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9/27/2008 Acknowledgement Here are some flash cards all set up in a "pdf" format for you! Thanks to Laura H. (spring 08) for her donation to all my anatomy students! Here is her suggestion for making flashcards from them: “You print out 2 to 11, (there are 2 slides per page). Then you flip the stack and put them back in the printer and print 12 to 21 and they should come out front and back. Then you cut them out. Kinko’s has fast paper cutters one can use. It helps if you use card stock.” Good luck! lab 11 lab 11 1 9/27/2008 1. 1. coccyx lab 11 2. Ilium (landmarks) lab 11 2 9/27/2008 3. Anterior inferior iliac spine lab 11 4. Anterior superior iliac spine lab 11 3 9/27/2008 5. Auricular surface lab 11 6. Greater sciatic notch lab 11 4 9/27/2008 7.iliac crest lab 11 8. Iliac fossa lab 11 5 9/27/2008 9. Iliac tubercle lab 11 10. Posterior inf iliac spine lab 11 6 9/27/2008 11. Posterior superior iliac spine lab 11 12. Ischial spine lab 11 7 9/27/2008 13. Ischial tuberosity lab 11 14. Lesser sciatic notch lab 11 8 9/27/2008 15. Os coxae The os coxa is also known as the pelvic bone or innominate bone. It is actually three fused bones: the pubis, ilium, and ischium. At birth they are still three bones joined by cartilage and they fuse when the individual is about 16 to 18 years old. The pleural is os coxae. The ilium is the superior most of the three, the pubis is the most anterior, and the ischium is the most inferior. lab 11 16. acetabulum When we were in nursery school we called the acetabulum the hip joint. It is on the lateral side of the os coxa. The ilium, ischium, and pubis all form part of the acetabulum. This is a ball and socket joint where the head of the femur articulates with the acetabulum. It allows for flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and rotation. The name translates to mean "a vinegar cup". I am not sure who named it that, but we should be looking into what they were smoking at the time! lab 11 9 9/27/2008 17. Iliopectineal line The iliopectineal line divides the false pelvis from the true pelvis. It forms part of the pelvic inlet or pelvic brim. Part of it is on the pubic bone just posterior to the pubic symphysis and part is on the ilium extending posteriorly toward the sacral promontory. It is also called the arcuate line. The iliopectineal line is the insertion for part of the: lab 11 18. Obturator foramen All three of the bones that make up the os coxa contribute to the obturator foramen. Most of that is closed by the obturator membrane, which is a flat membrane made of connective tissue occupying the inferior portion of the foramen. The obturator canal is small, but remains open allowing for communication between the lower limb and the pelvis. The obturator nerve and obturator vessels run through this canal. lab 11 10 9/27/2008 19. Sacroiliac articulation The sacroiliac articulation (joint) is a synovial joint between the sacrum and the ilium. Note that the shape of this articulation is similar to the shape of an ear. It is sometimes called the auricular (auricle means little ear) surface. lab 11 20. pelvic brim The adult male pelvis is on your left. The adult female pelvis is on your right. The pelvic brim or inlet of a prepubescent female and a normal male will be heart shaped. This has led some people to conclude that a male's heart is in his pelvis! The pelvic brim or inlet of a normal postpubescent female is oval, being wider than it is deep. The change comes about due to hormones and it is functionally important because it facilitates birth of children. lab 11 11 9/27/2008 Posterior view 1. Anterior view Lateral view, right side lab 11 2. lab 11 12 9/27/2008 3. Medial view (deep surface), right side Medial view (deep surface), left side The anterior inferior iliac spine is the origin of the: 1. rectus femoris. Medial view (deep surface), right and left respectively origin of the: 1. rectus femoris. lab 11 is the origin for: 1. the tensor fasciae latae Medial view (deep surface), left side 4. Medial view (deep surface), right side lab 11 Medial view (deep surface) , right and left respectively 13 9/27/2008 Medial view (deep surface), left side 5. Medial view (deep surface), right side This is where the sacrum and ilium articulate. Therefore it is the same as the sacroiliac articulation. Medial view (deep surface), right and left respectively lab 11 6. Medial view (deep surface), right side It is also significant because the sciatic, pudendal, posterior femoral cutaneous, superior and inferior gluteal nerves pass through this notch on . its course to the thigh Medial view (deep surface), left side Also, the internal pudendal artery and vein, and the superior and inferior gluteal arteries and veins pass through this foramen. lab 11 Medial view (deep surface), right and left respectively 14 9/27/2008 7. Superior view, right side Lateral view (superficial surface), right side the insertion for: 1. external abdominal oblique is the origin for: 1. gluteus maximus (posterior portion), 2. internal abdominal oblique, 3. latissimus dorsi (posterior portion), 4. quadratus lumborum, lablip), 11 5. tensor fasciae latae (anterior portion of outer 6. transverse abdominis. Superior view, left side 8. Medial view (deep surface), right side Medial view (deep surface), left side is the origin for: 1. iliacus. lab 11 15 9/27/2008 9. Lateral view (superficial surface), left side the origin for: 1. tensor fasciae latae (anterior portion of outer lip). lab 11 10. Medial view (deep surface), right side Medial view (deep surface), left side part of the attachment for the sacrotuberous ligament it prevents the sacrum from rotating and breaking lab 11 away from the os coxae. 16 9/27/2008 11. Medial view (deep surface), right most posterior point of the iliac crest. This is at the level of the spinous process of sacral vertebra 2, and it marks the inferior extent of the subarachnoid space. This also marks the middle of the sacroiliac joint. It is normally two to three fingers' width lateral to the midline. It is of medical significance in that one centimeter inferolateral to this is where a physician would insert a needle to obtain material for a bone marrow biopsy. Such a sample could be used to determine if the person had leukemia side or other blood disorders. This landmark is recognizable as a "dimple" on the posterior side of the pelvis. I have been told by a number of female students that is particularly easily seen on Mel Gibson in a scene from "Lethal Weapon". Wow. Medial view (deep surface), left side lab 11 12. Medial view (deep surface), right side Functionally it of great significance because with the sacrotuberous ligament it prevents the sacrum from rotating and breaking away from the os coxae Medial view (deep surface), left side Medial view (deep surface), right and left respectively lab 11 17 9/27/2008 13. Lateral view (superficial surface), Lateral view (superficial surface), left side right side the origin for: 1. the adductor magnus, 2. the semimembranosus 3. the semitendinosus. lab 11 Medial view (deep surface), The pudendal nerve, internal pudendal vessels, right side and the nerve that serves the obturator internus muscle pass through this foramen to reach the perineum. Also, the tendon of the obturator internus muscle passes through this foramen 14. to reach the gluteal region of the lower limb. Medial view (deep surface), right and left respectively Medial view (deep surface), left side lab 11 18 9/27/2008 15. Lateral view (superficial surface), left side Medial view (deep surface), left side lab 11 Lateral view (superficial surface), right side 16. Lateral view (superficial surface), left and right sides respectively Lateral view (superficial surface), left side lab 11 19 9/27/2008 17. Medial view (deep surface), left os coxa insertion for part of the: 1. internal abdominal oblique. lab 11 Lateral view (superficial surface), left side 18. lab 11 20 9/27/2008 Medial view (deep surface), left os coxa 19. lab 11 The adult male pelvis 20. The adult female pelvis Superior view, posterior side is at the top of the pictures lab 11 21