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Plate Tectonics Test Review Name:____________________________________________________ Draw an example of convection currents. Label the warmer and cooler areas. North American Plate Which tectonic plate do we live on? Who first developed the theory that the continents moved around? Alfred Wagener What is the name of the supercontinent that once existed? Pangea What is the theory of plate tectonics? The Earth’s outer layer is broken into pieces called plates that move as they float on the asthenosphere. Crust, Mantle, Core List compositional layers of the earth in order. List the physical layers in order. Lithosphere, Asthenosphere, Mesosphere, Outer Core, Inner Core Which compositional layer is the thinnest and which is the thickest? What is the lithosphere? What are plates? What is the asthenosphere and where is it found? Crust is thinnest, Mantle is thickest A layer of hard brittle rock broken into pieces. It is made of the crust and the upper part of the mantle. Piece of lithosphere that float on top of the asthenosphere in the mantle. Layer of flowing rock that causes plate movement as the plates float on top. Found in the mantle under the lithosphere. Where Convection currents happen. According to the theory of Convection currents cause plate tectonics, what causes plate movement. Occurs in the plates to move and the asthenosphere. where does this happen? An area that sinks beneath What is a subduction zone? a less dense plate during convergence What happens at a convergent boundary involving two oceanic plates? Volcanic islands form, earthquakes, trenches What happens at a convergent boundary involving an oceanic plate and a continental plate? How does the theory of plate tectonics help us? What happens at a convergent boundary involving two continental plates? Land Volcanoes, trenches, earthquakes We can predict future events such as earthquakes and tsunamis Mountains form, earthquakes occur Ridges form, earthquakes What happens at a divergent occur, volcanoes can form, boundary under the ocean? and seafloor spreading. Volcanoes form, What happens at a divergent earthquakes occur, rifts boundary on land? form What happens at a transform boundary? Earthquakes occur, faults form as the plates slip past eachother. What happens to Temperature and pressure temperature and pressure as increase you move towards the center of the earth? All plate boundaries At which plate boundary would expect to experience (convergent, divergent, and transform) earthquakes? At which plate boundary would you expect to find volcanoes? What is seafloor spreading and how does it occur? What is a ridge and what type of plate boundary is it found? What are the three compositional layers made of? What is the difference between the inner core and outer core? What is the difference between oceanic and continental crust? Convergent and divergent New sea floor is created by divergent boundaries An elevated part of the sea floor that is caused by seafloor spreading (divergent boundary) Crust- silicon, oxygen, and aluminum Mantle- silicon, magnesium Core- iron and nickel Inner- solid iron and nickel, very dense Outer- liquid iron and nickel, creates magnetic field Oceanic- thin, dense, made of iron, magnesium,basalt Continental- thicker, less dense, made of 3 rock types