Download Earth`s Structure and Plate Tectonics Unit Test Study Guide Format

Earth’s Structure and Plate Tectonics Unit Test Study Guide
Format:
 Matching
 Labeling Diagrams
 Multiple Choice
 Short Answer
 Bonus Question
Vocabulary to be familiar with:
Subduction
Plate Boundary
Asthenosphere
Tsunami
Crustal Plate
Crust
Ocean Basin
Continental Drift
Plate Tectonics
Pangaea
Lithosphere
Rift Valley
Inner/outer core
Volcano
Epicenter
Fault
Lava
Magma
Test on
March 9th
Convergent Boundary
Convection Current
Earthquake
Mid-Ocean Ridge
Mantle
Focus
Seismic Waves
Pyroclastic Flow
Concepts to make sure you know:
1. What are the Earth’s layers? Inner Core, outer core, mantle, crust
2. What is the difference between the lithosphere and asthenosphere? The
lithosphere is solid and made up of the crust and the uppermost part of the
mantle, it also makes up the tectonic plates. The asthenosphere is pliable
soft rock and is in the middle of the mantle that is thought to be responsible
for tectonic plate movement via convection currents.
3. What does the theory of plate tectonics explain? It explains that the plates
are in constant slow motion from convection currents in the mantle.
4. Where do most volcanoes and earthquakes occur? At plate boundaries
5. Energy is released from earthquakes in the form of what? Seismic Waves
6. What is the difference between surface waves, primary waves, and
secondary waves? Surface waves travel the slowest and do the most damage,
primary waves travel fastest and can go through solid and liquid. Secondary
waves arrive travel slower than primary and can only travel through solids.
7. What is the difference between convergent, divergent, and transform
boundaries? There are three types of convergent boundaries that all involve
plates pushing into each other: Continent to continent creates mountains,
continent to ocean creates subduction zones where earthquakes and
volcanoes easily form, and ocean to ocean can also create subduction and
form islands.
8. What evidence did Wegener gather to support his continental drift
hypothesis? He looked at Fossils, climate, and geology
9. What is a tsunami? A huge water wave caused by the displacement of a
large amount of water. Tsunami’s are caused by earthquakes, volcanos, and
landslides.
10.What is the difference between magma and lava? Magma is inside the Earth,
lava is what it is called when it reaches the surface.
11. What are the names of the seven major plates? North American, South
American, African, Eurasian, Pacific, Australian, & Antarctic.
12. What is the difference between the three types of faults: normal, reverse,
and strike-slip? In a normal fault the upper block moves down, the stress
comes from the blocks pulling apart in a divergent boundary. In a reverse
fault the converging plates collide with the block above the fault plane
moving up while pushing into each other. In a strike slip fault the transform
boundary causes stress when plates get stuck moving past each other.
13.Where is magma stored in a volcano? Magma is stored in magma chambers.
14. What are the materials that can erupt from a volcano? Rock fragments (ash,
cinders, and block), volcanic gases, and pyroclastic flows (mixture of gases
and rock fragments).