your results. Were any of the offspring different? ________________________________ 8. Drag all offspring mice into the Holding Cages at the bottom of the Gizmo. Drag two mice from the Holding Cages to the breeding cage. Click Breed. 9. What do the offspring look like? ___________________________________ 10. Return the two parent mice to the holding cages. Click Clear. Repeat two more times using different mice from the holding cages. How are the offspring from these two parents different from the offspring when you bred two “pure” black mice (Question 2)? _______________________________________________ 11. Why do you think this happens? ____________________________________ Predicting Genetic Crosses In this activity, you will learn how genes are passed down from parents to their offspring. Turn on Show genotype. In general, every type of gene has two versions, called alleles. In this example, the allele for black fur is F and the allele for white fur is f. The genotype is the Name___________________________________________________Core__________ combination of alleles that an organism has. The phenotype is what the organism looks like. For example, a mouse with the genotype FF will have the phenotype black fur. 1. Drag a pure black mouse and a pure white mouse into the breeding cage. Move the cursor over the black mouse. What is the genotype of a pure black mouse? _______ 2. Cursor over the white mouse. What is the genotype of a pure white mouse? ______ 3. Click Breed. Which allele do you think is dominant? _______ Recessive? ______ 4. Explain your reasoning. ______________________________________________ 5. Move the cursor over one of the offspring to view its genotype. What allele did this mouse inherit from its black-fur parent? ____ From its white-fur parent? _______ 6. What is the phenotype of the mouse? _________________________ 7. Are the offspring of this pair heterozygous or homozygous? ___________________ 8. What color are the heterozygous mice? ______________________________ 9. Drag two of the offspring into the Holding Cages and click Clear. Then, drag the two mice from the Holding Cages into the breeding cage. Move the cursor over the first parent and observe its genotype. 10. What alleles could this parent pass on to its offspring? ________________________ 11. Move the cursor over the second parent and observe. What alleles could this parent pass on? _____________ 12. Fill in the remainder of the Punnett Square. 13. Look at the four offspring genotypes in your Punnett Square. According to this, what percentage of the offspring should be white? ____ black?____ (Remember that FF and Ff are both genotypes for black fur.) 14. Select Show statistics and click Breed. Keep clicking Breed until you have 100 offspring. How do the numbers of black and white offspring compare to your predicted percentages? ___________________________ 15. When you are finished, drag a heterozygous mouse back into a Holding Cage and click Clear. Drag a pure white mouse and the heterozygous mouse from the Holding Cage into the breeding cage. Create a Punnett Square for a heterozygous black parent (Ff) and a homozygous white parent (ff). 16. Based on your Punnett Square, what are the predicted percentages of Put Your Punnett black ________and white offspring? ______________ Square Here. 17. Click Breed until you have generated 100 offspring. How close were your results to the predicted percentages? ___________