Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Great Lakes tectonic zone wikipedia , lookup
Sedimentary rock wikipedia , lookup
Geology of Great Britain wikipedia , lookup
Mackenzie Large Igneous Province wikipedia , lookup
Algoman orogeny wikipedia , lookup
Clastic rock wikipedia , lookup
Large igneous province wikipedia , lookup
ROCKS Are classified according to the environment in which they _________ form Types of Rocks: igneous ________ ________ sedimentary ________ metamorphic IGNEOUS ROCKS Where Does Igneous Rock Form? I. FORMATION OF IGNEOUS ROCKS A. Igneous rocks form directly from the solidification _____________ and crystallization _____________ of _____molten liquid rock to form _______ solid rock FOUNTAINING FISSURE ERUPTION LAVA FLOW LAVA FLOW OVER A ROAD LAVA FLOW THROUGH FORREST Kilauea, HI 2003 Kilauea, HI , 2003 Mt. ST. Helens Volcanic crater crazy vulcanist SKY LIGHT crystallization B. _____________ is the process when a liquid rock cools, and it changes to a solid made of INTERGROWN CRYSTALS ___________________ GRANITE MICROSCOPIC VIEW 2. CLASSIFICATION OF IGNEOUS ROCKS: A. 2 characteristics that are used to classify igneous rocks: texture 1. ______________ mineral composition 2. ______________ B. Texture of an igneous rock describes the _________, size __________ shape and arrangement ____________ of the mineral crystals it was made from. size C. The ______ of the crystals depends on the Rate of _____________ cooling __________ Slow cooling = large crystals ____________ MINERAL CRYSTALS GABBRO Fast cooling = fine crystals ____________ Or no crystals (glassy) GLASSY TEXTURE: OBSIDIAN BASALT: FINE CRYSTALS BASALT MICROSCOPIC VIEW Granite: Coarse crystals Basalt: Fine crystals (Microscopic views) FINE CRYSTAL: RYOLITE 3. EXTRUSIVE IGNEOUS ROCKS: Extrusions A. _____________ occurs when molten (liquid) rock flows out of the earth as ________________ lava lava magma And cools quickly __________ to form fine or no crystals ____________ Vesicular basalt gas pockets frothy texture (vesicular) This rock if full of gas pockets B. To form magma, minerals ____________ must be melted. C. Minerals melt at different temperatures ____________ pressures and ___________ D. Igneous rocks of different composition ____________ Can form from the same body of magma ____________ 4. INTRUSIVE IGNEOUS ROCKS: A. Intrusions _____________ occurs when molten rock beneath the surface (magma) cools slowly ____________ to form coarse crystals _____________ Granite: Coarse crystals Basalt: Fine crystals (Microscopic views) 5. FELSIC A. Igneous rocks of the continental crust are rich in _________ density _________ colored minerals (granitic) low light 6. MAFIC A. Igneous rocks of the ocean floor are rich in _________ density _________ colored minerals (basaltic) high dark Comparing Oceanic Crust To Continental Crust Continental Crust: 1. low density 2. light color 3. granitic 4.felsic 5.thick Oceanic Crust: 1.high density 2.dark color 3. basaltic 4. mafic 5. thin Complete the Activity Use this diagram in your ESRT to answer the following: What is the temperature for the interface between the following… inner core and outer core? 6250° C Outer core and stiffer mantle? 5000° C Stiffer Mantle and athenosphere? 2600° C Asthenosphere and lithosphere? 750° C What is the depth of the interface between the stiffer mantle and the outer core? 2900 KM State the relationship between depth and pressure :As depth increase pressure increases State the relationship between depth and temperature: As depth increases temperature increases MELTING ROCKS AND CRYSTALLIZING MAGMA Rock magma magma rock When rocks melt, bonds broken. Crystalline solid no longer exists. MELTING ROCKS AND CRYSTALLIZING MAGMA Rock magma magma rock •Hot liquid contains still solid fragments •Minerals melt at different temperatures •Melting causes changes in magma composition MELTING ROCKS AND CRYSTALLIZING MAGMA Rock magma magma rock •Cooling of hot liquid allows crystallization of minerals •Bonds are re-established •Crystalline structure grows until edges touch adjacent crystals •Minerals crystallize at different temperatures OK……….. TAKE OUT YOUR REFERENCE TABLE