Download Anatomy Three Posterior Spine

Anatomy THREE
8/28/2015
Anatomy Three
Posterior Spine
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Vertebrae
Curves of the spine
The spine is considered part of the__________skeletal division.
Side bending of the spine is called ________________.
The function of the spine is __________, __________,and
____________
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Anatomy THREE
8/28/2015
Trail 2 - T-7, T-2 and C-7
Trail 2 “Crossing Paths”
T-7 and Inferior Angle
T-2 and Superior Angle
C-7 and Base of the Neck
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The atlas does not
have a body, so there
are no discs involved
with it.
The landmarks of the atlas are on pg 171
The body of the dens
forms a pivot joint with
the atlas
The landmarks of the axis are on pg 171
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Anatomy THREE
8/28/2015
Facets are angled to about 45̊
and allow for movement
in an oblique plane, especially
rotation and lateral flexion
(transverse and frontal plane)
Typical cervical vertebrae are found on pg 172
Movements of the cervical spine
Synergists on pg 242-243
Movements of the spine
Synergists on pgs 194-195
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Anatomy THREE
Ellipsoidal Joint
Atlanto-occiptial
joint
Allows for
Flexion/Extension
Lateral Flexion
8/28/2015
Pivot joint
Atlantoaxial joint
Allows for
rotation
Gliding joints
Articular Facet
Joints
Allow for movement
of the vertebral
column,
flexion/extension,
lateral flexion, and
rotation
Where the bodies of the vertebrae meet are amphiarthrodial joints
Least movable of the vertebrae. Facets
are in the frontal plane and allow for free
movement of lateral flexion.
More information of thoracic vertebrae pg 172
Facets are in the sagittal plane, great for
flexion and extension. These vertebrae
support a lot of weight.
More information of lumbar vertebrae pg 172
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Anatomy THREE
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Ligaments of the spine, pg 222
Ligaments of the spine, pg 222
Intervertebral discs
 Make up 25% of the height of the spine.
 Cervical discs make up 40% of the height of the neck.
 They bear 80% of the weight placed on the spine, the
facet joints get the other 20%
 Function for weight bearing and shock absorption
 Nucleus pulposus is 80% water
 Annulus fibrosis is 10 to 20 layers of fibrocartilage
 The discs are designed to resist
Distraction – vertical movement
Shear – horizontal sliding
Torsion - rotation
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Anatomy THREE
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Herniated disc
Know your muscle layers , pgs 189-190
Splenius capitis and cervicis, pg 203,
Origin, insertion and action
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Anatomy THREE
8/28/2015
Extension, Rotation to the same side, Lateral flexion
Spinalis, pg 197,
actions and relationship to other muscles
Longissimus, pg 198,
actions and relationship to other muscles
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Anatomy THREE
8/28/2015
Iliocostalis, pg 198,
actions and relationship to other muscles
Multifidi and rotatores
Actions and relationships, pg 200
Transverso spinalis group and Semispinalis capitis
Aactions and relationships, pg 200, 201
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Anatomy THREE
8/28/2015
Suboccipitals, actions and relationships, origin and
insertion, pg 192 and 205
What do you think is the
first muscle(s) to activate
when you begin
movement?
Do you know of any other muscles
the aid with cervical extension?
Quadratus lumborum,
origin and insertion, actions pg 207
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Anatomy THREE
8/28/2015
Thoracolumbar Aponeurosis
Thoracolumbar Aponeurosis
The thoracolumbar aponeurosis is
divided into three sections, anterior
between the psoas and QL, the
middle between the QL and erector
spinae and the posterior between the
erector spinae and the latissimus
dorsi. They meet posterior laterally
to these muscles where the obliques
and transverse abdominus attach into
it.
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Trail Guide To the Body
Student Workbook
Pages: 87-90, 106-107, 112,
115-116
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Can you number the bones of the spine
7 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar
And don’t forget the sacrum and coccyx
Now you’ve numbered the bones of the
spine
• Extension comes from the erector spinae
• Spinalis, longissimus and iliocostalis
• and flexion is helped by the oblique
abdominals
• The scm helps to flex the cervicals
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