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CHAPTER 3
Lesson 2 Life
in Egypt
UNIFYING EGYPT
 Egypt was split into two parts, Upper and Lower Egypt.
 Each had it’s own king.
 See crown diagram below.
UNIFYING EGYPT CONT.
 There are few records of how Egypt was unified.
 King Menes
 Kings Scorpion, or Narmer
EGYPTIAN RECORD KEEPING
 Much about Egyptian kings is unknown until about the third
dynasty when a priest and advisor began keeping records.
 Manetho, the priest, divided the kings into dif ferent dynasties.
 Old Kingdom (2575-2181 B.C.E.)
 Middle Kingdom (2040-1782 B.C.E)
 New Kingdom (1570-1070 B.C.E)
PHARAOH
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

Term did not become used until the New Kingdom Dynasties.
Means “great house”
Son of Ra, sun god.
Worshiped as a god.
HIEROGLYPHICS
 Unlike Sumerian cuneiform, hieroglyphics represented objects
and idea’s as well as sounds.
 Carved in stone or clay tablets as well as written on paper.
 700 dif ferent hieroglyphic symbols.
ROSETTA STONE
 Created in 196 B.C.E.
 Discovered in 1799 C.E.
 In 1822 C.E. Jean-François Champollion used it to help
decipher principles in hieroglyphics.
ROSETTA STONE CONT.
 On the stone was a passage written in Greek, Egyptian
hieroglyphics, and a form of Egyptian cursive writing called
demotic.
 By comparing Egyptian hieroglyphics to Greek words the stone
could be read.
SCRIBES
 Traveled around the kingdom recording information such as
how much wheat was harvested and how many taxes farmers
owed to the government.
EGYPTIAN WOMEN
Had more rights then most women in other
civilizations.
Could inherit land and make business
transactions.
Some may have been scribes and merchants.
Most however were not taught to read and
write.
NEW KINGDOM PHARAOHS
 Ruled with their wives or sons. Ex. If a queens husband died
she took power.
 Hatshepsut took power, expanded trade, and finished several
buildings
EGYPTIAN SOCIAL HIERARCHY
TRADE AND TECHNOLOGY
 Heavy traders, which helped to expand their empire.
 Chariots were brought by the Hyksos whom invaded and took
control of Egypt.
 100 years later Egyptian kings took power again.
PYRAMID BUILDING
 Built during the Old Kingdom.
 Tombs for the dead.
 Believed that kings remained gods after death and thought of
pyramids as palaces.
 Filled them with the kings possession because it was believed
that the king could take them with him/her.
PYRAMID BUILDING CONT.
 The first to get a pyramid was King Zoser.
 Giza, aka the Great Pyramid, was built for king Khufu.
 Took 20 years to build!
 No slave labor was used.
 Until 1800 C.E. it was the tallest building in the world built by people.
GREAT PYRAMID
 When the Nile flooded the people could not work in the field
so they worked on the Great Pyramid.
 Used 20,000 workers and 2,000,000 stones
RIDDLE
(YES OR NO QUESTIONS ONLY)
We never would have found this
person if the person hadn’t been
so hard to find.
MUMMIFICATION AND TUTANKHAMEN
 Mummification is a process of preserving bodies for the
afterlife
 Vital organs are removed and placed in canopic jars
 King Tut
 Made Pharaoh at age 9
 Restored order after the reign of Akhenaten.
 Tomb discovered intact by Howard Carter(1923 C.E.)
ANALYZING AND INTERPRETING
ANALYZING AND INTERPRETING
ANALYZING AND INTERPRETING
ANALYZING AND INTERPRETING
ANALYZING AND INTERPRETING
ANALYZING AND INTERPRETING
ANALYZING AND INTERPRETING
ANALYZING AND INTERPRETING
ANALYZING AND INTERPRETING
ANALYZING AND INTERPRETING
ANALYZING AND INTERPRETING
ANALYZING AND INTERPRETING