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Changes in the Hungarian National
Innovation System (NIS)
Adam Tichy-Racs
[email protected]
National Technical Information Centre and Library
at the Budapest university of Technology and
Economics
(BME OMIKK)
Events in Hungarian NIS
•
Act on Innovation (2004)
– Innovation Fund – special tax + matching fund
– Establishing National Office for Research and Development (NKTH) under the
supervision of Ministry of Education
•
Parliamentary elections (2006)
– Change in governmental structure
– NKTH is supervised by the Ministry of Economy
•
2nd amendment to Coalition Agreement (2007)
– Proposal on integration of „small taxes”
– Government Decision No. 1060/2007 on tasks regarding the innovation
infrastructure – „Establishing innovation observatory”
•
State Auditing Committee report on Fund of Innovation (2008)
– There are too many changes in NIS
•
Break-up of governing coalition (2008)
– Government without majority support in Parliament
– Minister of Research and Technology appointed
•
World economic crisis (2008-)
– Change of Government (2009)
– Minister of Research and Technology resigned
Good News
• The European Institute of Innovation and
Technology has been established
– EU organization
– Centre in Budapest, Hungary
Major events since May 2008
• At the 2008 seminar and the 59th sitting of CPR there was a
presentation on the subject, emphasizing the negative effects of the
frequent organizational changes in governing R&D policy
• During his visit in November 2008 in Hungary Dr Victor Kodola,
director of ICSTI met
– Dr Gyula Csopaki, president of the National Office for Research and
Technology Development (appointed into the position in August 2008)
– Ildikó Kovács, head of Department of International Cooperation of
NKTH
– Dr József Pálinkás, president of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences
– Dr. Károly Molnár, minister of research and technology (appointed into
his newly established position on 1st May, 2008)
• Among other topics that were discussed, they agreed in inviting the
61st Sitting of CPR in Hungary
Economic and structural
changes since November
• The first effects of the world economic crisis began in October, we
could already make an estimation of it in December and it has
became reality by now
– Hungary needed a substantial loan from IMF in November in order to
handle the national debt service
– The decline of industrial production is about 20 percent
– The automotive and the computer industry closed down most of the
Hungarian factories or introduced a four workday in a week system
– Most of construction works have been suspended
– The expected decrease of GDP from 2008 to 2009 is about 6 percent
– The unemployment went up to 11-12 percent
– The exchange rate of EUR 1
• HUF 247 in October 2008
• HUF 317 in March 2009
• HUF 287 in May 2009
• After a short term slight decrease of prices higher inflation rate is
forecast by analysts
The effects of the changes
regarding to ICSTI
• The situation swept away the government in
April, including the minister of R&D – and his
office closed down after ten months
• The new government does not have majority
inthe Parliament, but needs voting majority for its
legislative actions to stabilize the situation
• Regular parliamentary elections will be in May
2010, but there can be elections before that time
– Major victory of FIDESZ - in opposition since 2002 - is
expected
– A new nationalist party may win some parliamentary
seats
– The political strength of parties will be testes on the
elections for European Parliament in two weeks
The effects of the changes
regarding to ICSTI
• The supervisor of NKTH is the Ministry of National
Development and Economics (new position, new person)
• The incomes of the Fund for Research and
Technological Innovation decreases with the decline of
the industrial production
– that fund provides financial resources for scientific cooperation
• In this situation NKTH, which is responsible for the ICSTI
relations
– does not take the responsibility of inviting the 61st CPR Sitting to
Hungary in 2010
– but will pay membership fees of Hungary and contributes to our
participation at major ICSTI events
• BME OMIKK alone cannot organize next years ICSTI
Conference and the 61st CPR sitting on its own budget