Download Infectious Disease

J #18
•WHAT IS THE MOST IMPORTANT AND
SIMPLE THING THAT YOU CAN DO FOR
YOUR IMMUNITY?
J#19
•WHAT IS ONE INFECTIOUS DISEASE YOU KNOW
ABOUT AND HOW TO PREVENT IT.
TYPES
BACTERIA - FUNGUS - VIRUS – PROTOZOAN- PARASITE
BACTERIA
• BACTERIA IS A ONE-CELLED
ORGANISM THAT IS FOUND
EVERYWHERE.
• BACTERIA LOVES TO LIVE IN WARM,
DARK, AND MOIST PLACES.
• WHERE ON YOUR BODY DO YOU THINK
BACTERIA WOULD LIKE TO LIVE?
BACTERIA
• SOME COMMON DISEASES THAT ARE CAUSED
BY BACTERIA ARE
• STREP THROAT
• TUBERCULOSIS
• SINUS INFECTIONS
• URINARY TRACK INFECTIONS
• LUCKILY WE CAN KILL BACTERIA WITH
ANTIBIOTICS.
• AN ANTIBIOTIC IS A DRUG THAT KILLS OR
SLOWS DOWN THE GROWTH OF BACTERIA.
VIRUS
• VIRUS IS THE SMALLEST DISEASES CAUSING ORGANISM.
• VIRUSES CAUSE DISEASES LIKE
• COMMON COLD
• INFLUENZA
• HEPATITIS
• CHICKEN POX
• MEASLES
• MUMPS
• EBOLA
VIRUS
• UNLIKE BACTERIA, VIRUSES CANNOT
REPRODUCE BY THEMSELVES.
• VIRUSES CAN ONLY ATTACH THEMSELVES
TO OTHER CELLS AND TAKES THEM OVER.
• ONCE THEY TAKE OVER THE CELLS THEY ARE
THEN ABLE TO REPRODUCE AND CREATE
MORE VIRUS CELLS.
VIRUS
• WE CAN NOT KILL VIRUSES LIKE WE CAN KILL
BACTERIA WITH ANTIBIOTICS.
• ALTHOUGH WE DO HAVE VACCINATIONS TO
HELP PREVENT A VIRUS.
• A VACCINE IS A SUBSTANCE THAT IS USED TO
MAKE A PERSON IMMUNE TO A CERTAIN
DISEASE.
VIRUS
• WHEN SOMEONE GETS A VACCINE THEY ARE GIVEN A DEAD OR
WEAKENED VIRUS GERM.
• ONCE THAT VIRUS IS IN THE BODY, THE IMMUNE SYSTEM STARTS TO
FIGHT THE VIRUS BY CREATING ANTIBODIES.
EBOLA
• EBOLA IS SPREAD THROUGH DIRECT CONTACT WITH BLOOD AND BODY
FLUIDS OF A PERSON ALREADY SHOWING SYMPTOMS OF EBOLA. EBOLA IS
NOT SPREAD THROUGH THE AIR, WATER, FOOD, OR MOSQUITOES.
• THE VIRUS IS TRANSMITTED TO PEOPLE FROM WILD ANIMALS AND SPREADS
IN THE HUMAN POPULATION THROUGH HUMAN-TO-HUMAN TRANSMISSION.
EBOLA
FUNGUS
• A FUNGUS RELIES ON OTHER LIVING OR DEAD ORGANISMS TO SURVIVE.
• NEED TO KEEP AREA CLEAN AND DRY. POSSIBLY NEED FUNGAL CREAM.
• THE FOLLOWING ARE EXAMPLES OF FUNGUS
• YEAST
• MOLDS
• MILDEW
• ATHLETES FOOT
• RING WORM
PROTOZOA
• A PROTOZOAN IS A SINGLE-CELLED ORGANISM, MUCH MORE COMPLEX THAN
A BACTERIUM.
• PROTOZOA INFECTIONS USUALLY COME FROM INFECTED WATER OR FOOD.
• NEED SPECIAL MEDICATION
• EXAMPLE OF A PROTOZOAN -WHY SHOULD YOU NEVER EVER DRINK
UNFILTERED LAKE OR RIVER WATER?
• GIARDIA IS AN EXAMPLE OF A PROTOZOA INFECTION.
• MOST PEOPLE GET GIARDIA FROM DRINKING. CONTAMINATED WATER.
• GIARDIA CAUSES SEVER DIARRHEA.
PARASITE
• A PARASITE IS AN ORGANISM THAT LIVES IN A HOST ORGANISM.
• A PARASITE DRAWS NOURISHMENT FROM A HOST EVEN TO THE POINT
OF KILLING THE HOST.
• SOME PARASITES CAN BE VERY LARGE.
• NEED SPECIAL MEDICATION.
• EXAMPLE OF A PARASITE
• TAPEWORMS LIVE IN THE INTESTINES OF ANIMALS AND HUMANS.
• TAPEWORMS CONSUME THE NUTRIENTS THAT IS SUPPOSE TO GO TO THE HOST.
• OVERTIME THE HOST BECOMES MALNOURISHED BECAUSE THE TAPEWORM CONSUMES ALL
NUTRIENTS.
Body
fluids
include
saliva,
mucus,
vomit,
feces,
sweat,
tears,
breast
milk,
urine,
and
semen.
ROUTES OF TRANSMISSION
Direct
Indirect
 Skin-skin
 Herpes type 1
 Mucous-mucous
 Food-borne
 Salmonella
 Water-borne
 Hepatitis A
 STI
 Air-borne
 Across placenta
 Chickenpox
 toxoplasmosis
 Through breast milk
 HIV
 Sneeze-cough
 Influenza
Vector
 A carrier of an infectious agent
Ex. Malaria Parasite carried
by Mosquito
ST
1 LINE OF DEFENSE
Skin
Mucous membranes
Tears
Saliva
Sweat
Stomach acid
ST
BOOSTING 1 LINE OF DEFENSE
Vitamin E
Washing hands
Not sharing drinks or chap stick
Hand sanitizer
ND
2 LINE OF DEFENSE
Phagocytic cells
Fever
Inflammation
Group of tissues
and organs to join
up to fight
(immune system)
ND
BOOSTING 2 LINE OF DEFENSE
Letting a fever go through its course
Vitamin C
B Complex vitamins
RD
3 LINE OF DEFENSE
Specific immune response
White Blood Cells
Lymphocytes- T and B
RD
3 LINE OF DEFENSE
• IMAGINE THAT A VIRUS HAS ENTERED YOUR BODY.
• THE FOLLOWING IS WHAT YOUR BODY WOULD DO TO TRY AND STOP THE VIRUS.
1. CELLS CALLED MACROPHAGES ENGULF THE CELLS THAT HAVE BEEN INFECTED BY
THE VIRUS.
2.
THE MACROPHAGES SIGNAL CELLS CALLED T CELLS AND B CELLS.
RD
3 LINE OF DEFENSE
3.
4.
5.
6.
THE T CELLS HELP IDENTIFY THE GERM. A
THE B CELLS NAME THE GERM. B
THE B CELLS ALSO PRODUCE ANTIBODIES, WHICH ARE
SUBSTANCES THAT DESTROY GERMS. C
THESE ANTIBODIES CAN ONLY KILL THE SPECIFIC GERM THEY
WERE CREATED TO KILL. D
RD
BOOSTING 3 LINE OF DEFENSE
•HEALTHY FOODS
•BALANCED DIET
•WATER
•VITAMINS
•REDUCING STRESS
IMPACT OF ALL DISEASES
• SOCIAL, EMOTIONAL, PHYSICAL, MENTAL