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What are the reactants and products of
photosynthesis?
– Reactants = water, CO2, and sunlight
– Products = glucose and O2
Fold your
sheet in half.
Cut flaps
on lines
by cutting
the first
layer
only.
Structure and
function of plants
Structure
Functions
Adaptations
Open
your
foldable
and
label it
like this.
Flowers
Structure and Function
Anther: produces pollen
Pollen: haploid male gametes (sex cells)
Stigma & Style: Sticky top of style where pollen lands.
The style transports it to the ovary.
Ovary: Female organ which produces female
gametes.
Adaptation to
Environment
1. Bright colors and
sweet nectar to attract
pollinators.
2. Development of fruit
for seed dispersal.
Leaves
Leaf structure
Greener on top
CO2 gets in
here
Structure
Function
Upper
Epidermis
contains cuticle
prevents water loss
Palisade Layer
Light reactions of
photosynthesis.
Lower
Epidermis
Lets CO2 in and O2 and
water out (stomata)
Function of leaves
• Trap light energy for photosynthesis
• Produce sugar from photosynthesis
• Exchange of gases –
carbon dioxide (in) and oxygen (out)
Structure
Wide
Helps to catch more light
energy
Thin
Helps get carbon dioxide
from bottom to top of
leaf for photosynthesis
Stoma is a small hole
Its size is controlled by 2 guard cells
closed
open
Stoma function is for gas
exchange in the leaf
Guard
cell
oxygen
Provided plant is
photosynthesising
Carbon
dioxide
Adaptations
to
environment
Thick cuticle in dry
climates.
Few
stomata
to prevent
water loss.
Reduced surface
area to prevent
water loss.
(cactus)
Stems
Structure
Xylem
Phloem
Function
vascular tissue
(tubes) that carries
water from the
roots to other parts
of the plant
Vascular tissue
that carries sugar
(food)
Stems
• Stems can be herbaceous like the
bendable stem of a daisy or woody like
the trunk of an oak tree.
Adaptation to the
Environment
Stiff cell walls for trunks and branches.
Dead Xylem becomes the wood on the
inside of tree trunks.
Can be modified to store food.
ex: Tubers (potatoes) and Bulbs
Roots
Structure
Function
Epidermis -protection and absorption
and root cap of water and minerals.
Root hairs -increase surface area for
absorption
Root tips
(apical
meristem)
- tip of root that is growing
into the soil (area of
mitosis).
Wheat seed
Root hairs
Fragile parts of
cells that grow
from the main root
They massively
increase the
surface area for
absorption
Root ‘B’ has had
the hairs damaged -
Adaptation to the
Environment
1. Can be modified to store starch
and sugar. (Carrots, Beets, Turnips)
2. In dry climates root systems can be
extremely long to reach water.