Download BIOS 1300 SI SI Leader: Merrin Jeffries (email:

BIOS 1300 SI
SI Leader: Merrin Jeffries (email: [email protected])
WEEK 12 –WORKSHEET 1
13 NOVEMBER 2014
1. The meninges that is firmly bound to neural tissue and deep to the other meninges is the:
a. pia mater
b. arachnoid mater
c. dura mater
2. The brachial plexus innervates the:
a. neck and shoulder girdle
b. shoulder girdle and arm
c. neck and arm
d. thorax and arm
3. The white matter of the spinal cord contains:
a. cell bodies of neurons and glial cells
b. somatic and visceral sensory nuclei
c. large numbers of myelinated and unmyelinated axons
d. sensory and motor nuclei
4. If cerebrospinal fluid was withdrawn during a spinal tap, a needle would be inserted into the:
a. subdural space
b. subarachnoid space
c. epidural space
5. The C5 nerve is a(n):
a. spinal nerve
b. cranial nerve
c. peripheral nerve
d. interneuron
6. The anterior horns in the gray matter of the spinal cord contain:
a. ascending and descending tracts
b. anterior and posterior columns
c. somatic and visceral sensory nuclei
d. somatic and visceral motor nuclei
7. Which type of neuron is the least abundant in the entire body?
a. sensory neuron
b. motor neurons
c. interneurons
8. The axons in the white matter of the spinal cord that carry motor information leaving the brain are organized into:
a. descending tracts
b. anterior white columns
c. ascending tracts
d. posterior white columns
9. The final step involved in a neural reflex is:
a. the activation of a motor neuron
b. a response by an effector
c. the activation of a sensory neuron
10. A professional skier makes a rapid, automatic adjustment in body position while racing is an example of a (an):
a. innate reflex
b. cranial reflex
c. patellar reflex
d. acquired reflex
11. The cauda equina is a complex contained in the vertebral column that includes:
a. the enlargements of the cervical and thoracic regions of the cord
b. the posterior and anterior median sulci
c. the coccygeal and denticulate ligaments
d. the filum terminale and the ventral and dorsal roots caudal to the conus medullaris
12. Unmyelinated fibers that innervate glands and smooth muscles in the body wall or limbs form the:
a. autonomic ganglion
b. gray ramus
c. white ramus
d. ramus communicans
13. When a sensory neuron synapses directly on a motor neuron, the reflex is called a (an):
a. polysynaptic reflex
b. innate reflex
c. acquired reflex
d. monosynaptic reflex
14. The sciatic nerve is a:
a. spinal nerve
b. cranial nerve
c. peripheral nerve
d. interneuron
15. Spinal nerves are classified as mixed nerves because they contain:
a. both sensory and motor fibers
b. both dorsal and ventral roots
c. white matter and gray matter
d. ascending and descending pathways
16. In the spinal cord the cerebrospinal fluid is found within the:
a. central canal and subarachnoid space
b. subarachnoid space and epidural space
c. central canal and epidural space
d. subdural space and epidural space
17. The white ramus is the branch of a spinal nerve that consists of:
a. myelinated postganglionic axons
b. unmyelinated preganglionic axons
c. unmyelinated postganglionic axons
d. myelinated preganglionic axons
TRU-FALSE
1. True / False : Thoracic spinal nerves have no plexus.
2. True / False : Lateral gray horns are found in the thoracic and cervical spinal segments.
3. True / False : Another term for tracts is fasciculi.
4. True / False : Nuclei in the spinal cord are randomly organized in a chaotic fashion.
FILL-IN
1. The cell bodies of motor neurons are located in the ____________________________________________________ .
2. Stroking an infant’s foot on the side of the sole produces a fanning of the toes known as the ___________________ .
3. The connective partition that separates adjacent bundles of nerve fibers in a peripheral nerve is referred to as the
___________________________________________ .
4. The specific area of the skin innervated by a spinal nerve is called a ________________________________________ .
5. The radial, median, and ulnar nerves originate in the __________________________________________________ .
6. The outermost connective covering of the spinal cord is the _____________________________________________.
7. How many spinal cord segments or spinal nerves are in the cervical region? ________________________________
Matching:
Column A
Column B
_______ 1. Nerve
A. specialized membranes
_______ 2. Dorsal roots
B. outermost later of a peripheral nerve
_______ 3. Ventral roots
C. spinal nerves C1-C5
_______ 4. Spinal meninges
D. spinal nerves C5-T1
_______5. White matter
E. ascending, descending tracts
_______6. Brachial plexus
F. contains axons of sensory neurons
_______7. Epineurium
G. contains axons of motor neurons
_______8. Cervical plexus
H. bundles of axons
Draw the Peripheral Nerve Pathway of a Motor neuron that goes to the erector spinae muscle. Place an arrow in the
direction of the action potential.
Draw the Peripheral Nerve Pathway of a Sensory neuron that comes from the skin of the thumb. Place an arrow for
the direction of the action potential.
Briefly answer the following questions by writing your answers referencing the picture below.
1. What is the stimulus? ___________________________________________________________________
2. What tissue is the effector? ______________________________________________________________
3. How many synapses occur in this reflex arc? _______________________________________________
LABEL each of the following structures.
Receptor organ
Sensory neuron
Association neuron
Motor neuron
Effector
Ganglion
DRAW arrows on the figure indicating the direction of impulse transmission through this reflex pathway.
SHORT ANSWER:
1. Identify the two functional divisions of the peripheral nervous system, and cite their primary functions.
2. Identify the two components of the efferent divisions of the PNS
3. What would be the effect of damage to the afferent division of the PNS?
4. Classify neurons according to their structure and function
5. Are unipolar neurons in a tissue sample more likely to function as sensory neurons or motor neurons?
6. Which type of neuroglia would occur in larger-than-normal numbers in the brain tissues of a person with a
CNS infection?
7. What is the relationship between myelin and the propagation speed of action potentials
8. Which of the following axons is myelinated: one that propagates action potential at 50 meters per second,
or one that carries them at one meter per second?
9. Which two types of neuroglia insulate neuron cell bodies and axons in the PNS from their surroundings?
10. Why can’t most neurons in the CNS be replaced when they are lost to injury or disease
11. What is the difference between anterograde flow and retrograde flow?
12. Harry has a kidney condition that causes changes in his body’s electrolyte levels (concentration of ions in
the extracellular fluid). As a result, he is exhibiting tachycardia, an abnormally fast heart rate. Which ion is
involved, and how does a change in its concentration cause Harry’s symptoms?
13. In multiple sclerosis, there is intermittent and progressive damage to the myelin sheath of peripheral
nerves. This results in poor motor control of the affected area. Why does destruction of the myelin sheath
affect motor control?
14. What factor determines the maximum frequency of action potentials that could be conducted by an axon?