Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
3/16 -If you missed Urine Analysis lab come see me! -makeups after school and during enrichment -get out animal body systems booklet -tear out pg 47-48, staple, and turn in to alpha sorter -Go to Kahoot.it on cell phone for review! DEFENSE and SUPPORT: Muscular and Skeletal Systems How do these systems provide DEFENSE and SUPPORT? • Skeletal System: produces immune cells to protect against disease causing bacteria and viruses. • Muscular system: coordinates with the nervous system to help animals escape predators . Muscular System: The main organs of the muscular system are the _________. muscles Muscles work by ________ pulling when they contract. There are 3 types of ___ muscles. Types of Muscles: Skeletal Muscle These muscles are usually 1. _________________: bones and allow for the movement of attached to _______ limbs Since these muscles can be controlled by a ______. person, they are known as __________ voluntary muscles. These muscles also help maintain our posture and protect internal organs. a. Muscles are attached to bones with a special connective tissue known as a _______. tendon Types of Muscles: Smooth Muscle This type of muscle is found 2. ________________: intestines within the walls of organs like the ___________, diaphragm allowing these _________, bladder and the __________ expand and ________. contract Smooth organs to ________ muscle is not under conscious control, so it is involuntary muscle. known as ____________ Image by Theresa Knott -Smooth muscle also helps move food through your digestive tract via the process peristalsis. Types of Muscles: Cardiac Muscle This type of muscle is 3. _______________: not under your control, so it is also involuntary It is only found in considered ____________. heart which is why it is called the _______ cardiac muscle. ________ Characteristics and Functions: a. Skeletal muscles pairs In work in _____. your arms, your biceps cause it to _______ bend while your triceps cause it to _______ straighten out. energy b. Muscles use a large amount of ________. This requires them to produce large amounts of the ATP These molecules energy molecule called _____. are produced in the _____________ mitochondria through the process of cellular respiration. This is why there are a greater than average number of mitochondria in ________ muscle cells. c. Cellular respiration requires the body to O2 cannot be oxygen gas. When ____ absorb ________ absorbed fast enough, the body produces a lactic acid compound known as __________. Organization of Life: Muscular System Tissue Cell Muscle Fiber (Myofibril) Skeletal Smooth Cardiac Organ Bicep Stomach Heart Organ System Muscular System Muscular Body System Interactions: • Digestive System: smooth muscle found in the stomach and intestinal tract helps move digested food through the body. • Circulatory /Respiratory System: products of cellular respiration (CO2, lactic acid) from the muscular system are removed via the blood stream. • Nervous System: signals muscles to contract for movement and response to environmental stimuli. Fun Facts Adults have a set number of muscle cells; exercise enlarges the cells, but does not create new cells. A single muscle cell in the human thigh muscle can extend up to 12 inches long. The leg muscles of a locust are about 1000 times more powerful than an equal weight of human muscle. The muscle that lets your eye blink is the fastest muscle in your body. It allows you to blink 5 times a second. Pushing the Limits: Strength: Muscles: Superhuman Strength http://player.discoveryeducation.com/?blnPreviewOnly=1&guidAssetI d=b8345a18-4985-455f-b025-cca180e81b1e 3/17 • Get out Body Systems Booklet • Open to Chicken Wing Lab • Place all books, binders, etc…by the overhead projector! • Grab goggles! • Urine Lab will be made up during enrichment and tomorrow morning. Afterschool has been cancelled! 3/18 • Get out Body Systems booklet – Open to chicken wing lab – 5 min to complete questions • Reminder – if you were making up urine lab please come see me to make arrangements! Skeletal System: The main organs of the skeletal system are the bones. Bones work with muscles to move, protect and support sensitive internal organs, store minerals and make blood cells. Evolutionary Trends of the Skeletal System Complex Simple Skeleton Type of support Hydrostatic Skeleton Have muscles surrounding a fluid-filled cavity . When contracted, they push against the fluid and cause the body to change shape. Exoskeleton A hard external skeleton, made of chitin and is continually shed as the organism grows - molting. Endoskeleton Have a well developed Endoskeleton or internal skeleton made of calcified plates. Picture of system Examples Annelids (worms) and Arthropods (Insects) and mammals, birds, reptiles, Cnidarians (Jellyfish) Crustaceans fish, amphibians, starfish Characteristics and Functions a. Bones are attached to other bones with special connective ligaments tissues known as _________. b. A place where one bone attaches to another is called a joint. Types of Joints: - Ball-inSocket - Hinge - Gliding - Pivot c. Bones are a living part of your body that contain nervous tissue to send and receive information, _________ nutrients as well as blood vessels to bring the __________ and ________ oxygen gas that is necessary for the bones’ health and growth. • d. Bone is composed of two types of tissue: – Spongy: soft, interior layer of bone tissue. • Site of red blood cell production • Less dense • Contains bone marrow – Compact: outer layer of tissue surrounding bone. • Stores minerals – Calcium. • Extremely dense and strong Photo by Steve Fruitsmaak marrow is e. Bone _________ found inside of bones. This tissue is responsible for creating new _______ blood cells in animals. These cells are a vital part of the ___________ circulatory system. f. Bones are protected at joints by a thin layer of cartilage. Cartilage is softer and more flexible than bone tissue and cushions the joints. Organization of Life: Skeletal System • • • • • • • • BONE CELL: OSTEOCYTE BONE TISSUE: Compact or Spongy BONES: Femur, Tibia, Patella SKELETAL Skeletal Body System Interactions: • Circulatory System: bones help produce new blood cells in addition to storing minerals transported by the circulatory system. • Muscular System: bones and muscles work in opposing pairs to perform body movement. Muscles and bones support, protect, and maintain posture for the human body. • Nervous System: bones protect many vital organs of the nervous system – Skull (brain), Vertebrae (spinal cord). Pushing the Limits: Strength: Bones: Strong and Flexible http://player.discoveryeducation.com/?blnPreviewOnly=1&guidAssetI d=b8345a18-4985-455f-b025-cca180e81b1e