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Hinduism and Buddhism
Develop
Chapter 3 Section 2
Mr. Schabo
Hinduism Evolves Over
Centuries
•Cannot be traced to one founder
•Collections of beliefs that developed slowly
over time
•Hindus see religion as a means of liberating
the soul from illusions, disappointments, and
mistakes in everyday life.
•Moksha—A state of perfect understanding
of all things.
http://livinglegacy.ning.com/main/index/disabled
But it had to start somewhere
sometime . . .
• Between 750 and 550 B.C. Hindu teachers
tried to explain the hidden meanings in the
Vedic hymns.
• These commentaries were written down in
the Upanishads.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduism#History
What are the main ideas?
• A person must seek to understand the
relationship between the personal soul
(atman) and the universal soul (Brahman).
Only then can they achieve understanding
and be released from the endless cycle of
life and death (moksha).
• This understanding CANNOT be achieved
in one lifetime.
So then, how can one achieve it?
• It requires rebirth (reincarnation)—again
and again until moksha is achieved.
• A soul’s good and bad deeds (karma)
determine the circumstances into which one
is reborn—health, wealth, caste, poverty,
etc.
http://www.spiritandsky.com/reincarnation/
The 3 Main Hindu Gods
http://www.freethoughtpedia.com/images/Hindubrahman.jpg
Brahman the Creator
http://www.freethoughtpedia.com/images/Hindu-vishnu.jpg
Vishnu the Protector
http://shootfighter.files.wordpress.com/2009/11/shiva.jpg
Shiva the Destroyer
Hindus today are free to worship
any deity they choose. They also
have 3 paths to seek moksha.
Right Thinking
Right Action
Religious
Devotion
Why is Hinduism important in the
historical development of India?
Ideas about karma and reincarnation strengthened
the caste system in India. People born into the
upper castes were said to have good karma; those
born into the lower castes had to have bad karma.
http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_Jo7lJoQhtjw/Sw1HwIDesSI/AAAAAAAALqM/e5wyqgWSCy0/s1600/Karma+blog.nbc.com+slash+ross_blog+WQ.jpg
REVIEW BREAK!!!
Discuss with a partner next to you
and list 3 facts about Hinduism that
you DID NOT know before today. I
will call on students randomly to
give their responses: you can list
them on the bottom of your notes…
Jainism
http://www.culturalindia.net/indian-religions/jainism.html
http://www.religionfacts.com/jainism/practices.htm
• Founded by Mahavira, who lived from
599 B.C. to 527 B.C.
• Believed everything in the universe has
a soul, and therefore should not be
harmed.
• Jains carry nonviolence to the extreme.
• They preach tolerance for all religions.
• Most are industrious, wealthy
businessmen.
The Buddha Seeks
Enlightenment
•Founded by Siddhartha
Gautama
•563—483 B.C.
•Born into a noble family in
Kapilavastu, in the foothills of the
Himalayas in Nepal.
•Led a sheltered life in the palace
until the age of 29.
•He ventured forth into the world.
http://www.shambhalachile.org/buddhism.php
What Siddhartha saw . . .
A sick man.
http://www.indchurch.org/Newsletter/32A.html
A corpse being burned.
http://my.opera.com/TheOldMan1/blog/
An old man.
http://www.loupiote.com/sets/72157621901179700.shtml
http://i655.photobucket.com/albums/uu276/kennykkt/174635
7-3ba6655e24755a88.jpg
A holy man who
seemed to be at
peace with himself.
http://rhinestoneworld.wordpress.com/2010/05/10/movie-hero-of-the-week-keanu-reeves/
- Siddhartha understood
these events to mean that
every living thing
experiences old age,
sickness, and death and
that only a religious life
offers a refuge from this
inevitable suffering.
- Siddhartha decided to
spend his life searching for
religious truth and an end to
life’s suffering. So, soon
after learning of his son’s
birth, he left the palace.
- For six years he wandered
the forests of India, debating,
meditating, practicing the
mortification of the flesh.
- None of these methods
revealed the truth.
- Finally, he sat under a fig
tree for 49 days and reached
a state of enlightenment
(nirvana).
- He understood the cause of
suffering and how to ease it.
http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.exoticindiaart.com/brass/buddha_under_the_bodhi_tree_es07sm.jpg&imgrefur
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t=12&zoom=1&tbnid=DfAbSS3z4QjbQM:&tbnh=137&tbnw=112&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dbuddha%2Bunder%2Bthe%2Bbodhi
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He became the “Buddha,” the
enlightened one.
The Four Noble Truths
First Noble Truth - Life is filled with suffering and
sorrow.
Second Noble Truth - The cause of all suffering is
people’s selfish desire for the temporary pleasures of
this world.
Third Noble Truth - The way to end all suffering is to end
all desires.
Fourth Noble Truth - The way to overcome such
desires and attain enlightenment is to follow the
Eightfold Path, which is called the Middle Way between
desires and self-denial.
http://karmadungyu.blogspot.com/2009/07/buddha-said-that-he-was-enlightened.html
Practical Outcomes
• The Buddha accepted reincarnation, but rejected
the caste system.
• Gained a large following among craftsmen and
laborers.
• The Five Disciples who heard the Buddha’s first
sermon formed the sangha, or Buddhist religious
order. Women were admitted to the order, but
were considered a distraction.
• Dharma is Buddhist doctrine.
• The teachings of the Buddha were written down
after Siddhartha’s death.
http://folks.co.in/2009/12/reasons-for-decline-of-buddhism-in-india/
Outcomes (continued)
• Following his death, the Buddha’s followers
spread his faith throughout much of Asia.
Oddly enough, it never caught on in most of
India, where it originated.
• Buddhism was spread by traders as well as
missionaries. It was carried to Burma,
Thailand, China, Korea, and Japan.
• Today Buddhism is the fourth largest religion
in the world behind Christianity, Islam, &
Hinduism.
http://attractions.uptake.com/blog/byodo-in-buddhist-temple-oahu-hawaii-2655.html