Download 15) DIAPHRAGM: A domed shape muscle located beneath the

15) DIAPHRAGM: A domed shape muscle located
beneath the lungs – its contraction increases the
volume of the pleural cavity causing the lungs to inflate
16) OXIDATION: reaction in which a substance
combines with oxygen. For example when a nutrient
such as glucose combines with oxygen inside
mitochondria. (The nutrient has been oxidized.)
17) CELLULAR RESPIRATION: The process by which
nutrients are oxidized to release energy and to store
energy (in a chemical called ATP). Adensoinetriphosphate “molecular unit of currency”.
Cellular Respiration:
sugar + O2 ! energy + CO2 + H2O
ARTERY
18a) ___________:
A thick, elastic-walled vessel that
moves blood away form the heart.
VEIN
18b) ___________:
a blood vessel with one-way valves that
moves blood toward the heart, carrying wastes (including
CO2)
19) _________________:
CAPILLARY
a microscopic blood vessel that
connects arteries and veins; nutrients, oxygen, and wastes
are exchanged through their one-cell-thick walls.
EQ: What is the purpose of the Respiratory System and what are the
functions of the organs that are involved?
II) Respiratory System
A) Functions of the respiratory system:
1) Breathing – movement of the chest to bring air into the lungs and
remove waste gasses
2) Cellular respiration – the oxidation of food (e.g. glucose/sugar) to release
energy and store energy in ATP molecules
3 or more a)
Reactants " Products;
Questions
Sugar + Oxygen " Carbon Dioxide + Water + Energy
B) Organs of the respiratory system
1) The pharynx – tubelike passageway used for food, liquid and air;
2) Air passes through the larynx, which contains the vocal cords.
5) Trachea – tube held open by rings of cartilage
a)
There is a flaplike tissue called the epiglottis that blocks food from
entering the trachea
4) At the lower end of trachea, two short tubes called bronchi branch into
smaller tubes
5) Smallest tubes are bronchioles, which end in clusters of alveoli.
6)
The alveoli are surrounded by capillaries. This is where oxygen
enters the blood and waste products exit the blood.
Compare human circulatory and highway systems –
both move goods and remove wastes.
Pulmonary circulation moves blood between the heart
and lungs.
The carotid artery moves
oxygenated blood from the
heart to the brain.
Capillaries are microscopic
blood vessels
1
2
3
1) In your body, a __
system distributes
materials. Cardio- means
__ and vascular means
__.
2) What does your
cardiovascular system
consist of?
3) What is diffusion?
(Movement of materials in
and out of your cells
happens by diffusion.)
1) Cardiovascular, heart,
vessel.
2) The cardiovascular
system includes your heart,
blood, and kilometers of
vessels that carry blood to
every part of your body.
3) Diffusion is when a
material moves from a place
of high concentration to an
area of lower concentration.
Name _______________ Period ____
6
Name _______________ Period ____
6
4a) Wax
4b) Air
4c) Wax and oxygen
4d) Heat and light
4e) Oxygen
5a) It went out. The oxygen in the beaker was
used by the combustion of the wax vapor.
5b) Carbon dioxide
Smoke, carbon particles
6
6a) it changed color
6b) carbon dioxide
6c) An indicator is a
substance that changes
color in the presence of a
chemical. In this case
CO2
Lugols and Benedict’s
solutions
12.1
Light
Fuel (in this case sugar)
Oxygen
12.1
Temperature went up
Temperature measures KE which changes due to the amount of heat
Exhaled air was warmer than the H2O
Heat is a product of cellular respiration
READ 12.2
pages 103
and 104
Change to
30 mL
Change
to 30 mL
When Inhaling
L
When Exhaling
H
Carbon dioxide is released during
cellular respiration
Name _____________________________________ Period ________
Cellular Respiration (CR) Notes
A. Raw materials for CR = sugar and oxygen
B. Products of CR = CO2, H2O and energy
C. The CR product of Energy enables all
organisms to perform life activities
D. CR waste products = CO2, H2O; These waste
products are transported to the lungs through veins
E. Inhales O2 = 20%, exhaled O2 = 16% [Some
O2 was used during cellular respiration]; Exhaled
air = 4% CO2, [CO2 increased because it is a
waste product of CR]
F.  CR Recipe = Sugar + Oxygen => Water (vapor)
+ CO2 + Energy
G. A buildup of CR waste products could block
further CR which means no energy could be used
Digestive System
Respiratory System
Name_______________________________ Period
________________
REVIEW
Name each organ and describe its Function
Word Bank:
Appendix,
Bile Duct,
Duodenum
Esophagus,
Gall Bladder,
Large Intestine,
Liver,
Pancreas,
Rectum,
Small Intestine,
Stomach
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
F)
G)
H)
I)
J)
K)
Name_______________________________ Period
________________
REVIEW
Name each organ and describe its Function
Word Bank:
Appendix,
Bile Duct,
Duodenum
Esophagus,
Gall Bladder,
Large Intestine,
Liver,
Pancreas,
Rectum,
Small Intestine,
Stomach
A) Esophagus
B) Bile Duct
C) Stomach
D) Pancreas
E) Small Intestine
F) Large Intestine
G) Rectum
H) Appendix
I)
Duodenum
J)
Gall Bladder
K) Liver
REVIEW
Name each organ and describe its
Function
Word Bank:
Alveoli,
Bronchiole,
Right Bronchi,
Left Bronchi,
Diaphragm
Mouth,
Nasal Cavity,
Larynx
Lung Tissue
Pharynx
Trachea
REVIEW
Name each organ and describe its
Function
Word Bank:
Alveoli,
Bronchiole,
Right Bronchi,
Left Bronchi,
Diaphragm
Mouth,
Nasal Cavity,
Larynx
Lung Tissue
Pharynx
Trachea
Nasal Cavity
Mouth
Pharynx
Larynx
Trachea
Right Bronchi
Lung Tissue
Left Bronchi
Bronchiole
Alveoli
Diaphragm