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Storm A storm is a violent disturbance in the atmosphere. Two atmospheric conditions are required to produce thunderstorms: 1. The air near Earth's surface must be warm and moist. 2. The atmosphere must be unstable. Forms: High winds, hail, flash floods, and tornadoes. A typical thunderstorm produces enough electricity to provide power to the entire United States for 20 minutes. Thunderstorms 1. Heavy rainstorms with thunder and lightning 2. Warm, humid air rises rapidly 3. Forms cumulonimbus clouds • Severe thunderstorms can produce one or more of the following conditions: – – – – high winds hail flash floods tornadoes. • Lightning 1. an electrical discharge 2. releases energy 3. sends out sound waves • Thunder 1. the sound of air expanding suddenly and explosively. Hail • Balls of ice formed in a thunderstorm. • Safety: get out of your car and get inside of a building. Stay away from windows. Hail Formation • hail formation Thunderstorm safety • Do not touch metal objects • Find a low area away from fences, trees and poles • Crouch down with your head down and your hands on your knees. • Stay away from water • Do not touch telephones, appliances, or faucets. • Staying in a car is ok if you don’t touch any metal in the car. Tornadoes Tornadoes have the most powerful winds on earth! Tornados • Tornado = a fast turning, funnel-shaped cloud that reaches down from a cumulonimbus cloud to touch the Earth. • A tornado watch : Tornados are possible in your area • A tornado warning : A tornado has been seen. Tornados Tornado Safety • Go to a basement of a strong building or the middle of the ground floor. • Stay away from windows and doors. • Lie under a strong piece of furniture. • If you are outdoors in a car or mobile home, move to a building or lie flat in a ditch. Hurricanes • Form over warm ocean water near the equator. • The warm, moist air evaporates and condenses and forms clouds in circular bands. A tropical cyclone forms so many cumulonimbus clouds that they arrange in circular bands Hurricanes • The storm surge is the most dangerous threat to life and property. • Low air pressure causes the water to rise and pile up. • http://www.usatoday.c om/graphics/weather/g ra/gsurge/flash.htm • What is the eye? • When is hurricane season? • Animation of Hurricane Katrina • http://spaceplace.nasa.gov/hurricanes/#/revi ew/hurricanes/hurricane-katrina.mp4 Hurricanes • A hurricane is a tropical storm that has winds of 119 kilometers per hour or higher. • A hurricane watch :A hurricane is possible in the next 36 hours • A hurricane warning :A hurricane is expected in the next 24 hours. Hurricane Safety • If you are told to evacuate, leave right away. • If you can’t, then move to the inside of the building and stay away from doors and windows. Winter storms • Heavy snow falls can block roads, trapping people in their homes and can cause pipes to burst. Winter Storm Safety • If you are caught in a snow storm, try to find shelter from the wind. • Cover the exposed parts of your body and stay dry. • You can stay in a running car only if the exhaust pipe is free of snow. Winter Storm Safety • Frostbite happens when parts of the body freeze. Symptoms: loss of feeling and a white look to the area. If you think you have frostbite, slowly re-warm the area and get help. • Hypothermia is when body temperature falls below normal. Symptoms: shivering, disorientation, slurred speech, and sleepiness. If someone shows symptoms of hypothermia, get them to a doctor right away. Drought • A drought is a water shortage caused by long periods of low precipitation in a particular area. • Drought can cause entire crops to fail. This leads to higher food prices. Sandstorms • Sandstorms can be formed when small, light dust is blown in to the air lifted by strong winds. • Safety; Tie down anything that is loose and get indoors.