Download Gerunds - jennifermlouis

Day 55 –
R&J Act II prologue,
Gerunds, and Thesis
statement for research
paper.
1.
Objectives
Discuss the research paper and Thesis statement expectations.
2. Demonstrate a mastery of Romeo and Juliet Act II .
3. Identify Verbals and Analyze sentences for their effect
Homework:
• Elevated Thesis due Monday
*come to morning/afternoon tutoring for help
• Romeo and Juliet Quiz Act I – Tomorrow+
R+J study guide due Before quiz
• Close reading 4 Poetry due Friday
Quote Analysis warm upWrite a 2 sentence analysis of
each quote
• “But woo her, gentle Paris, get her heart.
My will to her consent is but a part.“
• "Compare her face to some that I will show
And I will make thee think thy swan a crow.
Social Justice Research Paper
During your research process, you should be thinking about
what you want your thesis statement to say.
That is the point of researching, after all.
•
You need to learn about your topic so that you can then inform your reader
about it.
A thesis statement states the overall
main idea. In an essay, it's good to make
the thesis statement the last sentence of
the first paragraph
--i. e. the first paragraph is the introduction, with the first
few sentences catching the reader's attention and
leading up to the thesis.
• Remember, the first point of your thesis will
identify the social justice issue, so as you read
articles about your topic, consider how the facts
you are learning could become thesis points.
• You will do the same as you research the person,
group, or organization currently working to
address the issue.
• The following sample thesis statements illustrate how this process might evolve.
Example of a Simple Thesis
____________________________ is a social injustice, and
______________________ works to address this issue.
The lack of clean drinking water is a social injustice, and
WaterAid works to address this issue.
*Complete
your simple thesis statement now.
Example of an Elevated Thesis
• The lack of clean drinking water is a social injustice because
_____________________________, and WaterAid works to address this issue by
_______________________________.
• The lack of clean drinking water is a social injustice because it gravely
impacts the health of individuals who drink contaminated water, and
WaterAid works to address this issue by building wells in areas where clean
water is not available.
Your elevated thesis is due on Monday
• Once you have a thesis formulated, the next task is
to organize and use the information you found
during the research process to support your thesis
points.
GRAMMAR TIME!
Review:
The participial phrase is always used as an adjective
phrase to modify a noun or pronoun.
It includes the participle together with its modifiers, objects, or predicate words.
The present participle form always ends in -ing, but the endings for past perfect and
passive perfect participles may vary.
ex. Walking rapidly, we reached the town in fifteen minutes.
Annoyed by the noise, the teacher spoke sharply to the class.
Tom, having won the chess game, looked up happily.
Having won every game but one, Ohio State now led the Big Ten.
Verbals- What Are They, Even?
• A verbal is a noun or an adjective
formed from a verb.
• There are three kinds of verbals:
1. gerunds
2. participles
3. infinitives.
Take Notes!
• You should be taking notes as I discuss gerunds.
• Copy the main points and examples.
Gerunds
A gerund is a verb form used as a noun.
The gerund can be formed by adding –ing to the
present tense of the verb:
Jog
jogging
Jogging at night without reflective gear can be dangerous.
Nouns can be:
–Subjects
–Direct objects
–Objects of the prepositions
–Predicate nominatives
Gerunds… say what?
• A gerund is a verbal that ends in –ing
and functions as a noun.
• Gerunds can be used as a subject,
direct object, predicate nominative,
and object of preposition because it
functions as a noun.
Gerunds as a Subject
• Traveling might satisfy your
desire for new experiences.
• In this sentence we see that
traveling is the subject of
satisfy.
Gerund as a Direct Object
• They appreciate my singing.
• Singing is used as a direct
object because it answers the
question of the verb (what are
they appreciating? Singing)
GERUNDS are
super! Without
them, verbs
couldn’t be nouns!
Gerunds as a Predicate
Nominative
• My mom’s favorite activity is
running.
• Running is explaining the subject in
this sentence (what activity?
Running.)
Gerunds as an Object of
Preposition
• The police arrested him for
speeding.
• Speeding is the object of for
in this example because it is
explaining the prepostion (for
what? For speeding.)
Gerunds
can be used as:
A subject:
Jogging is a popular form of exercise.
A direct object:
My sister enjoys jogging.
Enjoys what? jogging
An object of the preposition:
These shoes are made for jogging.
A Predicate Nominative
My favorite hobby is jogging.
Gerund Phrases
• Like participles, gerunds can have a direct object.
• Example:
Giving the money proved a mistake.
• Giving + What? = money
Money is the direct object of the gerund.
Gerund Phrases
• Gerund phrases can also have indirect objects:
• Giving Jerry the money proved a mistake.
Giving + what = money (direct object)
Giving money to/for whom? = Jerry
Jerry is the indirect object of the gerund phrase.
Gerund Phrases
• Gerund phrases can also have prepositional
phrases in them:
• Giving Jerry the money on Friday night proved
a major mistake.
Summary
Gerunds always end with –ing
Gerunds are always nouns
Gerunds can be
– Subjects
– Direct objects
– Indirect objects
– Objects of the prepositions
– Predicate nominatives
Note
Ask the key questions:
– What + the verb = subject
– Subject + verb + what = Direct object
– Subject + linking verb + what = Predicate nominative
– Subject + verb + direct object + to/for what = indirect object
– Preposition + gerund = object of the preposition
Computer Time!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
• Get a computer
• Log into your google account.
• Find my wiki and download the
Gerund change the color worksheet.
• Share it with me ONLY when you are finished
[email protected]
• Complete the worksheet + ask questions when needed
R&J Act II -Prologue
• We will read R & J Act II
Prologue.
• How does it affect the
meaning of the work?
• Download the Act II
translation worksheet.
• Share with me after it is
completed.
Original Text
CHORUS
Now old desire doth in his deathbed lie,
And young affection gapes to be his heir.
That fair for which love groaned for and would die
With tender Juliet matched, is now not fair.
Now Romeo is beloved and loves again,
Alike bewitchèd by the charm of looks,
But to his foe supposed he must complain,
And she steal love’s sweet bait from fearful hooks.
Being held a foe, he may not have access
To breathe such vows as lovers use to swear.
And she as much in love, her means much less
To meet her new beloved anywhere.
But passion lends them power, time means, to
meet,
Tempering extremities with extreme sweet.
Modern Text
CHORUS
Now Romeo’s old feelings of desire are dying, and a
new desire is eager to take their place. Romeo
groaned for the beautiful Rosaline and said he would
die for her, but compared with tender Juliet, Rosaline
doesn’t seem beautiful now. Now someone loves
Romeo, and he’s in love again—both of them falling
for each others' good looks. But he has to make his
speeches of love to a woman who’s supposed to be
his enemy. And she’s been hooked by someone she
should fear. Because he’s an enemy, Romeo has no
chance to see Juliet and say the things a lover
normally says. And Juliet’s just as much in love as he,
but she has even less opportunity to meet her lover.
But love gives them power, and time gives them the
chance to meet, sweetening the extreme danger
with intense pleasure.
And she steals love’s sweet bait from fearful hooks.’ Discuss the effectiveness of this metaphor.
Juliet is compared to a fish and Romeo to the ‘sweet bait’ on a hook. Just as a fish risks being caught and
killed, so is the relationship that she is forming with Romeo a dangerous one. She wants him desperately but
there is a huge risk involved because of the deep hatred between the families, not to mention the fact
that the Prince has warned both families that any further disturbance of the peace would result with those
involved ‘lives [paying the] forfeit’.
1. What young affection does the prologue of Act 2 refer to?
Romeo and Juliet's new love for each other.
2. Why must Romeo and Juliet must "steal" their love?
They cannot reveal it to either family.
3. Why is Romeo no longer interested in Rosaline in Act 2?
He is now in love with Juliet.
4. According to the Prologue of Act 2, what lends the couple power?
Passion.
5. The prologue of Act 2 reveals that despite difficulty, __________________.
The lovers will still have a chance to meet and be together.
Closure 3, 2, 1
Write three things you learned about gerunds
today.
Write two examples of gerunds.
Write one question you still have about Romeo
and Juliet .