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MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY AND ABBREVIATIONS TERM MEANING Spinal cavity The cavity that contains the spinal cord Trachea The wind pipe that extends from the throat to the lungs Oesophagus The portion of the digestive canal between the pharynx and the stomach. Approximately 25cm long Pharynx The cavity behind the nose and mouth, connecting them to the oesophagus Thyroid gland A two-lobed endocrine gland, located at eh base of the neck that secretes two hormones that regulate the rates of metabolism, growth and development Parathyroid glands Any of usually four small kidney-shaped glands that lie in pairs near or within the posterior surface of the thyroid gland and secrete a hormone necessary for the metabolism of calcium and phosphorus Hyoid bone A U-shaped bone at eh base of the tongue that supports the muscles of the tongue Cartilage Is a flexible connective tissue found in many parts of the body. It can bend a bit, but resists stretching. It main function is to connect bones together Thyroid cartilage The largest of the cartilages of the larynx (the voice box) Cricoid cartilage Ring shaped cartilage at the lower end of the trachea Parotid glands The largest of the three major salivary glands, it is located in front and below the ear and behind the jaw bone. External Carotid Arteries Are the outer branch of the carotid artery that supplies the face, tongue and external parts of the head Chyme A semi fluid mass of partly digested food expelled by the stomach into the duodenum Duodenum The first section, the anus through which faecal waste is of the small intestine Cytokines A small protein released by cells that effect communication between cells or behaviour of cells Plasma A clear fluid that contains water for hydration and nutrition for the cells of the body Superior Upper or above e.g. the lungs are superior to the diaphragm Inferior Lower of below e.g. the diaphragm is inferior to the lungs Anterior (Ventral) At or towards the front of the body; includes the face, chest and abdomen Posterior (Dorsal) At or towards the back of the body or body part; e.g. includes the back and buttocks Medial Towards the midline of the body – an imaginary line drawn down the centre of the body is referred to as the median sagittal plane Lateral Relating to or located at the side of the body or body part; e.g. the arms are lateral to the trunk Superficial On or near the body surface; e.g. the skin is superficial to the body’s internal organs Deep Inward or away from the body surface; e.g. the stomach is a deep organ External Pertaining to the outside or outer; e.g. the epidermis is the external layer of the skin Terminology Healthy body systems Version 1 Owner: Community Health Hospitality and Service Skills Faculty (CHHASS) Disclaimer: Printed copies of this document are regarded as uncontrolled. Page 1 of 3 Date Created: Feb/2016 Internal Pertaining to the inside or inner; e.g. the proximal interphalangeal joints are those closest to the hand Distal Farthest from the centre of mid-line of the body, or farthest away from any point of reference; e.g. the distal phalanges are those at the ends of the fingers Phalanges The bones of the fingers or toes abdo abdomen hrs hours Ht height lab laboratory Neg Negative obs observation Wt Weight BD mane TDS nocte QID stat PRN BGL BP TPR BO BNO BKA CCF CVA CXR FBC NFR GIT IDC SPC MS NAD NBM PAC ROM UA UTI MSU Twice daily morning Three times a day Night time Four times a day immediately When needed ( as required) Blood glucose level Blood pressure Temperature, pulse, respiration Bowels opened Bowels not opened Below knee amputation Congestive cardiac failure Cerebral vascular accident Chest X-ray Fluid balance chart Not for resuscitation Gastrointestinal tract Indwelling catheter Supra pubic catheter Multiple sclerosis Nil abnormalities detected Nil by mouth Pressure area care Range of movement Urinalysis Urinary tract infection Mid-stream urine Terminology Healthy body systems Version 1 Owner: Community Health Hospitality and Service Skills Faculty (CHHASS) Disclaimer: Printed copies of this document are regarded as uncontrolled. Page 2 of 3 Date Created: Feb/2016