Download Vascular Plants • Largest group in the Plant Kingdom • Well

VascularPlants
• LargestgroupinthePlantKingdom
• Well-developedsystemfortransportingwaterandfood
o Truerootsystem,stems,andleaves
• Tube-likestructuresthatprovidesupportandhelpcirculatethewaterandfood
o Xylem-transportswaterandmineralsfromrootstotherestoftheplant(comesfromthe
ground)
o Phloem-transportfoodfromleavestotherestoftheplant(duringphotosynthesis)
1. Plantscanbe300ft.tall
2. Vasculartissueprovidesstiffnessandallowssomeplantssuchassequoiastogrowtoamazing
heights
Examples:trees,shrubswith
woodystemsthatgrowverytall,
dandelions,tomatoplants
sequoiatrees
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NonvascularPlants
DoNOThaveawell-developedsystemfortransportingwaterandfood;therefore,theydonothave
atruerootsystem,stems,orleaves
Mustobtainnutrientsdirectlyfromtheenvironmentanddistributeitfromcelltocellthroughout
theplant
o Asaresultofthistheseplantsaresmallinsizeandgrowclosetotheground
Waterismovedthroughosmosis(waterisabsorbedfromcelltocellorfromcellthroughcell
membrane)
Plantsarenotverylarge,allpartsoftheplantmustbeneartheirwatersource
Transpiration
• TheprocesswhereplantsloseH2O(water)throughleaves(becomeswatervaporinatmosphere
andispartofthehydrologiccycle)
• Transpirationoccursafterwaterisstoredandusedforphotosynthesis
• Leavesusechlorophylltomakefood(glucose-sugar)duringthephotosynthesisprocess(C6H12O6)
-Guardcellssurroundstomatastoopenorclose
them
-Stomatasareopeningsonundersideofleaf
thatcontrolthelossofwater(H2O)
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Photosynthesis
Plantsareautotrophic,sotheymaketheirownfoodusingphotosynthesis
Plantsusesolarenergy,CO2andwater(H2O)toproduceglucose(C6H12O6)
Plantcellshavespecialorganellescalledchloroplastfilledwithchlorophylltocatchsolarenergy
Chlorophylliswhyplantsaregreen
Plantstakeincarbondioxide(CO2)throughtheirstomata(thesameplaceplantslosewaterin
transpiration)
Photosynthesisproducesglucose(C6H12O6)andoxygen(O2)thatalllivingthingsuse