* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download Scriptures - School District of Clayton
Bhakti movement wikipedia , lookup
Yoga Sutras of Patanjali wikipedia , lookup
California textbook controversy over Hindu history wikipedia , lookup
Bhagavata Purana wikipedia , lookup
Hindu views on evolution wikipedia , lookup
Tamil mythology wikipedia , lookup
Rajan Zed prayer protest wikipedia , lookup
Invading the Sacred wikipedia , lookup
Brahma Sutras wikipedia , lookup
Women in Hinduism wikipedia , lookup
Indra's Net (book) wikipedia , lookup
Hinduism in Indonesia wikipedia , lookup
Vishishtadvaita wikipedia , lookup
History of Shaktism wikipedia , lookup
Buddhism and Hinduism wikipedia , lookup
History of Hinduism wikipedia , lookup
Dayananda Saraswati wikipedia , lookup
Neo-Vedanta wikipedia , lookup
Hinduism A Brief Introduction Visit www.worldofteaching.com For 100’s of free powerpoints Scriptures • Hundreds of scriptures Oldest scriptures: the four Vedas. All scriptures divided into two broad categories: shruti and smriti. Most popular scripture: Bhagavad Gita. What “ism” is Hinduism? • Everything from Atheism to Polytheism • Different interpretations of the same scriptures led to differences in belief • Sanatana Dharma Eternal Philosophy Concept of God • Nirguna Brahman = God without attributes • Saguna Brahman = God with attributes • Saguna Brahman can be worshipped in any shape or form… human or otherwise Hindu Trinity • Brahma = the Creator • Vishnu = the Preserver • Shiva = the Destroyer • Three aspects/powers of the same divine being Basic Beliefs • Karma = the law of cause and effect; “you reap what you sow” • Reincarnation = eternal soul traverses through different bodies till it finds liberation Symbolism in Hinduism Holy Cow! • Hindus have always had great respect for Mother Nature and its creatures. • The cow is especially significant because it symbolizes gentleness. Four Goals of Human Life 1. Kama = fulfillment of desires 2. Artha = accumulation of wealth 3. Dharma = performance of social and religious duties 4. Moksha – freedom from want Four Paths to Moksha 1. Karma Yoga = Path of righteous action 2. Bhakti Yoga = Path of selfless devotion 3. Jnana Yoga = Path of rational inquiry 4. Raja Yoga = Path of renunciation Temple Worship • Temples provide an atmosphere conducive for spiritual progress. • Centers of social and cultural activities • Provide a place for collective worship and prayers. Six Philosophical Schools 1. Sankhya = Sage Kapila 2. Yoga = Sage Patanjali 3. Mimamsa = SageJaimini 4. Vedanta = Sage Vyasa 5. Nyaya = Sage Gautama 6. Vaisheshika = Sage Kanada History of Hinduism • Originated between 4000 and 2000 BCE • No single founder • Vedas: the oldest scriptures of Hinduism • Veda means “to know” • Rig, Yajur, Sama, and Atharva Veda • Upanishads explain the philosophical ideas in story and dialogue form Veda Vyasa • 1500 BC • classified the Vedas into the four traditional collections • composed the 18 Puranas • composed his great poetic work, the Mahabharata, in a period of two and a half years Sankara • Advaitha philosophy • 7th century AD • traveled all over India having public debates with other philosophers • true happiness can be attained by removing avidya (ignorance) and maya (self deception) Ramanuja • 10th Century AD • Vishistadvaitha • wanted everybody irrespective of social standing to enjoy the eternal bliss of Lord Narayana • Bhakti = complete surrender to the Lord Madhva • Dwaitha philosophy • 12th Century AD • the world is not an illusion. • solitary study of the scriptures, performing one’s duty without self - interest • practical acts of devotion Vivekananda • First Hindu leader to visit America • Famous address at the World Parliament of Religions in Chicago on September 11, 1893 • Spent three years preaching the Vedanta philosophy in America and England • Founded the Ramakrishna Mission Contemporary Hindu Leaders in America • • • • • David Frawley Satguru Sivaya Subramuniyaswami Mahesh Yogi Satchidananda Mata Amritanandamayi Festivals • Hinduism is a celebratory religion • The motive: Festivals keep us close to Gods, invigorate our household and renew our personal life. • Festivals signify victory of good over evil. • Every month of Hindu calendar has at least • one significant festival. Each festival has • regional significance also. • Celebration of diversity. April/May Yugaadi/Ugaadi: • The first day of the year according to the National Calendar of India. • The day falls in the beginning of spring • Vasanta Ritu – When the Goddess of Nature gets bedecked as a divine bride. Sri Ramanavami Birthday of Lord Rama, the prince of Ayodhya, and his coronation as a king. Mahavir Jayanti Buddha Jayanti Birthday of Mahavira, the founder of Jainism Birthday of Buddha, the founder of Buddhism May/June Guru Purnima Lord Muruga • Worshipped mostly in South India •Guru: One’s teacher. The day commemorates the birthday of Veda Vyasa. •Time to remember and felicitate one’s teachers. July/August Raksha Bandhan Symbolizes the love between brother and sister. Krishnashtami Birthday of Lord Krishna, favorite lovable God of many :) August/September Ganesh Chaturthi Birthday of the elephant God, Ganesha Durga Pooja/Navaratri A nine day celebration signifying the victory of Mother Durga over the evil demon King Mahishasura. October/November Deepavali: The festival of lights Mother Lakshmi •Mother Lakshmi, the goddess of wealth and prosperity is worshipped on this day. •Beginning of the Hindu financial year. December/January Guru Gobind Singh Jayanti Birthday of Guru Gobind Singh, one of the Sikh Gurus Sankranti/Pongal Celebration of the harvest festival February/March Mahashivaratri Birthday of Lord Shiva Holi Holi, the festival of colors commemorating the victory of Lord Krishna over the demon Holika