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Unit 4, Topic 5 and 6, A to Z definitions quiz Julian Thomas Seevic College Definitions for words beginning with A or B 1 An ecological factor that is part of the non-living environment of an organism. 2 Alternative forms of the same gene 3 A factor in a habitat due to living organisms 4 Type of antibiotic that prevent the multiplication of active bacteria 5 Genetic change in a species due to deliberate human influence 6 Disease caused by the HIV virus 7 Type of microbe that can be affected by antibiotics 8 Micro-organism rendered harmless for use in a vaccine 9 Chemical substance produced by micro-organisms that can inhibit or kill other micro-organisms 10 A substance that activates the body to produce antibodies 11 Substance that combines with a specific antigen 12 Type of cell that produces antibodies 13 Type of antibiotic that kills bacteria 14 Answer to 13 formed in this part of the body 15 Part of earth inhabited by living things 16 Cell displaying peptides 17 The mass of living matter per unit area 18 Virus that attacks bacteria 19 HIV can be transmitted through these 20 Plant storage vacuole containing starch grains A2 / SNAB / updated Nov 2009 from original by Word/phrase Julian Thomas Seevic College 1 Definition for words beginning with C, D, E or F 1 Temperature deep inside the body 2 Tissue breakdown due to enzymes and microbial action 3 Term used for tree ring analysis 4 Community formed at end of succession 5 Succession which is halted by e.g.grazing so answer to 4 is not achieved 6 All the organisms in an ecosystem or habitat 7 There is a ...................... between changes in atmospheric carbon dioxide levels and rising temperatures 8 Allele fully expressed in the heterozygous condition 9 Site of photosynthesis 10 Predictions about future global warming are based on 11 Increasing temperature can affect the activity of these 12 If two species have exactly the same niche, one will eliminate the other due to this 13 A self sustaining system including both biotic and abiotic components 14 The flow of this through a system is measured in KJ/m2/yr 15 Conditions under which an organism lives form its? 16 Changes in allele frequency in a population lead to this 17 A sequence of three nucleotide bases on mRNA 18 Base pairing is always said to be this 19 A process in bacteria that passes DNA from one cell to another 20 Cycle in which CO2 and RuBP combine to give sugar A2 / SNAB / updated Nov 2009 from original by Word/phrase Julian Thomas Seevic College 2 Definition for words beginning with G, H, I, J, K or L 1 MRSA is an example 2 Bodies natural defence mechanism against pathogens 3 Response mediated by histamine 4 Cells that stimulate B cells to divide and produce antibodies 5 Virus that causes AIDS 6 The way in which the body reacts to an invading pathogen 7 A sequence of bases on a DNA molecule coding for a sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain 8 This must happen to ATP to release stored energy 9 The genetic constitution of an organism 10 Cells that destroy pathogen infected cells 11 Method used to separate DNA fragments of different lengths 12 Populations usually need to be this if they are to evolve into different species 13 Between different species 14 White blood cells that protect the body against specific diseases 15 Protein produced by virus infected cells that inhibits viral replication 16 Net primary productivity + plant respiration = 17 The condition required for photosynthesis that is in shortest supply and therefore limits rate 18 Organism that has to ingest ready made organic substances 19 Stage in photosynthesis that produces NADPH and ATP 20 Competition within a species A2 / SNAB / updated Nov 2009 from original by Word/phrase Julian Thomas Seevic College 3 Definition for words beginning with M, N, O, P, Q, R 1 One method that the scientific community uses to validate new evidence 2 White blood cells that ingest and destroy bacteria 3 The most abundant enzyme in the world 4 Small circular section of DNA that can be transferred between bacteria. Antibiotic resistance can be spread by these 5 One method used to reduce atmospheric levels of carbon dioxide 6 Succession that starts with newly formed habitats e.g a volcanic island 7 A procedure to rapidly replicate identical copies of DNA 8 Enzyme found in HIV that allows RNA to be copied into DNA 9 A virus that has RNA as its genetic material 10 Organisms that can make their own organic material; another term for autotrophs 11 Splitting of water using the energy from light 12 Two populations are unable to breed together even if they are sympatric (live in same area) 13 Method of DNA technology used to determine genetic relationships 14 Stiffness of body due to lack of ATP after death 15 Frame used when assessing abundance of organisms 16 A disease causing organism 17 The first antibiotic identified 18 Major greenhouse gas 19 The functional status of an organism in its community 20 Addition of a phosphate group to a molecule when light energy involved A2 / SNAB / updated Nov 2009 from original by Word/phrase Julian Thomas Seevic College 4 Definition for words beginning with S,T,U,V,W,X,Y,Z 1 A group of organisms that can breed amongst themselves and produce fertile offspring 2 Contagious disease caused by the bacteria of the genus Mycobacterium 3 Secrete oil to leave impressions of our fingerprints on surfaces 4 The position a species occupies in a food chain 5 The change in communities over time 6 Formation of new species 7 Interconnected membrane sacs found in the chloroplast 8 Utilising resources in a way that does not cause their permanent depletion 10 Temperature of a cooling body follows this type of curve after death 11 The response to exposure to a second exposure to an antigen; involves memory cells 12 Part of body where a low pH protects against pathogens 13 Rabies and polio are caused by these type of pathogens that have a protein coat enclosing a nucleic acid strand 14 This exists because of mutation; it is the ‘raw material’ on which selection operates to produce new species 15 The mechanism by which choice in courtship leads to the evolution of extravagant features like the Peacock’s tail 16 Fluid found in chloroplast that contains all enzymes required for light-independent reactions of photosynthesis 17 Inherited blood disorder that gives protection against malaria 18 Copying of DNA into RNA 19 Using mRNA to produce protein in a ribosome A2 / SNAB / updated Nov 2009 from original by Word/phrase Julian Thomas Seevic College 5