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VascularPlants • LargestgroupinthePlantKingdom • Well-developedsystemfortransportingwaterandfood o Truerootsystem,stems,andleaves • Tube-likestructuresthatprovidesupportandhelpcirculatethewaterandfood o Xylem-transportswaterandmineralsfromrootstotherestoftheplant(comesfromthe ground) o Phloem-transportfoodfromleavestotherestoftheplant(duringphotosynthesis) 1. Plantscanbe300ft.tall 2. Vasculartissueprovidesstiffnessandallowssomeplantssuchassequoiastogrowtoamazing heights Examples:trees,shrubswith woodystemsthatgrowverytall, dandelions,tomatoplants sequoiatrees • • • • NonvascularPlants DoNOThaveawell-developedsystemfortransportingwaterandfood;therefore,theydonothave atruerootsystem,stems,orleaves Mustobtainnutrientsdirectlyfromtheenvironmentanddistributeitfromcelltocellthroughout theplant o Asaresultofthistheseplantsaresmallinsizeandgrowclosetotheground Waterismovedthroughosmosis(waterisabsorbedfromcelltocellorfromcellthroughcell membrane) Plantsarenotverylarge,allpartsoftheplantmustbeneartheirwatersource Transpiration • TheprocesswhereplantsloseH2O(water)throughleaves(becomeswatervaporinatmosphere andispartofthehydrologiccycle) • Transpirationoccursafterwaterisstoredandusedforphotosynthesis • Leavesusechlorophylltomakefood(glucose-sugar)duringthephotosynthesisprocess(C6H12O6) -Guardcellssurroundstomatastoopenorclose them -Stomatasareopeningsonundersideofleaf thatcontrolthelossofwater(H2O) • • • • • • Photosynthesis Plantsareautotrophic,sotheymaketheirownfoodusingphotosynthesis Plantsusesolarenergy,CO2andwater(H2O)toproduceglucose(C6H12O6) Plantcellshavespecialorganellescalledchloroplastfilledwithchlorophylltocatchsolarenergy Chlorophylliswhyplantsaregreen Plantstakeincarbondioxide(CO2)throughtheirstomata(thesameplaceplantslosewaterin transpiration) Photosynthesisproducesglucose(C6H12O6)andoxygen(O2)thatalllivingthingsuse